Lythrum salicaria Ellagitannins Stimulate IPEC-J2 Cells Monolayer Formation and Inhibit Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Growth and Adhesion

Lythrum salicaria herb (LSH) was applied in diarrhea therapy since ancient times. Despite empirically referenced therapeutic effects, the bioactivity mechanisms and chemical constituents responsible for pharmacological activity remain not fully resolved. Taking into consideration the historical use of LSH in treatment of diarrhea in humans and farm animals, the aim of the study was to examine in vitro the influence of LSH and its C-glycosylic ellagitannins on processes associated with maintaining intestinal epithelium integrity and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) growth and adhesion. LSH was not only inhibiting EPEC growth in a concentration dependent manner but also its adhesion to IPEC-J2 intestinal epithelial cell monolayers. Inhibitory activity toward EPEC growth was additionally confirmed ex vivo in distal colon samples of postweaning piglets. LSH and its dominating C-glycosylic ellagitannins, castalagin (1), vescalagin (2), and salicarinins A (3) and B (4) were stimulating IPEC-J2 monolayer formation by enhancing claudin 4 production. Parallelly tested gut microbiota metabolites of LSH ellagitannins, urolithin C (5), urolithin A (6), and its glucuronides (7) were inactive. The activities of LSH and the isolated ellagitannins support its purported antidiarrheal properties and indicate potential mechanisms responsible for its beneficial influence on the intestinal epithelium

Different distribution of CD4 and CD8 T cells in synovial membrane and peripheral blood of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are chronic diseases associated with morphological joint changes. Synovial membrane (SM) involvement was established for RA, but the data for OA are limited, because OA is usually regarded as noninflammatory disease. Changes in immune system in RA are not limited to joints, and the significant role of T cells of peripheral blood (PB) is not disputable. However, there is still an open debate about PB immunological profile in OA. Therefore, we decided to measure the distribution of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, regarding CD28 expression, both in PB and SM of RA and OA patients, on the same day. Altogether, eleven RA patients, 11 OA patients and similar numbers of age-matched healthy controls were included into the study. Flow cytometry was used for T cells subpopulation distinguishing and quantification; monoclonal antibodies against CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD28 with different fluorochromes were used for stainings. The RA patients had significantly higher percentage of CD3+4+ cells in PB as compared to OA patients and relevant control group. Both within the CD4+ and CD8+ compartments, significantly lower percentages of cells bearing the CD28 marker were found in the PB of OA as compared to RA patients. The proportion of CD3+CD4+ cells in SM was dependent on age of OA patients, older OA patients had significantly higher value of their SM/blood ratio than RA patients. Older OA subjects were also characterized by higher values of the SM/blood ratio of both CD4+CD28+ and CD8+CD28+ subpopulations than RA or younger OA patients. In conclusion, in contrast to the traditional view of OA disease, our results give support to the hypothesis that OA may also (like RA) be a disease with a local immunological involvement

Evaluation of the Safety of Neauvia Stimulate Injectable Product in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases Based on Histopathological Examinations and Retrospective Analysis of Medical Records

The aim of this study was to test the effect of hyaluronic acid cross-linked with polyethylene glycol containing micronized portions of calcium hydroxyapatite (Neauvia Stimulate) on both local tissue and systemic consequences, which are crucial from the perspective of long-term safety, in patients suffering from Hashimoto's disease. This most common autoimmune disease is a frequently mentioned contraindication to the use of fillers based on hyaluronic acid as well as biostimulants based on calcium hydroxyapatite. Broad-spectrum aspects of histopathology were analyzed to identify key features of inflammatory infiltration before the procedure and 5, 21, and 150 days after the procedure. A statistically significant effect on the reduction of the intensity of the inflammatory infiltration in the tissue in relation to the state before the procedure was demonstrated, combined with a reduction in the occurrence of both antigen-recognizing (CD4) and cytotoxic (CD8) T lymphocytes. With complete statistical certainty, it was demonstrated that the treatment with Neauvia Stimulate had no effect on the levels of these antibodies. All this corresponds with the risk analysis that showed no alarming symptoms during the time of observation. The choice of hyaluronic acid fillers cross-linked with polyethylene glycol should be considered justified and safe in the case of patients suffering from Hashimoto's disease

