Avaliação e controlo do treino em futebol -Relatório de estágio profissionalizante realizado numa equipa na primeira liga portuguesa

Nas últimas décadas tem havido uma crescente preocupação com o controlo do treino em futebol. Esta preocupação é comprovada pelo aumento da investigação realizada sobre este tema, que foi igualmente suportada pela evolução científica e tecnológica. O controlo do treino centra-se em providenciar informações acerca da performance, do risco de lesão e dos processos de fadiga e de recuperação. O planeamento e periodização adequado das cargas de treino deverá otimizar a adaptação ao treino e a constante progressão do estado de forma dos atletas.O presente relatório de estágio foi realizado no âmbito do 2º Ciclo em Treino de Alto Rendimento Desportivo da Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto, na equipa de futebol profissional do Boavista Futebol Clube. O estagiário desempenhou as funções de fisiologista/recuperador físico, tendo como principais tarefas o Return to Play, as rotinas de prevenção de lesões e o controlo do treino.Para a monitorização do treino durante a época desportiva foram utilizados, a sRPE, a análise do tipo time-motion (obtida através da tecnologia de Global positioning system) e testes físicos. A sRPE revelou-se um método fiável e fácil de utilizar em todos os treinos e jogos, o que permitiu individualizar as cargas de treino; o time motion analysis permitiu caraterizar a carga externa dos treinos; os testes físicos foram realizados com pouca frequência, o que limitou a sua utilização quer para a otimização da performance, quer para a prevenção de lesões.Em concordância com a literatura, o estudo realizado durante o estágio permitiu perceber que a carga de treino ministrada ao longo de diferentes mesociclos é relativamente constante. Em cada microciclo, a carga de treino aumenta até ao terceiro dia de treino antes do jogo e diminui de forma pronunciada no último dia de treino antes do jogo. A sRPE apresentou uma correlação elevada com variáveis de distância percorrida em corrida rápida (entre 14,4 e 19,8km/h) e com o Player Load.In the last decades there has been a growing concern with the training load monitoring in football. This concern is confirmed by the increase in research carried out, which was also supported by scientific and technological developments. Load monitoring focuses on providing information about performance, about injury risk, about fatigue and recovery processes. The proper planning and periodization of training loads should optimize the training adaptation and the progression of the athletes' fitness status.The present probation report was carried out within the scope of the 2nd Cycle in High Performance Sports Training of the Faculty of Sport of the University of Porto, in the professional football team Boavista Futebol Clube. The intern performed the role of sport physiologist and physical recovery, with the main tasks being the Return to Play, the injury prevention routines and training load monitoring.For training load monitoring during the season were used, the sRPE, the time motion analysis (obtained through Global positioning system technology) and physical tests. The sRPE proved to be an reliable and easy-to-use method in all training and matches, also, made it possible to individualize training loads; the time motion analysis allowed to characterize the external training load; the physical tests were not performed with the required frequency, which limited their use for both performance enhancement and injury prevention.In agreement with the literature the study developed during the internship, showed that the ministered training load along different mesocycles is relatively constant. In each microcycle, the training load increases until the third day of training before a match and decreases sharply on the last training day before a match. The sRPE presented a high correlation with variables of distance traveled in fast running (between 14.4 and 19.8km/h) and with Player Load

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Hypoglycaemic and Antioxidant Properties of Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd Ex Mart. Extract Are Associated with Better Vascular Function of Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Oxidative stress is involved in the metabolic dysregulation of type 2 diabetes (DM2). Acrocomia aculeata (Aa) fruit pulp has been described for the treatment of several diseases, and recently we have proved that its leaves have phenolic compounds with a marked antioxidant effect. We aimed to assess whether they can improve metabolic, redox and vascular functions in DM2. Control Wistar (W-Ctrl) and non-obese type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK-Ctrl) rats were treated for 30 days with 200 mg.kg-1 aqueous extract of Aa (EA-Aa) (Wistar, W-EA-Aa/GK, GK-EA-Aa). EA-Aa was able to reduce fasting glycaemia and triglycerides of GK-EA-Aa by improving proteins related to glucose and lipid metabolism, such as GLUT-4, PPARγ, AMPK, and IR, when compared to GK-Ctrl. It also improved viability of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes exposed by H2O2. EA-Aa also increased the levels of catalase in the aorta and kidney, reduced oxidative stress and increased relaxation of the aorta in GK-treated rats in relation to GK-Ctrl, in addition to the protective effect against oxidative stress in HMVec-D cells. We proved the direct antioxidant potential of the chemical compounds of EA-Aa, the increase in antioxidant defences in a tissue-specific manner and hypoglycaemic properties, improving vascular function in type 2 diabetes. EA-Aa and its constituents may have a therapeutic potential for the treatment of DM2 complications.This work was supported by grants from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Fish Oil Supplementation Improves the Repeated-Bout Effect and Redox Balance in 20–30-Year-Old Men Submitted to Strength Training

