Synthesis Of Structured Triacylglycerols Enriched In N-3 Fatty Acids By Immobilized Microbial Lipase

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)The search for new biocatalysts has aroused great interest due to the variety of microorganisms and their role as enzyme producers. Native lipases from Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus javanicus were used to enrich the n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids content in the triacylglycerols of soybean oil by acidolysis with free fatty acids from sardine oil in solvent-free media. For the immobilization process, the best lipase/support ratios were 1:3 (w/w) for Aspergillus niger lipase and 1:5 (w/w) for Rhizopus javanicus lipase using Amberlite MB-1. Both lipases maintained constant activity for 6 months at 4 degrees C. Reaction time, sardine-free fatty acids:soybean oil mole ratio and initial water content of the lipase were investigated to determine their effects on n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids incorporation into soybean oil. Structured triacylglycerols with 11.7 and 7.2% of eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid were obtained using Aspergillus niger lipase and Rhizopus javanicus lipase, decreasing the n-6/n-3 fatty acids ratio of soybean oil (11:1 to 3.5:1 and 4.7:1, respectively). The best reaction conditions were: initial water content of lipase of 0.86% (w/w), sardine-free faty acids:soybean oil mole ratio of 3:1 and reaction time of 36 h, at 40 degrees C. The significant factors for the acidolysis reaction were the sardine-free fatty acids:soybean oil mole ratio and reaction time. The characterization of structured triacylglycerols was obtained using easy ambient sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry. The enzymatic reaction led to the formation of many structured triacylglycerols containing eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid or both polyunsaturated fatty acids. (C) 2016 Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda.47410061013Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Viscum album mother tinctures: Harvest conditions and host trees influence the plant metabolome and the glycolytic pathway of breast cancer cells.

Viscum album is a semi-parasitic plant used for over one hundred years in complementary cancer therapy. The main commercial drugs used in cancer patients' treatment are derived from the aqueous V. album extracts, whose cytotoxic potential is mostly attributed to the aqueous soluble antitumoral metabolites. On the counterpart, ethanol solvents must be used to obtain V. album mother tinctures. This methodology permits better solubilization of phenolic compounds, among others, which present antitumoral bioactivity. Recently, the metabolomics approach revealed the influence of the host tree on the V. album subspecies differentiation. To increase the scientific information about the chemical differences related to the host trees and to clarify the seasonal influences, in this study, the metabolome of 50 V. album mother tinctures from three subspecies (abietis, album, austriacum) and five host trees (Malus domestica, Quercus sp., Ulmus carpinifolia, Pinus sylvestris, Abies alba) was evaluated using summer and winter plant harvests. The in vitro cytotoxic activities were investigated in breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) and immortalized normal human keratinocytes (HaCaT). The summer V. album mother tinctures presented higher cytotoxic activity than winter ones. Among the summer samples, those prepared with V. album subsp. album were more cytotoxic than V. album subsp. abietis and subsp. V. album subsp. austriacum. The V. album harvested from Quercus petraea and Abies alba inhibited the key-glycolytic enzymes: hexokinase (HK), phosphofructokinase (PFK), pyruvate kinase (PK). This activity was related to a reduction in glucose uptake and lactate production, which were host-tree-time-dose-dependent. The untargeted metabolomic approach was able to discriminate the mother tinctures according to respective botanical classes and harvest season. A total of 188 metabolites were annotated under positive and negative modes. Fourteen compounds were responsible for the samples differentiation, and, to the best of our knowledge, eight were described in the Viscum album species for the first time. Our study shows the interruption of the Warburg effect as a novel antitumoral mechanism triggered by V. album mother tinctures, which is related to their metabolite profile. These results bring scientific evidence that encourages the use of V. album mother tinctures as a natural product for cancer therapy

INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO – ESTUDO DE CASO DE UMA JOINT VENTURE NO BRASIL

RESUMOEste artigo busca apresentar como funciona a realização de uma Joint Venture no Brasil, através de um estudo de caso entre as empresas Conduspar Condutores Elétricos Ltda e a Sterlite Technologies Ltda., dentro deste artigo apresentamos os modelos de internacionalização e a decisão da empresa por realizar a Joint Venture.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Joint Venture; Desafios da Administração Contemporânea; Internaciolização. ABSTRACTThis article seeks to present how a Joint Venture in Brazil works, through a case study between the companies Conduspar Conductores Elétricos Ltda and Sterlite Technologies Ltda., Within this article we present the internationalization models and the company's decision to carry out The Joint Venture.KEYWORDS: Joint Venture; Challenges of Contemporary Management; Internationalization

A TRAJETÓRIA DA EDUCAÇÃO BRASILEIRA NO CONTEXTO ECONÔMICO

O estudo apresenta uma breve retrospectiva da educação brasileira, no contexto econômico, ponderando as transformações educacionais e reflexo de alguns acontecimentos históricos sobre a conjuntura atual da educação. Traçou-se um paralelo entre a (re)construção das teorias econômicas e sua (des)preocupação em superar as desigualdades. Questiona-se a aplicabilidade e consequências da Emenda Constitucional 95/2016 (teto de gastos públicos) em contraponto às demandas sociais, em especial, a educação e o cumprimento das metas estabelecidas pelo Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE) 2014-2024

