Opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome associated with chikungunya and dengue virus co-infection

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2018-09-19T16:55:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Rosario MS Opsoclonus-Myoclonus-Ataxia Syndrome....pdf: 514736 bytes, checksum: 2d645cdbe4121ce8c8d637e1a2c7ed2d (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2018-09-19T17:27:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Rosario MS Opsoclonus-Myoclonus-Ataxia Syndrome....pdf: 514736 bytes, checksum: 2d645cdbe4121ce8c8d637e1a2c7ed2d (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-19T17:27:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rosario MS Opsoclonus-Myoclonus-Ataxia Syndrome....pdf: 514736 bytes, checksum: 2d645cdbe4121ce8c8d637e1a2c7ed2d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018 CNPq-National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (302584/2015-3) and MCTI-Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation/FINEP–Funding Authority for Studies and Projects/FNDCT–National Fund for the Development of Science and Technology (04160060-00/2016) Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Secretaria Estadual da Saúde da Bahia. Hospital Geral Roberto Santos. Salvador, BA, Brasil Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / University of Rome Tor Vergata. Rome, Italy Secretaria Estadual da Saúde da Bahia. Hospital Geral Roberto Santos. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Universidade Federal da Bahia. Faculdade de Medicina. Salvador, BA, Brasil Secretaria Estadual da Saúde da Bahia. Hospital Geral Roberto Santos. Salvador, BA, Brasil University of Oxford. Department of Zoology. Oxford, UK Instituto Evandro Chagas. Centro de Tecnologia e Inovação. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil Instituto Evandro Chagas. Centro de Tecnologia e Inovação. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil Instituto Evandro Chagas. Centro de Tecnologia e Inovação. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil Opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome (OMAS) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by irregular multidirectional eye movements, myoclonus, cerebellar ataxia, sleep disturbances, and cognitive dysfunction. Although most commonly related to paraneoplastic syndrome, this condition has occasionally been described following infectious illnesses. This article reports the first case of OMAS in association with chikungunya and dengue virus co-infection. The genetic analysis identified chikungunya virus of East/Central/South African genotype and dengue serotype 4 virus of genotype II. This report represents an unusual clinical syndrome associated with viral co-infection and reinforces the need for clinical vigilance with regard to neurological syndromes in the context of emergent arboviruses

Genomic characterization of orthobunyavirus of veterinary importance in America

During 2013, in Argentina, three new isolates of serogroup Bunyamwera virus (genus Orthobunyavirus, family Peribunyaviridae)were recovered from two horses with encephalitis, and from an aborted equine fetus. In the present study, we report the complete genome sequence, genetic characterization, and phylogenetic analysis of three new strains isolated in Argentina to clarifying their relationship within the Bunyamwera serogroup virus and to investigate the evolutionary history of viruses with segmented genomes.Fil: Tauro, Laura Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Virología Dr. J. M. Vanella; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: de Souza, William Marciel. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Rivarola, María Elisa. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Laboratorio de Arbovirus y Arenovirus; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: de Oliveira, Rodrigo. Instituto Evandro Chagas; BrasilFil: Konigheim, Brenda Salome. Universidad Nacional de Cordoba. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Virología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Patroca Silva, Sandro. Instituto Evandro Chagas; BrasilFil: Lima, Clayton. Instituto Evandro Chagas; BrasilFil: Oliveira, Layanna. Instituto Evandro Chagas; BrasilFil: Vasconcelos, Janaina M.. Instituto Evandro Chagas; BrasilFil: Ferreira Cardoso, Jedson. Instituto Evandro Chagas; BrasilFil: Vianez Júnior, João Lídio. Instituto Evandro Chagas; BrasilFil: Teixeira Nunes, Márcio Roberto. Instituto Evandro Chagas; BrasilFil: Contigiani de Minio, Marta Silvia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Virología Dr. J. M. Vanella; Argentin

Phylogenomic Perspective on a Unique Mycobacterium bovis Clade Dominating Bovine Tuberculosis Infections among Cattle and Buffalos in Northern Brazil.

Lack of routine surveillance in countries endemic for bovine tuberculosis (TB) and limited laboratory support contributes to the inability to differentiate the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex species, leading to an underestimated burden of the disease. Here, Whole-Genome Sequencing of Mycobacterium bovis isolated from tissues with TB-like lesions obtained from cattle and buffalos at Marajó Island, Brazil, demonstrates that recent transmission of M. bovis is ongoing at distinct sites. Moreover, the M. bovis epidemiology in this setting is herein found to be dominated by an endemic and unique clade composed of strains evolved from a common ancestor that are now genetically differentiated from other M. bovis clades. Additionally, envisioning a rapid strain differentiation and tracing across multiple settings, 28 globally validated strain-specific SNPs were identified, three of which considered as robust markers for the M. bovis Marajó strain. In conclusion, this study contributes with data regarding the identification of a novel M. bovis phylogenetic clade responsible for ongoing transmission events in both cattle and buffalo species in Brazil, provides a framework to investigate the dissemination of this highly prevalent strain and, holds the potential to inform TB control strategies that may help to prevent the spread of bovine and zoonotic TB

