A fuzzy logic recommendation system to support the design of cloud-edge data analysis in cyber-physical systems

The ongoing 4th industrial revolution is characterized by the digitization of industrial environments, mainly based on the use of Internet of Things, Cloud Computing and Artificial Intelligence (AI). Regarding AI, although data analysis has shown to be a key enabler of industrial Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) in the development of smart machines and products, the traditional Cloud-centric solutions are not suitable to attend the data and time-sensitive requirements. Complementary to Cloud, Edge Computing has been adopted to enable the data processing capabilities at or close to the physical components. However, defining which data analysis tasks should be deployed on Cloud and Edge computational layers is not straightforward. This work proposes a framework to guide engineers during the design phase to determine the best way to distribute the data analysis capabilities among computational layers, contributing for a lesser ad-hoc design of distributed data analysis in industrial CPS. Besides defining the guidelines to identify the data analysis requirements, the core contribution relies on a Fuzzy Logic recommendation system for suggesting the most suitable layer to deploy a given data analysis task. The proposed approach is validated in a smart machine testbed that requires the implementation of different data analysis tasks for its operation.This work was supported by FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia within the Project Scope: UIDB/05757/2020.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Vertical distribution of biotic pollination systems in cerrado sensu stricto in the Triangulo Mineiro, MG, Brazil)

(Vertical distribution of biotic pollination systems in cerrado sensu stricto in the Triangulo Mineiro, MG, Brazil). Several factors can influence the distribution of floral resources and pollination systems in ecosystems, such as climate, altitude, geographic region, fragmentation of natural areas and differences in floristic composition along the vertical stratification. This study aimed to evaluate the distribution of the vertical stratification of biotic pollination systems in cerrado (sensu stricto) fragments in the Triangulo Mineiro. There was no significant difference (chi(2)(0.05,9)=14.17; P = 0.12) in total plant species richness among fragments, nor in the species richness of each layer (trees, shrubs, herbs and lianas) and the shrub layer was the best represented. Likewise, there was no significant difference between fragments for the systems of pollination (chi(2)(0 05,21) =13.80; P = 0.8778). Pollination by bees was the most common, corresponding to 85% of species in each fragment. In relative terms, plants pollinated by bees were dominant in all strata, reaching 100% for the lianas in fragments 1, 3 and 4 and for the herbs in fragments 1 and 4. In this study, based on floristic composition and distribution of biotic pollination systems in the vertical stratification, we could define a vertical mosaic in the cerrado studied, which has implications for the sustainability of communities in the cerrado, as well as the horizontal mosaic of vegetation types

Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives as dual-target ligands: mitochondriotropic antioxidants and cholinesterase inhibitors

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial age-related disease associated with oxidative stress (OS) and impaired cholinergic transmission. Accordingly, targeting mitochondrial OS and restoring cholinergic transmission can be an effective therapeutic strategy toward AD. Herein, we report for the first time dual-target hydroxybenzoic acid (HBAc) derivatives acting as mitochondriotropic antioxidants and cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitors. The studies were performed with two mitochondriotropic antioxidants AntiOxBEN1 (catechol derivative), and AntiOxBEN2 (pyrogallol derivative) and compounds 15–18, which have longer spacers. Compounds AntiOxBEN1 and 15, with a shorter carbon chain spacer (six- and eight-carbon) were shown to be potent antioxidants and BChE inhibitors (IC50 = 85 ± 5 and 106 ± 5 nM, respectively), while compounds 17 and 18 with a 10-carbon chain were more effective AChE inhibitors (IC50 = 7.7 ± 0.4 and 7.2 ± 0.5 μM, respectively). Interestingly, molecular modeling data pointed toward bifunctional ChEs inhibitors. The most promising ChE inhibitors acted by a non-competitive mechanism. In general, with exception of compounds 15 and 17, no cytotoxic effects were observed in differentiated human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) cells, while Aβ-induced cytotoxicity was significantly prevented by the new dual-target HBAc derivatives. Overall, due to its BChE selectivity, favorable toxicological profile, neuroprotective activity and drug-like properties, which suggested blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, the mitochondriotropic antioxidant AntiOxBEN1 is considered a valid lead candidate for the development of dual acting drugs for AD and other mitochondrial OS-related diseases.This work was funded by FEDER funds through the Operational Programme Competitiveness Factors-COMPETE and national funds by FCT – Foundation for Science and Technology under research grants (QUI/UI0081/2013, NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000028 and PTDC/DTP-FTO/2433/2014, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016659, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440. CO (SFRH/BD/88773/2012), FC (SFRH/BPD/74491/2010), JT (PTDC/DTP-FTO/2433/2014 and NORTE-01-0145-FEDER000028) RA (PTDC/DTP-FTO/2433/2014) grants are supported by FCT, POPH, and QREN. The authors also thank the COST action CA15135 for supportS

