INDUCTION OF AUTOPHAGY IN HUMAN CERVICAL CANCER CELL LINE (SIHA) BY CHAETOMORPHA LINUM (MULLER) KÃœTZ.

Objective: Algae is a rich source of various metabolites. Use of algae in traditional medicine was reported from very early days. The potential anticancerous activity of the algae was also reported by recent researches. In the present study, cell death mechanism induced by green alga Chaetomorpha linum (Muller) Kütz. was studied on human cervical cancer cell line, SiHa (Human papilloma virus-HPV 16+ve).Methods: Cells were treated with chloroform fraction of the Chaetomorpha linum (CLC). DNA fragmentation, cell proliferation, nuclear morphology, localization of autophagosomes and expression of relevant proteins were studied. Cell cycle and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were assessed by fluorescence assisted cell sorting (FACS). Gas chromatography liquid spectrometry (GCMS) analysis of CLC was done to detect the algal compounds.Results: Preliminary experiments confirmed the absence of DNA fragmentation and altered nuclear morphology in the treated cells. In the Acridine Orange stained cells, the presence of autophagosomes was observed by both microscopy and FACS analysis. Decreased MMP was observed in the treated sets. Wound healing assay showed the inhibitory activity of CLC on SiHa cells. Increased expression of autophagic proteins, viz; LC3BII, p62/SQSTM, Beclin-1 and decreased expression of S6 were observed in the treated sets; indicating that autophagic cell death was induced. Preliminary qualitative chemical study and GCMS analysis detected the presence of saponins, glycosides, alkaloids, phenols, steroids and fatty acids in CLC.Conclusion: All these findings clearly suggested that the chloroform fraction of the algae was responsible for induction of apoptosis followed by autophagic cell death in SiHa and can serve as a potential candidate for anticancer drug development in future

Application and Effectiveness of Immunostimulants, Probiotics, and Prebiotics in Aquaculture: A Review

Immunostimulants, also called immunomodulators, adjuvants, or biological response modifiers, stimulate the immune system. They can be administered in the form of drugs or nutrients. Probiotics are organisms or substances that improve the intestinal microbial balance of a host animal. Prebiotics are indigestible components in a diet that are metabolized by specific microorganisms and prove helpful for the growth and health of the host. When provided as dietary supplements in feeds, even in small quantities, immunostimulants, probiotics, and prebiotics usually improve immunity, feed efficiency, and growth performance of crustaceans and fishes. The use of immunostimulants, probiotics, and prebiotics in aquaculture are presented in this review

HUBUNGAN ANTARA KELELAHAN KERJA DENGAN STRES KERJA PADA PETUGAS KARCIS PARKIR KAWASAN MEGA MAS KOTA MANADO

Stres merupakan suatu keadaan yang menekan diri dan jiwa seseorang, diluar batas kemampuannya sehingga jika dibiarkan tanpa ada solusi maka akan berdampak pada kesehatannya. Stres kerja dapat menimbulkan berbagai konsekuensi pada pekerja baik secara fisiologis, psikologis dan perilaku. Stres yang dialami secara terus-menerus dan tidak terkendali dapat menyebabkan terjadinya burnout. Bagi organisasi, stres ditempat kerja dapat berakibat pada rendahnya kepuasan kerja, kurangnya komitmen terhadap organisasi, terhambatnya pembentukan emosi positif, pengambilan keputusan yang buruk, rendahnya kinerja dan pada akhirnya bisa menyebabkan terjadinya kerugian finansial yang tidak sedikit jumlahnya. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu untuk  mengetahui hubungan antara kelelahan kerja dengan stres kerja pada petugas karcis parkir kawasan mega mas Kota Manado. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian survei analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu total populasi yang berjumlah 77 petugas. Hasil analisis statistik menggunakan Uji Pearson, di dapatkan nilai p-value = 0,000 (p-value ≤0,05) dan nilai r = 0,407 atau korelasi sedang dengan arah hubungan positif (+). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu terdapat hubungan antara kelelahan kerja dengan stres kerja pada petugas karcis parkir dimana semakin tinggi skor kelelahan kerja maka akan semakin tinggi skor stres kerja. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini maka petugas karcis agar dapat memperhatikan kesehatannya dan memanfaatan waktu istirahat semaksimal mungkin, menjaga pola makan, dan latihan fisik yang sesuai bagi petugas karcis, terutama bila melakukan pekerjaan dengan keadaan posisi duduk, dalam jangka waktu yang cukup lama. Kata Kunci: Potong Lintang, Petugas Karcis, Mega Mas ABSTRACTStress is a condition that suppresses oneself and one's soul, beyond the limits of his ability so that if left without a solution it will have an impact on his health. Job stress can have various consequences on workers both physiologically, psychologically and behaviorally. Stress experienced continuously and uncontrollably can cause burnout. For organizations, stress in the workplace can result in low job satisfaction, lack of commitment to the organization, inhibition of the formation of positive emotions, poor decision making, low performance and ultimately can cause financial losses that are not small in number. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between work fatigue and work stress in parking attendants in the mega mas area of Manado City. This research is an analytical survey research with cross sectional study approach. The sample in this study is a total population of 77 officers. The results of statistical analysis using the Pearson Test, obtained p-value = 0,000 (p-value ,00.05) and r = 0.407 or moderate correlation with the direction of a positive relationship (+). The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between work fatigue with work stress on parking ticket officers where the higher the work fatigue score, the higher the job stress score. Based on the results of this study, ticket officials should be able to pay attention to their health and take maximum rest time, maintain proper eating patterns, and physical exercise for ticket officers, especially when doing work in a sitting position, for long periods of time.                                                                                                                           Keywords: Cross-sectional, Parking ticket officer, Mega Ma

