Struktur Kepemilikan, Mekanisme Tata Kelola Perusahaan, Dan Biaya Keagenan Di Indonesia (Studi Empirik Pada Perusahaan Di Bursa Efek Indonesia)

This study is to examine the effect of corporate governance (the owners\u27s character and thegovernance mechanism) on agency cost. This research shows that family ownership, financialinstitution ownership, government ownership, and foreign ownership have negative effects onagency cost that is proxied as managerial operation cost and or as assets turnover, compared topublic ownership. Furthermore, ownership concentration of at least 5 percent each is not provento effect the agency cost. Results of other examination show that the proportion of independentboard and the number of board meetings have negative effects to the agency cost that is proxiedas assets turnover. However, these two variables and the number of audit committee meetinghave the opposite effect to the agency cost when it is proxied as managerial operation cost.Theseinconsistencies are caused by the ineffective implementation of corporate governance mechanismin Indonesia even after 10 years of implementation

Correlated ab-initio calculations for ground-state properties of II-VI semiconductors

Correlated ab-initio ground-state calculations, using relativistic energy-consistent pseudopotentials, are performed for six II-VI semiconductors. Valence ($ns,np$) correlations are evaluated using the coupled cluster approach with single and double excitations. An incremental scheme is applied based on correlation contributions of localized bond orbitals and of pairs and triples of such bonds. In view of the high polarity of the bonds in II-VI compounds, we examine both, ionic and covalent embedding schemes for the calculation of individual bond increments. Also, a partitioning of the correlation energy according to local ionic increments is tested. Core-valence ($nsp,(n-1)d$) correlation effects are taken into account via a core-polarization potential. Combining the results at the correlated level with corresponding Hartree-Fock data we recover about 94% of the experimental cohesive energies; lattice constants are accurate to \sim 1%; bulk moduli are on average 10% too large compared with experiment.Comment: 10 pages, twocolumn, RevTex, 3 figures, accepted Phys. Rev.

Influence of electron correlations on ground-state properties of III-V semiconductors

Lattice constants and bulk moduli of eleven cubic III-V semiconductors are calculated using an ab initio scheme. Correlation contributions of the valence electrons, in particular, are determined using increments for localized bonds and for pairs and triples of such bonds; individual increments, in turn, are evaluated using the coupled cluster approach with single and double excitations. Core-valence correlation is taken into account by means of a core polarization potential. Combining the results at the correlated level with corresponding Hartree-Fock data, we obtain lattice constants which agree with experiment within an average error of -0.2%; bulk moduli are accurate to +4%. We discuss in detail the influence of the various correlation contributions on lattice constants and bulk moduli.Comment: 4 pages, Latex, no figures, Phys. Rev. B, accepte

Differences In Led Values In Dengue Fever Patients With Hemoconcentration And Not Hemoconcentration

Background: Patients with dengue fever with hemoconcentration will experience plasma tearing (loss of plasma protein) which will affect the value of the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (LED). Plasma proteins that play a role in influencing the value of the Sedimentation Rate (LED) are fibrinogen and globulins. An erythrocyte sedimentation (LED) examination measures the degree of erythrocyte deposition in a blood sample over a period of time. LEDs are sensitive but not specific tests. Purpose: To determine the difference in LED values of DHF patients with hemoconcentration and not hemoconcentration. Methods: Observational analytic, 30 samples with criteria for dengue fever patients with hemoconcentration and not hemoconcentration were examined at the Clinical Pathology Laboratory of Haji Hospital Surabaya in March - April 2019. The study used an independent t test with SPSS 16.0 program to determine whether there were differences in LED values in dengue fever patients with hemoconcentration and not hemoconsetration. Results: The results of the Independent t test showed that there were significant differences between the results of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate in patients with dengue fever with hemoconcentration and not hemoconsetration with Sig. (2-failed) of 0.00 (p <0.005). Conclusion: There are significant differences in sediment rate results with the Westergreen blood method in patients with dengue fever who experience hemoconcentration and who do not experience hemoconcentration

L'impact des prélèvements d'eau pour l'irrigation sur les régimes hydrologiques des sous-bassins du Tescou et de la Séoune (bassin Adour-Garonne, France)