MAIZE INBRED LINES PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION FOR YIELD AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC EFFICIENCY

The objective of this study was to demonstrate the potential of chlorophyllfluorescence parameters to characterize maize inbreds to photosynthesis efficiency, andto be used as tool for selection of genotypes under water and nitrogen stresses. Therewere measured chlorophyll content, electron transport rate (ETR) and CO2 assimilation(A) averages, at flowering. ETR and A showed strong correlation, and were able todiscriminate significantly two groups of inbred lines: a) inbred line G1; and, b) inbredlines G2 and G3. The higher photosynthetic capacity of inbred line G1 was explained byits greater carboxylation efficiency. Similar response was observed for total aerialphytomass and grain production. The results showed the nitrogen as being an importantfactor to maize yield, which can be monitored by chlorophyll content and photochemistryparameters of photosynthesis. ETR and (A) proved to be useful parameters to evaluatecontrasting genotypes, with or without water stress

Respostas heteróticas de acessos elites tropicais do Programa Latino Americano de Milho em cruzamento com testadores brasileiros

Little emphasis has been placed on identifying new sources of tropical maize germplasm that can be used in breeding programs. Additional information on the performance and heterotic classification of tropical germplasm is needed. This study was conducted to identify elite maize accessions from Latin America that could contribute to increase the level of heterosis with the best heterotic patterns of Brazil. Seventy-two elite accessions from the Latin American Maize Project (LAMP) were crossed with the testers BR 105 (flint kernel Suwan background) and BR 106 (dent kernel Tuxpeño background). The 72 crosses plus 9 checks were evaluated using a simple 9 × 9 lattice in four locations that represent one tropical region. The combined analysis showed highly significant differences among treatments for ear weight and the interaction treatment × location was also significant. With both testers better crosses for ear weight were identified in relation to the double cross BR 201 (commercial check). With the tester BR 105, the high parent heterosis ranged from --28% to 26%, the accessions SE 032 and PE 001 were selected for further work. With the tester BR 106, the high parent heterosis ranged from --35% to 17% and the accessions PE 011 and Pasco 14 were selected for further work. The selected accessions will be improved through recurrent selection schemes to increase yield and improve agronomic traits. Afterwards they can be exploited, within and between heterotic groups, to produce highly productive hybrid combinations, or used per se as improved maize varieties.Pouca ênfase tem sido dada na identificação de novas fontes de germoplama tropical que podem ser usadas em programas de melhoramento de milho. São necessárias informações adicionais sobre a performance e classificação heterótica de germoplasmas tropicais. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar acessos elite originados do Programa Latino Americano de Milho (LAMP) que poderiam contribuir para aumentar o nível de heterose com padrões heteróticos do Brasil. Setenta e dois acessos elites do LAMP foram cruzados com os testadores BR 105 (padrão heterótico flint) e BR 106 (padrão heterótico dentado). Os setenta e dois testcrosses, resultantes de cada cruzamento, e nove testemunhas foram avaliados em quatro locais. Utilizou-se o delineamento em látice simples 9 × 9. A análise combinada mostrou diferença significativa entre tratamentos para o caráter peso de espigas sendo também significativa a interação tratamentos × locais. Foram identificados, com ambos os testadores, cruzamentos mais produtivos que o híbrido duplo BR 201 (testemunha comercial). Com a variedade BR 105, a heterose em relação ao pai superior variou de --28% a 26% e os acessos SE 032 e PE 001 foram selecionados para melhoramento. Com a variedade BR 106, a heterose em relação ao pai superior variou de --35% a 17% e os acesses PE 011 e Pasco 14 foram selecionados para posteriores trabalhos de melhoramento. Os acessos selecionados serão melhorados através de esquemas de seleção recorrente para produção e características agronômicas. Estes acessos podem ser explorados, dentro e entre os grupos heteróticos, para produzir combinações híbridas ou para serem usados como variedades melhoradas de milho