Characterization of the Gamboa virus serogroup (Orthobunyavirus genus, Peribunyaviridae family)

Comprehensive comparative phylogenetic analyses were performed on 17 Gamboa serogroup viruses (GAMSVs) from distinct geographic regions in the Americas and other representative members of the genus Orthobunyavirus (Peribunyaviridae), based on small (S), medium (M), and large (L) open reading frame full-length and partial sequences. Genome characterization showed that the GAMSVs divide into four clades or genotypes. The GAMSVs have a genetic organization similar to other orthobunyaviruses, except that they have a larger NSm protein than other orthobunyaviruses. A serosurvey for Gamboa virus antibodies was performed in plasma from birds, other wild animals, and humans living around the Tucuruí hydroelectric dam in Pará state, northern Brazil, a known focus of GAMSV activity. Newborn chicks (Gallus gallus domesticus) were experimentally infected with a GAMSV, and the pathogenesis is described. Histopathological changes were primarily in the lungs and liver. Also, a review of the ecology of the GAMSVs in the Americas is included. In sum, this study presents the genomic and evolutionary characterization of the Gamboa group and the potential model of pathogenesis, which would be helpful for diagnostic purposes, epidemiology, and immunopathogenesis studies

Natural infection of Aedes aegypti by Chikungunya and Dengue type 2 Virus in a transition area of north-northeast Brazil

Dengue fever, chikungunya, and Zika are diseases caused by viruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. In Brazil, the number of human infections is high, but few studies are performed in mosquito vectors. This study aimed to investigate the presence of Zika, Dengue and Chikungunya viruses in Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus from the municipalities of Alto Alegre, Caxias, Codó, and São Mateus do Maranhão, located in the state of Maranhão, Northeast Brazil. The mosquitoes were collected with a mechanical aspirator, identified, triturated, and then submitted to RNA extraction and RT-qPCR. The positive samples were confirmed by virus isolation and genome sequencing. Three hundred and forty-eight Ae. aegypti (176 males and 172 females) and 12 Ae. albopictus (eight males and four females) were collected and tested. Ae. aegypti was the only vector positive in two municipalities-Codó, with detection of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) belonging to the East-Central-South African genotype, and in Caxias, with detection of Dengue virus (DENV)-2 belonging to the Asian/American genotype. The detection of CHIKV and DENV-2 is evidence that those viruses are maintained in arthropod vectors, and shows the epidemiological risk in the area for chikungunya cases and a possible increase of severe dengue cases, associated with the occurrence of dengue hemorrhagic fever. © 2019 by the authors

Phylogenetic analysis of rabies surveillance samples from north and northeast Brazil

Viruses of the Lyssavirus genus are classified into several genotypes (GT1 to GT7), of which only GT1 (classic rabies virus—RABV) has a cosmopolitan distribution and circulates in Brazil. GT1 is subdivided into several antigenic variants (AgV) maintained in independent cycles with a narrow host range and distinct geographic distributions, namely, AgV1 and AgV2 found in dogs, AgV3 in the vampire bats Desmodus rotundus, and AgV4 and AgV6 in bats non-hematophagous Tadarida brasiliensis and Lasiurus cinereus, a common variant of marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), and crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous). In this study, we performed phylogenetic analysis to identify at the antigenic variant level; six RABV genomes derived from the Rabies Surveillance in the north and northeast regions of Brazil. The analysis resulted in the formation of 11 monophyletic clusters, each corresponding to a particular variant, with high bootstrap support values. The samples were positioned inside the AgV3, AgV6, and Callithrix variant clades. This is the first report of the AgV6 variant found in northern Brazil, which provides valuable information for rabies surveillance in the country. The possibility of viral spillover has been much debated, as it deals with the risk of shifting transmission from a primary to a secondary host. However, more genomic surveillance studies should be performed, with a greater number and diversity of samples to better understand the transmission dynamics of each variant to detect changes in its geographic distribution and spillover events

Genomic epidemiology unveils the dynamics and spatial corridor behind the Yellow Fever virus outbreak in Southern Brazil

Despite the considerable morbidity and mortality of yellow fever virus (YFV) infections in Brazil, our understanding of disease outbreaks is hampered by limited viral genomic data. Here, through a combination of phylogenetic and epidemiological models, we reconstructed the recent transmission history of YFV within different epidemic seasons in Brazil. A suitability index based on the highly domesticated Aedes aegypti was able to capture the seasonality of reported human infections. Spatial modeling revealed spatial hotspots with both past reporting and low vaccination coverage, which coincided with many of the largest urban centers in the Southeast. Phylodynamic analysis unraveled the circulation of three distinct lineages and provided proof of the directionality of a known spatial corridor that connects the endemic North with the extra-Amazonian basin. This study illustrates that genomics linked with eco-epidemiology can provide new insights into the landscape of YFV transmission, augmenting traditional approaches to infectious disease surveillance and control