Aktywność fizyczna dziewcząt w okresie dojrzewania = Physical activity in girls at puberty

Pilewska–Kozak Anna B., Łepecka–Klusek Celina, Stadnicka Grażyna, Dobrowolska Beata, Pawłowska–Muc Agnieszka K., Kozak Łukasz A., Ulan Agnieszka, Wagner Emilia. Aktywność fizyczna dziewcząt w okresie dojrzewania = Physical activity in girls at puberty. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(9):305-316. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI10.5281/zenodo.30805http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.30805http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%289%29%3A305-316https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/623257Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja.Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie.Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r.The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014).© The Author (s) 2015;This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, PolandOpen Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercialuse, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.Received: 25.08.2015. Revised 05.09.2015. Accepted: 08.09.2015. Aktywność fizyczna dziewcząt w okresie dojrzewaniaPhysical activity in girls at puberty Anna B. Pilewska–Kozak1, Celina Łepecka–Klusek1, Grażyna Stadnicka2, Beata Dobrowolska3, Agnieszka K. Pawłowska–Muc4, Łukasz A. Kozak5, Agnieszka Ulan6, Emilia Wagner6 1Katedra i Klinika Ginekologii i Endokrynologii Ginekologicznej Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie2Samodzielna Pracownia Umiejętności Położniczych Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie3Katedra Rozwoju Pielęgniarstwa Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie4Ośrodek Kształcenia Podyplomowego Pielęgniarek i Położnych Radomski Szpital Specjalistyczny im. dr Tytusa Chałubińskiego w Radomiu5Oddział Chirurgii Urazowo – Ortopedycznej z Chirurgią Kręgosłupa, Samodzielny Publiczny Zakład Opieki Zdrowotnej w Puławach6Studentka III roku kierunku położnictwo, Studenckie Koło Naukowe przy Katedrze i Klinice Ginekologii i Endokrynologii Ginekologicznej, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie Streszczenie Wstęp         Sprawność fizyczna ukształtowana w wieku młodzieńczym ma swoje odzwierciedlenie w życiu dorosłym. Wpływa na ogólny dobrostan, na elastyczne przystosowywanie się do ról w życiu zawodowym, na równowagę emocjonalną i większą odporność na stres. Warunkuje odpowiedzialność, wytrwałość w dążeniu do wyznaczonych celów oraz zdyscyplinowanie, a także pozwala na podtrzymanie dobrej kondycji w wieku dojrzałym i w okresie starości.Cel pracy         Sprawdzenie, czy dziewczęta w okresie dojrzewania ćwiczą na lekcjach wychowania fizycznego i są aktywne ruchowo poza szkołą oraz czy ma to związek z miejscem ich zamieszkania.Materiał i metoda         Badaniami ankietowymi objęto 169 uczennic gimnazjów (80 mieszkających w mieście i 89 na wsi) w województwie lubelskim. Wiek dziewcząt wahał się w granicach od 11 lat do 17 lat (Mediana = 15 lat). Kryterium włączenia było wystąpienie menarche. Na prowadzenie badań uzyskano zgody Komisji Bioetycznej Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Lublinie nr KE-0254/224/2013 z dnia 26 września 2013r. oraz nr KE-0254/246/2013 z dnia 24 października 2013r.Wyniki badań         Większość uczennic, zarówno ze wsi, jak i z miasta (odpowiednio 66; 74.1% i 59; 73.8%), oświadczyła, że prowadzi aktywny tryb życia. Innych - analogicznie 10 (11.2%) i 8 (10.0%) było przeciwnego zdania, a co piąta (19; 21.3%) dziewczynka z terenów wiejskich i 13 (16,3%) z miejskich nie potrafiła tego ocenić. Regularne uczęszczanie na lekcje wychowania fizycznego potwierdziły 94 (55,6%) badane. Pozostałe oświadczyły, iż czynią to nieregularnie (68; 40.2%) lub mają zwolnienie lekarskie z tych zajęć (7; 4.1%).  Stwierdzono istotną statystycznie zależność między uczęszczaniem na lekcje wychowania fizycznego a miejscem zamieszkania uczennic (p<0,05), na korzyść mieszkanek miast, które częściej czyniły to regularnie. Ponadto stwierdzono istotne statystycznie zależności pomiędzy preferowanymi formami wypoczynku w okresie szkolnym i wakacyjnym (p<0,001). Różnice zarysowały się także, gdy wzięto pod uwagę miejsce zamieszkania badanych – w okresie zajęć szkolnych formy czynne istotnie częściej, niż bierne preferowały mieszkanki miast niż wsi (p=0.005), a w okresie wakacji odwrotnie (p<0.001).WnioskiWiele dziewcząt w okresie dojrzewania nie ćwiczy regularnie na lekcjach wychowania fizycznego, przy czym częściej mieszkanki wsi niż miast.Aktywne formy wypoczynku w okresie szkolnym preferują częściej mieszkanki miast niż wsi, a w okresie wakacji odwrotnie. Słowa kluczowe: aktywność fizyczna, dojrzewanie, dziewczęta. Summary Introduction         Fitness formed in adolescence is reflected in adulthood. It affects general wellbeing, flexibility to adapt to future roles in professional life, emotional balance and greater resistance to stress. It determines responsibility, persistent pursuit of targets and discipline, and also allows to maintain good health through adulthood and old age.Objective         To verify that girls at puberty do physical exercises at physical education (PE) classes and are physically active outside school, and to establish whether it is related to their place of residence.Material and Methods         The survey was conducted in 169 junior high school students, 80 living in the urban area and89 inthe rural region, aged 11 -17 years (median = 15 years) in The Lublin Province. The inclusion criterion was the occurrence of menarche. The  research was approved by the Bioethics Committee of the Medical University of Lublin No. KE-0254/224/2013 of 26 September 2013 and No. KE-0254/246/2013 of 24 October 2013.Results         Most of the students, both from the country as well as from the city (respectively 66, 74.1% and 59; 73.8%) admitted to leading an active lifestyle. The others, respectively 10 (11.2%) and 8 (10.0%) respondents were of the opposite opinion;  in the group of country girls, one girl in five (19; 21.3%), and 13 girls from the town group (16.3%) were unable to evaluate that. Regular attendance at PE classes was confirmed by 94 (55.6%) respondents. Others stated that they did not do it regularly (68; 40.2%) or were exempted from PE classes due to medical reasons (7; 4.1%). A statistically significant correlation between attending PE and place of residence of students was found (p <0.05) in favor of the inhabitants of the cities who more often did exercise regularly. In addition, statistically significant relationship was determined between preferred forms of rest during the school year and in the summer (p <0.001). Differences also emerged when the place of respondents’ residence was taken into account, i.e. in the period of school, the girls from towns preferred active forms to passive significantly more frequently in comparison to the girls from rural areas (p = 0.005); the situation reversed during the holiday period (p <0.001).ConclusionsMany girls at puberty do not exercise regularly at physical education classes, it is more frequent among the girls from rural regions compared to the girls living in town.During the period of school year, the girls living in urban areas more often prefer active forms of recreation compared to the girls from rural regions and the situation is reversed  during the holiday period. Key words: physical activity, girls, puberty