NRF2 promotes urothelial cell response to bacterial infection by regulating reactive oxygen species and RAB27B expression

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) cause urinary tract infections (UTIs) by invading urothelial cells. In response, the host mounts an inflammatory response to expel bacteria. Here, we show that the NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathway is activated in response to UPEC-triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. We demonstrate the molecular sequence of events wherein NRF2 activation in urothelial cells reduces ROS production, inflammation, and cell death, promotes UPEC expulsion, and reduces the bacterial load. In contrast, loss of NRF2 leads to increased ROS production, bacterial burden, and inflammation, both in vitro and in vivo. NRF2 promotes UPEC expulsion by regulating transcription of the RAB-GTPase RAB27B. Finally, dimethyl fumarate, a US Food and Administration-approved NRF2 inducer, reduces the inflammatory response, increases RAB27B expression, and lowers bacterial burden in urothelial cells and in a mouse UTI model. Our findings elucidate mechanisms underlying the host response to UPEC and provide a potential strategy to combat UTIs

Substantial Impact of Precipitants and Dispersant on the Structural and Optical Properties of CeO2 Nanoparticles

Cerium oxide nanoparticles are prepared by simple precipitation method with various precipitants. The prepared samples are analyzed by XRD, FT-IR and PL. XRD confirms the occurrence of single-phase polycrystalline cubic fluorite structure with dominant orientation along (111) direction. The sharp band at 1415 cm-1 originated from –CH3 deformation and –CH2 scissoring vibrations of PVP, also A strong band at 848 and 400 cm-1 due to the envelope of the phonon band of the metal oxide (Ce-O) network obtained from FT-IR spectra. PL spectra exhibit the presence of strong blue and weak blue-green emission in the visible region. Additions of PVP strongly distress the peaks intensity of the samples

Evaluation of Smartphone-based interaction techniques in a CAVE in the context of immersive digital project review

Immersive digital project reviews consist in using virtual reality (VR) as a tool for discussion between various stakeholders of a project. In the automotive industry, the digital car prototype model is the common thread that binds them. It is used during immersive digital project reviews between designers, engineers, ergonomists, etc. The digital mockup is also used to assess future car architecture, habitability or perceived quality requirements with the aim to reduce using physical mockups for optimized cost, delay and quality efficiency. Among the difficulties identified by the users, handling the mockup is a major one. Inspired by current uses of nomad devices (multi-touch gestures, IPhone UI look’n’feel and AR applications), we designed a navigation technique taking advantage of these popular input devices: Space scrolling allows moving around the mockup. In this paper, we present the results of a study we conducted on the usability and acceptability of the proposed smartphone-based interaction metaphor compared to traditional technique and we provide indications of the most efficient choices for different use-cases accordingly. It was carried out in a traditional 4-sided CAVE and its purpose is to assess a chosen set of interaction techniques to be implemented in Renault’s new 5-sides 4K x 4K wall high performance CAVE. The proposed new metaphor using nomad devices is well accepted by novice VR users and future implementation should allow an efficient industrial use. Their use is an easy and user friendly alternative of the existing traditional control devices such as a joystick

Microwave-convective hot air and vacuum drying of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels seeds and its effect on total phenolics content, vitamin C and antioxidant activity