Herein, we investigated the effect of fish oil supplementation combined with a strength-training protocol, for 6 weeks, on muscle damage induced by a single bout of strength exercise in untrained young men. Sixteen men were divided into two groups, supplemented or not with fish oil, and they were evaluated at the pre-training period and post-training period. We investigated changes before and 0, 24, and 48 h after a single hypertrophic exercise session. Creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and the redox imbalance were increased in response to the single-bout session of hypertrophic exercises at baseline (pre-training period) and decreased during the post-training period in the control group due to the repeated-bout effect (RBE). The fish oil supplementation exacerbated this reduction and improved the redox state. In summary, our findings demonstrate that, in untrained young men submitted to a strength-training protocol, fish oil supplementation is ideal for alleviating the muscle injury, inflammation, and redox imbalance induced by a single session of intense strength exercises, highlighting this supplementation as a beneficial strategy for young men that intend to engage in strength-training programs

Seminário de Dissertação (2024)

Página da disciplina de Seminário de Dissertação (MPPP, UFPE, 2022) Lista de participantes == https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1mrULe1y04yPxHUBaF50jhaM1OY8QYJ3zva4N4yvm198/edit#gid=

Ambulatory and hospitalized patients with suspected and confirmed mpox: an observational cohort study from BrazilResearch in context

Summary: Background: By October 30, 2022, 76,871 cases of mpox were reported worldwide, with 20,614 cases in Latin America. This study reports characteristics of a case series of suspected and confirmed mpox cases at a referral infectious diseases center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Methods: This was a single-center, prospective, observational cohort study that enrolled all patients with suspected mpox between June 12 and August 19, 2022. Mpox was confirmed by a PCR test. We compared characteristics of confirmed and non-confirmed cases, and among confirmed cases according to HIV status using distribution tests. Kernel estimation was used for exploratory spatial analysis. Findings: Of 342 individuals with suspected mpox, 208 (60.8%) were confirmed cases. Compared to non-confirmed cases, confirmed cases were more frequent among individuals aged 30–39 years, cisgender men (96.2% vs. 66.4%; p < 0.0001), reporting recent sexual intercourse (95.0% vs. 69.4%; p < 0.0001) and using PrEP (31.6% vs. 10.1%; p < 0.0001). HIV (53.2% vs. 20.2%; p < 0.0001), HCV (9.8% vs. 1.1%; p = 0.0046), syphilis (21.2% vs. 16.3%; p = 0.43) and other STIs (33.0% vs. 21.6%; p = 0.042) were more frequent among confirmed mpox cases. Confirmed cases presented more genital (77.3% vs. 39.8%; p < 0.0001) and anal lesions (33.1% vs. 11.5%; p < 0.0001), proctitis (37.1% vs. 13.3%; p < 0.0001) and systemic signs and symptoms (83.2% vs. 64.5%; p = 0.0003) than non-confirmed cases. Compared to confirmed mpox HIV-negative, HIV-positive individuals were older, had more HCV coinfection (15.2% vs. 3.7%; p = 0.011), anal lesions (45.7% vs. 20.5%; p < 0.001) and clinical features of proctitis (45.2% vs. 29.3%; p = 0.058). Interpretation: Mpox transmission in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, rapidly evolved into a local epidemic, with sexual contact playing a crucial role in its dynamics and high rates of coinfections with other STI. Preventive measures must address stigma and social vulnerabilities. Funding: Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (INI-Fiocruz)