Impact of IL-28B polymorphisms on pegylated interferon plus ribavirin treatment response in children and adolescents infected with HCV genotypes 1 and 4

IL-28B polymorphisms are predictors of response to therapy in adults infected with hepatitis C. We do not know whether they are markers of response to therapy in children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to determine whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IL-28B gene could influence the probability of response to therapy compared with other known baseline prognostic factors and correlate with clinical findings in pediatric patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes 1 or 4. We determined three SNPs of IL-28B (rs12979860, rs12980275, and rs8099917) in 82 patients with chronic HCV infection treated with pegylated interferon alpha and ribavirin (peg-IFNα/RBV). Treatment response and clinical data were analyzed. Overall, sustained virological response (SVR) was achieved by 45 % of patients infected with difficult-to-treat HCV genotypes 1 and 4. Except for IL-28B polymorphisms, there was no association of SVR with any other clinical data. IL-28B rs12979860 CC [odds ratio (OR), 6.81; p = 0.001] and rs8099917 TT (OR, 3.14; p = 0.013) genotypes were associated with higher SVR rates. IL-28B rs12980275 was not significantly associated with SVR ( p = 0.058). Only the distribution between CC and CT-TT genotypes of rs12979860 significantly differentiated patients achieving early virological response (EVR) (OR, 10.0; p = 0.011). Children with the rs12979860 CC genotype had significantly higher baseline viral load compared with CT-TT patients ( p = 0.010). In children and adolescents chronically infected with HCV genotypes 1 and 4, IL-28B rs12979860 and rs8099917 polymorphisms were the only predictors of response to peg-IFN/RBV