Les besoins en eau pour l'irrigation des cultures des sous-bassins du Tescou et de la Séoune (Bassin Adour-Garonne) se sont considérablement accrus ces trente dernières années. Cela s'est manifesté, entre autres, par la création de très nombreuses retenues collinaires. Pour le sous-bassin du Tescou, aux crues rapides et peu volumineuses, on totalise 184 retenues individuelles dont le volume théorique cumulé s'élève à 4,3 Mm3 et qui interceptent environ un tiers (92 km2) de sa superficie (287 km2). Pour la Séoune, la pression due à l'usage de l'eau pour l'irrigation est un peu moins forte, compte tenu de sa taille (463 km2) et d'une ressource relativement abondante en hautes eaux. Près de 160 retenues collinaires sont dénombrées, elle représentent un volume de stockage théorique de 6,5 Mm3 pour une superficie interceptée d'environ un quart du sous-bassin (122 km2). Le suivi hydrométrique des sous-bassins permet de disposer pour chacun d'eux d'une chronique de débit influencée Q(t) sur une période d'observation d'environ 30 ans. A partir des débits observés, notre objectif a été d'identifier et de quantifier l'impact anthropique pour trois composantes du régime hydrologique : crue, module et étiage. L'approche saisonnière des crues et modules a permis une différenciation de l'impact anthropique selon les saisons "hiver" (mois 12 à 6) et "été" (mois 7 à 11). Cette saisonnalisation hydrologique reflète bien le mode de gestion actuel de la ressource en eau de ces sous-bassins agricoles : stockage l'hiver et irrigation à partir des retenues collinaires durant les premiers mois d'été. Pour identifier l'impact, nous avons fait usage de tests de détection de rupture de stationnarité des chroniques hydrologiques : de LANG (2004) pour les crues et d'une adaptation du test de BOIS (1986) pour les modules et étiages des sous-bassins. Pour ce qui concerne les crues d'été et les modules d'été les tests montrent que les chroniques sont stationnaires sur l'ensemble de la période d'observation. Pour les crues et les modules d'hiver par contre, les tests relèvent des ruptures de stationnarité des chroniques qui vont nous permettre de définir des sous-périodes stationnaires. Ces sous-périodes sont sensiblement cohérentes avec l'évolution des prélèvements théoriques cumulés de ces trente dernières années. L'analyse des ruptures de stationnarité menée sur les débits a été de même effectuée sur les pluies pour consolider nos résultats. La stationnarité des chroniques de pluie observées montre qu'il n'y a pas de composante climatique, autrement dit que la tendance détectée sur les débits est essentiellement d'origine anthropique. Il ne semble pas y avoir d'impact des éventuels pompages sur les débits d'étiage et tout particulièrement pour ce qui concerne la norme VCN30 "débit moyen minimum annuel sur 30 jours consécutifs" des deux sous-bassins. Finalement, l'usage de l'eau pour l'irrigation affecte essentiellement les crues et les modules de la saison hiver. Un essai de quantification de cette tendance a été menée à partir d'une analyse statistique associant les observations des sous-périodes stationnaires et les débits simulés pour une même référence pluviométrique. A partir des modélisations statistiques réalisées et des courbes de pression des besoins théoriques de l'irrigation, nous en avons déduit une tendance vraisemblable sur les quantiles de crue et les modules d'hiver. De manière générale, les crues de la saison hiver des deux sous-bassins sont fortement réduites en pointe et volume par l'ensemble des petites retenues. L'impact observé sur les quantiles de crue reste cohérent par rapport aux volumes théoriques prélevés dernièrement référencés. Les retenues collinaires sont sans action significative sur le temps de transfert (19j environ) du sous-bassin de la Séoune dont les crues sont volumineuses. Pour le Tescou par contre, aux crues rapides et peu volumineuses, le temps de transfert augmente sensiblement de 8h entre l'état de prélèvement zéro ("naturel" : 1,73j) et l'état actuel proche de 6 Mm3 (2,07j). Pour ce qui concerne les modules d'hiver des sous-bassins de la Séoune et du Tescou le coefficient d'écoulement moyen d'hiver diminue respectivement de 31% en moyenne et de 42% en moyenne entre l'état "naturel" et l'état anthropisé actuel. Cette diminution des coefficients d'écoulement est sans commune mesure avec les volumes théoriques stockés à partir des retenues collinaires. Autrement dit, les volumes théoriques des retenues collinaires ne peuvent expliquer à eux seuls la forte diminution des coefficients d'écoulement observés. Cependant, la cohérence des divers contrôles effectués, tant sur les chroniques observées que sur les modélisations effectuées, nous incitent à valider ces résultats. Ceux-ci devraient être retenus pour des objectifs de gestion immédiats ou ultérieurs de la ressource, si les conditions climatiques et d'occupation du sol n'évoluent guère.The water needs for farming irrigation in the Tescou and Séoune sub-basins (Basin Adour-Garonne) have increased considerably over the past thirty years. The needs were met, in part, by the creation of numerous reservoirs. For the Tescou catchment, with rapid but small-volume floods, we have 184 individual reservoirs with an accumulated theoretical volume of 4.3 Mm3, which intercept about a third (92 km2) of its surface (287 km2). For the Séoune catchment, the need for irrigation is a little less strong, considering its size (463 km2) and the presence of a relatively more abundant water resource. Close to 160 reservoirs can be counted, with a theoretical storage volume of 6.5 Mm3 for an intercepted surface of about a quarter of the sub-basin (122 km2). Hydrological monitoring data are available in the form of an influenced time series Q(t) with a period of observation of about 30 years for each sub-basin. From the observed discharges, our objective was to identify and to quantify anthropogenic impacts on three components of the hydrological regime: floods, annual mean discharge and low-flows. The seasonal approach of floods and annual mean discharges permitted a differentiation of the anthropogenic impact according to the "winter" (months 12 to 6) and "summer" (months 7 to 11) seasons. This approach reflects the present management of water in these agricultural sub-basins: storage in winter and irrigation during the first months of summer. To identify the impact, we used tests to detect stationnarity breaks in the time series: LANG (2004) for floods and an adaptation of BOIS (1986) for annual mean discharges and low-flows. For summer floods and summer annual mean discharges, the tests showed that the time series were stationary during the period of observation. For winter floods and winter annual mean discharges the tests showed stationnarity breaks in the time series, which allowed us to define the stationary sub-periods. These sub-periods were consistent with the evolution of the accumulated theoretical withdrawals during the last thirty years. The same analysis of stationnarity breaks made on flows was also done on rainfall to strengthen our results. The stationnarity of the rainfall observed over the time series shows that there is not a climatic component; in other words, the trends detected in the streamflow record are essentially of anthropogenic origin. For both sub-basins, the BOIS statistical test did not reveal any impact of possible pumping on the low-flows, and especially for the VCN30 norm (minimum annual mean flow over a period of 30 consecutive days).Finally, the use of water for irrigation essentially affects winter floods and annual mean discharges. A test to quantify this trend was carried out with a statistical analysis associating the observations of each stationary sub-period and the discharges simulated for a similar rainfall. From the resulting statistical models and the curves of pressure of theoretical irrigation requirements, we deduced a probable trend for the quantiles of winter floods and mean annual winter discharges. In a general way, winter floods in both sub-basins were strongly reduced in peak and volume by the set of the small reservoirs. The impact observed on the flood quantiles remains coherent in relation to the theoretical withdrawal volumes referenced above. The reservoirs are without significant action on the transfer time (approximately 19 days) in the Séoune sub-basin, where the floods are voluminous. On the other hand, for the Tescou sub-basin, with rapid and small-volume floods, the time of transfer increases considerably (8 h) between the state of zero withdrawal (natural: 1.73 days) and the present state close to 6 Mm3 (2.07 days). Concerning winter annual mean discharge in both sub-basins, the winter mean runoff coefficient decreased 31% and 42%, for the Séoune and Tescou sub-basins respectively, between the natural state and the present state. This reduction of the runoff coefficients does not correspond to the theoretical volumes stocked in the reservoirs. In other words, the theoretical volumes of the reservoirs cannot completely explain the observed strong reduction of the runoff coefficients. However, the consistency of the various controls, both on the observed time series and the modelled results, lend credibility to the overall results. These results should be taken into consideration in water management, if the climatic conditions and soil occupation don't change