Yield stability of maize germoplasm evaluated in several regions of Brazil

Este trabalho teve por objetivo obter informações quanto aos aspectos relacionados aos padrões de respostas apresentados por 30 diferentes genótipos de milho (híbridos, cultivares e populações), avaliados em 14 diferentes ambientes do Brasil, no ano agrícola de 1995/96. Foram obtidas as estimativas dos parâmetros de estabilidade da produção de espigas despalhadas. Os genótipos estudados apresentaram comportamento diferenciado quanto à adaptabilidade da produção. Os híbridos foram mais adaptados que as cultivares e populações. O híbrido triplo P 3041 foi o mais produtivo, porém de baixa previsibilidade e estabilidade nos ambientes estudados. As cultivares CMS 50 e BR 106 apresentaram a primeira e a quinta melhores produções, respectivamente, entre as cultivares estudadas, porém não foram muito resistentes ao baixo nível tecnológico. Foi possível identificar genótipos promissores para utilização de imediato e em programas de melhoramento.The objective of this work was the obtention of information on the response pattern of 30 maize genotypes in 14 environments of Brazil in 1995/96. The stability parameters of ear yield were estimated. All the genotypes varied for yield adaptability. The three-way cross P 3041 presented the best yield and showed low stability to a deterioration on environmental variations. The open pollinated materials cmS 50 and BR 106 were, respectively, the first and fifth best yieldings among all the studied maize genotypes, with low adaptation on unfavorable environments. The identification of promising maize genotype was possible for immediate utilization and as a source of germplasm in breeding programs

Genetic parameters estimatives in CMS-42 and CMS-43 popcorn populations

Com os objetivos de elevar a frequência de alelos favoráveis e estimar os parâmetros genéticos e fenotípicos de algumas características agronômicas, as populações de milho pipoca CMS-42 e CMS-43 foram submetidas ao 2º ciclo de seleção entre e dentro de progênies de meios irmãos. Avaliaram-se 196 progênies de cada população, em látice simples 14 x 14, tendo como testemunhas os respectivos ciclos anteriores. O espaçamento utilizado foi de 1,0 x 0,20, para parcelas de 5,0 m com 25 plantas. Embora se tenha dado maior importância à capacidade de expansão (CE), as médias das progênies selecionadas evidenciaram a possibilidade de obtenção de materiais superiores também quanto à produtividade. A CMS-43, de maneira geral, apresentou maior variabilidade que a CMS-42, refletida num maior componente da variância genética aditiva. As médias da CE na testemunha, no ensaio e nas progênies selecionadas foram: 14,62, 15,21 e 19,65 para a CMS-42, e 16,07, 16,85 e 22,31 para a CMS-43, respectivamente. Os coeficientes de herdabilidade no sentido restrito em progênies de meios irmãos (h2p), quanto à CE, foram da ordem de 60%, com uma expectativa de ganho com a seleção entre progênies de 16,80% para a CMS-42, e de 19,12% para a CMS-43.The popcorn maize populations CMS-42 and CMS-43 were undergone to the second selection cycle among and within half-sib families. The objectives were to increase the favorable allele frequencies and to estimate the genetics and phenotypics parameters from some agronomic traits. It was used an 14 x 14 simple lattice field design with 196 treatments. The former selection cycles were used as intercalar check. Plots consisted of one 5 m row with a plant density of 50,000 pl/ha. Although more importance was given to popping expansion, the mean values from the selected families showed the possibility to obtain high productivity with these populations. CMS-43 showed greater variability than CMS-42 as could be seen by the greater additive genetic variance component in CMS-43 than in CMS-42. The mean values for popping capacity were 14.62%, 15.21% and 19.65% for the checks, families and selected progenies, respectively with the population CMS-42, and 16.07%, 16.85% and 22.31%, respectively, for CMS-43. For both populations, the narrow sense heritability for popping expansion was 60% and the estimated gain with selection among families was 16.80% for CMS-42 and 19.12% for CMS-43