Phase-space dependence of particle-ratio fluctuations in Pb+Pb collisions from 20A to 158A GeV beam energy

A novel approach, the identity method, was used for particle identification and the study of fluctuations of particle yield ratios in Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS). This procedure allows to unfold the moments of the unknown multiplicity distributions of protons (p), kaons (K), pions ($\pi$) and electrons (e). Using these moments the excitation function of the fluctuation measure $\nu_{\text{\text{dyn}}}$[A,B] was measured, with A and B denoting different particle types. The obtained energy dependence of $\nu_{\text{dyn}}$ agrees with previously published NA49 results on the related measure $\sigma_{\text{dyn}}$. Moreover, $\nu_{\text{dyn}}$ was found to depend on the phase space coverage for [K,p] and [K,$\pi$] pairs. This feature most likely explains the reported differences between measurements of NA49 and those of STAR in central Au+Au collisions

Production of deuterium, tritium, and 3^3He in central Pb+Pb collisions at 20A, 30A, 40A, 80A, and 158A GeV at the CERN SPS

Production of $d$, $t$, and $^3$He nuclei in central Pb+Pb interactions was studied at five collision energies ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 6.3, 7.6, 8.8, 12.3, and 17.3 GeV) with the NA49 detector at the CERN SPS. Transverse momentum spectra, rapidity distributions, and particle ratios were measured. Yields are compared to predictions of statistical models. Phase-space distributions of light nuclei are discussed and compared to those of protons in the context of a coalescence approach. The coalescence parameters $B_2$ and $B_3$, as well as coalescence radii for $d$ and $^3$He were determined as a function of transverse mass at all energies.Comment: 22 pages, 29 figures, 8 tables, for submission to Phys. Rev.

Measurements of π±\pi^\pm, K±^\pm, p and pˉ\bar{\textrm{p}} spectra in proton-proton interactions at 20, 31, 40, 80 and 158 GeV/c with the NA61/SHINE spectrometer at the CERN SPS

Measurements of inclusive spectra and mean multiplicities of $\pi^\pm$, K$^\pm$, p and $\bar{\textrm{p}}$ produced in inelastic p+p interactions at incident projectile momenta of 20, 31, 40, 80 and 158 GeV/c ($\sqrt{s} =$ 6.3, 7.7, 8.8, 12.3 and 17.3 GeV, respectively) were performed at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron using the large acceptance NA61/SHINE hadron spectrometer. Spectra are presented as function of rapidity and transverse momentum and are compared to predictions of current models. The measurements serve as the baseline in the NA61/SHINE study of the properties of the onset of deconfinement and search for the critical point of strongly interacting matter

Public perception and awareness of waste management from Benin City

Poor waste management is increasingly becoming a major challenge for municipalities, globally. Unlike previous waste management studies in Nigeria, this study examines the implications of waste management to regional greenhouse gas emissions based on awareness levels and perception of urban inhabitants. Benin City was divided into four residential zones: core, intermediate, suburban, and planned estates. Blocking was utilized to collect data from a total of 2720 randomly selected inhabitants through a self-administered survey. Results reveals low awareness level in terms of indiscrimination dumping of waste, thereby promoting sustainable mitigation and adaptation measures region-wide. It is imperative to integrate various aspects of regional government services such as infrastructure, urban planning and development, socioeconomics, public health, and regulation enforcement. Waste management policy is strengthened via working groups, community, and regional authorities