Molecular Characterization Of Capim And Enseada Orthobunyaviruses

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Capim and Enseada viruses are members of the genus Orthobunyavirus isolated from mosquitoes and mammals in Brazil. Despite seroprevalence studies indicating human infections in Latin America, these viruses remain relatively unknown and unstudied. In order to better understand the genetic and evolutionary relationships among orthobunyaviruses, we sequenced the three genomic segments of Capim and Enseada orthobunyaviruses. Based on phylogenetic analysis, we demonstrated that these viruses depicted two new distinct clades, one represented by Enseada and another composed of Capim virus. In general, the genome organization and genetic traits of these viruses are similar to other orthobunyaviruses however, the open reading frame (ORF) of the putative nonstructural NSs protein of Enseada orthobunyavirus precedes the nucleocapsid ORF. Overall, our study provides details on the molecular characteristics of the prototype species of two groups within the Orthobunyavirus genus, revealing novel features into the genetic diversity and evolution of this genus. (c) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.404753Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo, Brazil [13/14929-1, 14/02438-6, 12/24150-9, 15/05778-5, 14/20851-8]CNPq [302032/2011-8, 200024/2015-9]CNPq 1B senior fellowship [301677/2013-1]Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Detecção do gene mecA em Staphylococcus sp. isolados da pele de cão com dermatite atópica e piodermite de repetição

A dermatite atópica canina (DAC) é uma afecção cutânea multifatorial, alérgica e inflamatória, com predisposição genética e manifestada por sinais clínicos característicos, e está geralmente associada à produção de anticorpos IgE específicos, principalmente contra alérgenos ambientais. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar a ocorrência do gene mecA em um isolado de Staphylococcus sp. de um cão com dermatite atópica canina e pioderma recorrente. A amostra clínica foi coletada para cultura e análise de susceptibilidade antimicrobiana, submetendo-se o Staphylococcus isolado à PCR para a detecção do gene mecA. O isolamento de Staphylococcus sp. da pele deste paciente é uma situação preocupante, uma vez que a presença de bactérias multirresistentes é um fato de grande perigo para a saúde pública.Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a multifactorial, allergic and inflammatory skin disorder with a genetic predisposition manifested by clinical signs, and it is generally associated with the production of specific IgE antibodies, mainly against environmental allergens. The objective of this study was to report the occurrence of mecA gene in an isolate of Staphylococcus sp. from a dog with canine atopic dermatitis and recurrent pyoderma. Clinical specimen was collected for culture and antimicrobial susceptibility analysis. The isolate of Staphylococcus was then submitted to PCR for the detection of the mecA gene. The isolation of Staphylococcus sp. from this patient’s skin is worrisome, since the presence of such multi-resistant bacterium in such circumstance is a potentially grave risk for public health

Prevalence of arbovirus antibodies against the family Bunyaviridae in water buffaloes

The State of Pará comprises 26% of Brazilian Amazon region where a large diversity of arboviruses has been described. This study sought to assess the prevalence and distribution of haemagglutination-inhibition antibodies against antigens of nine different types of arbovirus of the Bunyaviridae family, where eight were Orthobunyavirus: Guaroa virus, Maguari virus, Tacaiuma virus, Utinga virus, Belem virus, Caraparu virus, Oropouche virus and Catu virus, and one Phlebovirus: Icoaraci virus in sera samples of water buffaloes in Pará State, Brazil. For all Arboviruses investigated there were antibodies, with the exception of Belem virus. Antibodies to Maguari viruswere more prevalent (7.33%). The water buffaloes of the present study showed variable levels of antibodies in monotypic and heterotypic reactions that may indicate there are movements from most bunyavirus studied in domestic buffaloes in the state of Pará, and the Maguari virus presents the largest circulation. Therefore, further studies are needed to investigate the role of water buffalo in the maintenance and dispersal of arboviruses, as well as whether these viruses can cause disease in that species, especially in cases of birth defects and abortions.O Estado do Pará corresponde a 26% da Amazônica brasileira, onde uma grande quantidade de Arbovírus tem sido descrito. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a prevalência de anticorpos detectados pela técnica de inibição de hemaglutinação contra nove tipos diferentes de arbovírus da família Bunyaviridae, sendo oito do gênero Orthobunyavirus: vírus Guaroa, vírus Maguari, vírus Tacaiuma, vírus Utinga, vírus Belem, vírus Caraparu, vírus Oropouche e vírus Catu e um do gênero Phlebovirus: vírus Icoaraci, em soros de búfalos de água no Estado do Pará, Brasil. Para todos os Arbovírus investigados houve presença de anticorpos, com exceção do vírus Belém. Anticorpos para o vírus Maguari foram mais prevalentes (7,33%). O rebanho bubalino do presente estudo mostrou variáveis níveis de anticorpos em reações heterotípicas e monotípicas podendo indicar que há circulação da maioria dos bunyavírus estudados em búfalos domésticos no estado do Pará, e que o vírus Maguari é o de maior circulação. Por isso, são necessários outros estudos para investigar o papel dos búfalos de água na manutenção e dispersão de arbovírus, assim como se esses vírus podem causar enfermidades na referida espécie, principalmente, em casos de defeitos congênitos e abortamentos