Seeds of (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) are rich in medicinal values. In this work, the effect of drying on its total phenolics content (TPC), vitamin C (vit C) and antioxidant activity (AA) was studied. Seeds were dried at 60, 70, 80, and 100 °C using both microwave-convective hot air drying (MCD) at 1, 2, and 3 W/g, keeping air velocity fixed at 0.5 m/s, and vacuum drying (VD) at 60, 160, and 260 mm Hg. Dried seeds were powdered and evaluated. Statistically, MCD at 60 °C, 2 W/g was selected as the best drying method and condition that retained the highest functional properties. Compared to fresh seed powder, this drying condition retained 82% of TPC and ≈ 34% vit C and increased AA by about 52%. The drying curve at 60 °C, 2 W/g was fitted to four different mathematical models, viz., Lewis, Page, Henderson and Pabis, and Logarithmic. Logarithmic model was found to be best suited for characterising the drying profile. The final product was non-hygroscopic and free-flowing with a negligible degree of caking

Microwave-convective hot air and vacuum drying of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels seeds and its effect on total phenolics content, vitamin C and antioxidant activity

136-144Seeds of (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) are rich in medicinal values. In this work, the effect of drying on its total phenolics content (TPC), vitamin C (vit C) and antioxidant activity (AA) was studied. Seeds were dried at 60, 70, 80, and 100 °C using both microwave-convective hot air drying (MCD) at 1, 2, and 3 W/g, keeping air velocity fixed at 0.5 m/s, and vacuum drying (VD) at 60, 160, and 260 mm Hg. Dried seeds were powdered and evaluated. Statistically, MCD at 60 °C, 2 W/g was selected as the best drying method and condition that retained the highest functional properties. Compared to fresh seed powder, this drying condition retained 82% of TPC and ≈ 34% vit C and increased AA by about 52%. The drying curve at 60 °C, 2 W/g was fitted to four different mathematical models, viz., Lewis, Page, Henderson and Pabis, and Logarithmic. Logarithmic model was found to be best suited for characterising the drying profile. The final product was non-hygroscopic and free-flowing with a negligible degree of caking

Evaluación del contenido microbiológico y cuantificación de plomo en pinturas faciales infantiles obtenidas en el Mercado Central de Lima. Setiembre 2015

Evalúa el contenido microbiológico y la concentración de plomo en pinturas faciales infantiles obtenidas en el Mercado Central de Lima. Para realizar esta investigación se recolectan 25 muestras de 5 marcas de gran aceptación en el mercado nacional. El análisis microbiológico se realiza mediante las técnicas estandarizadas del Manual de Bacteriología Analítica (BAM) de la FDA. A partir de los resultados obtenidos, se observa que 21 muestras cumplen con el límite máximo permisible para recuento de mesófilos aerobios totales que señala la Comisión Europea (2 x 102 UFC/g) mientras que las cuatro muestras restantes muestran resultados que incumplen esta especificación (2,5 x 102 UFC/g; 2,5 x 102 UFC/g; 3 x 102 UFC/g y 8 x 102 UFC/g). Por otro lado, el total de muestras cumplen con el límite de aceptabilidad para recuento de mohos y levaduras (102 UFC/g - Reglamento Técnico Centroamericano RTC 71.03.45:07) y para identificación de microorganismos patógenos como Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli y Candida albicans. La evaluación del contenido de plomo se realiza mediante Espectroscopía de Absorción Atómica en Horno de Grafito y se encuemntra una media de 5,7944 ppm con cifras extremas de 1,2 ppm y 47,88 ppm. Del análisis realizado, se concluye que 12 % de las muestras no cumplen con el límite máximo permisible para plomo (10 ppm, según FDA en diciembre 2016).Tesi

Promoting ethical behaviour and preventing wrongdoing in organisations: A rapid evidence assessment

This Rapid Evidence Assessment (REA), based on 57 studies carried out in policing and other professions, aimed to identify interventions, mechanisms and levers that might encourage ethical behaviour and prevent wrongdoing in organisations. Taken together, the evidence raises a number of possibilities for organisations for action, though no readymade single solution was identified. The importance of strong and effective leadership – such as leaders being open, acting as role models, and also being ‘firm’ in terms of setting and enforcing standards – was highlighted as encouraging ethical behaviour, as well as being an essential ingredient for the successful implementation of interventions. Promising interventions tended to be broadly preventive or remedial in their approach, rather than focused on apprehending and disciplining those responsible for wrongdoing