Українці та румуни: багатолітній досвід життя поруч

Рец. на кн.: Рендюк Т.Г. Українці в Румунії та румуни в Україні: проблеми минулого та сучасне становище. – К., 2011. – 293 с

Pengaruh Mekanisme Tata Kelola Perusahaan dan Struktur Kepemilikan terhadap Struktur Modal (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada Tahun 2011-2013)

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of corporate governance mechanisms and ownership structure to capital structure. The dependent variable is capital structure which is proxied as debt ratio (DR). Independent variable are corporate governance mechanism which is proxied by size of the board of commissioners, size of the board of independent commissioners, size of the board of directors, size of the audit committee. Ownership structure which is proxied by managerial ownership and institutional ownership. This study was used secondary data from annual reports of manufacturing companies which were listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2011-2013. Samples were 40 manufacturing companies. This study used purposive sampling method and multiple linear regression as the analysis method. Before being conducted by regression test, it was examined by using the classical assumption tests. The results of this study indicate that the size of the board of commisioners, size of the board of independent commisioners, size of board committee, and institusional ownership did not have significant influence to the agency cost. The size of the board of directors and managerial ownership have significant influence to capital structure

Coherent control at its most fundamental: CEP-dependent electron localization in photodissoziation of a H2+ molecular ion beam target

Measurements and calculations of the absolute carrier-envelope phase (CEP) effects in the photodissociation of the simplest molecule, H2+, with a 4.5-fs Ti:Sapphire laser pulse at intensities up to (4 +- 2)x10^14 Watt/cm^2 are presented. Localization of the electron with respect to the two nuclei (during the dissociation process) is controlled via the CEP of the ultra-short laser pulses. In contrast to previous CEP-dependent experiments with neutral molecules, the dissociation of the molecular ions is not preceded by a photoionization process, which strongly influences the CEP dependence. Kinematically complete data is obtained by time- and position-resolved coincidence detection. The phase dependence is determined by a single-shot phase measurement correlated to the detection of the dissoziation fragments. The experimental results show quantitative agreement with ab inito 3D-TDSE calculations that include nuclear vibration and rotation.Comment: new version includes minore changes and adding the supp_material.pd