AVALIAÇÃO DE ERROS EM PRESCRIÇÕES MÉDICAS HOSPITALARES BASEADO NO NOVO PROTOCOLO DO MINISTÉRIO DA SAÚDE

A prescrição médica intra-hospitalar integra um complexo processo no ciclo dos medicamentos, sendo uma das fontes de erros no tratamento de pacientes internados. A Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) estima que aproximadamente 50% de todas as prescrições possuam algum erro que pode induzir a problemas posteriores aos usuários. Entretanto, a maioria destes são evitáveis, possuindo o farmacêutico a atribuição de avaliar de modo preciso e seguro as prescrições antes de efetuar a dispensação. Objetivou-se neste trabalho a avaliação das prescrições médicas emitidas em um Hospital Municipal de Campina Grande (PB), com base no Protocolo de Segurança na Prescrição, Uso e Administração de medicamentos do Ministério da Saúde (2013). Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo transversal, descritivo e aplicado um formulário que analisou itens como, posologia, via de administração, legibilidade, cumprimento de procedimentos legais e institucionais, dentre outros. Este foi aplicado por um período de 60 dias, na ala cirúrgica. Resultados: Foram avaliadas 342 prescrições e em 334 (97,6%) a identificação estava incompleta; das 342 prescrições, 142 (41,5%) eram ilegíveis; e 317 (92,7%) prescrições apresentaram a descrição da posologia (dose e frequência), 4 (1,2 %) não apresentaram e 21 (6,1%) estavam incompletas. Nas prescrições avaliadas, 214 (63%) continham a via de administração, 22 (6%) não apresentavam e em 106 (31%) apenas alguns medicamentos possuíam essa especificação. Conclusão: Verifica-se a necessidade de realizar uma intervenção que venha a minimizar esses erros, através de orientações e treinamentos ao Corpo Clínico do hospital, além de promover a padronização das prescrições

First Nationwide Molecular Screening Program in Spain for Patients With Advanced Breast Cancer: Results From the AGATA SOLTI-1301 Study

Anàlisi de seqüències d'ADN; Subtipus PAM50; Genètica molecularAnálisis de secuencias de ADN; Subtipo PAM50; Genética molecularDNA sequence analyses; PAM50 subtype; Molecular geneticBackground: The SOLTI-1301 AGATA study aimed to assess the feasibility of a multi-institutional molecular screening program to better characterize the genomic landscape of advanced breast cancer (ABC) and to facilitate patient access to matched-targeted therapies in Spain. Methods: DNA sequencing of 74 cancer-related genes was performed using FFPE tumor samples in three different laboratories with three different gene panels. A multidisciplinary advisory board prospectively recommended potential targeted treatments. The primary objective was to determine the success of matching somatic DNA alteration to an experimental drug/drug class. Results: Between September 2014 and July 2017, 305 patients with ABC from 10 institutions were enrolled. Tumor sequencing was successful in 260 (85.3%) patients. Median age was 54 (29-80); most tumors were hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative (74%), followed by triple-negative (14.5%) and HER2-positive (11.5%). Ninety-seven (37%) tumor samples analyzed proceeded from metastatic sites. Somatic mutations were identified in 163 (62.7%) patients, mostly in PIK3CA (34%), TP53 (22%), AKT1 (5%), ESR1 (3%), and ERBB2 (3%) genes. Significant enrichment of AKT1 mutation was observed in metastatic versus primary samples (9% vs. 2%; p=0.01). Genome-driven cancer therapy was recommended in 45% (n=116) of successfully screened patients, 11% (n=13) of whom finally received it. Among these patients, 46.2% had a PFS of ≥6 months on matched therapy. Conclusions: AGATA is the first nationwide molecular screening program carried out in Spain and we proved that implementing molecular data in the management of ABC is feasible. Although these results are promising, only 11% of the patients with genome-driven cancer therapy received it.This study was supported by a grant from Novartis. This study was funded, in part, by the project PI 15/01508, integrated in the Plan Estatal I+D+I and co-funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III - Subdirección General de Evaluación and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) (to EC) and by a grant from Mutua Madrileña Foundation (to EC). The decisions and responsibilities of this study were all under the sponsor: SOLTI Breast Cancer Research Group

Proximal, local, and distal muscle morphology in women with patellofemoral pain

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare proximal, local, and distal muscle morphology in women with and without patellofemoral pain (PFP). Materials and Methods: Proximal, local, and distal muscle thicknesses (MTs) were obtained with B-mode sonography in healthy (control group [CG], n = 20) and PFP (PFP group, n = 20) women. In addition, muscle mass was measured by the sum of the synergistic MTs. Data were analyzed by independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and effect size. Results: PFP women had smaller gluteus medius (P = .02, d = 0.7), vastus medialis (P < .01, d = 1.0), and flexor digitorum brevis (P < .01, d = 1.0) MT and greater gastrocnemius medialis (P = .04, d = 0.6) MT than CG. Quadriceps muscle mass (P = .01, d = 0.8) and foot muscle mass (P = .008, d = 0.9) were smaller, while plantar flexor muscle mass was greater in the PFP group than in CG (P = .01, d = 0.8). Conclusion: PFP women have proximal, local, and distal MT alterations in comparison with CG, which may explain possible changes in muscle strength and functionality

Índice de capacidade para o trabalho de enfermeiros atuantes em áreas críticas Covid-19: estudo transversal

Objetivo: mensurar o índice de capacidade para o trabalho de enfermeiros nos diferentes turnos de um hospital universitário público com atendimento a pacientes com suspeita e confirmados com COVID-19. Método: estudo transversal realizado em hospital público de alta complexidade. A população do estudo foi constituída por enfermeiros atuantes no Pronto Socorro e Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Adulto e os resultados obtidos foram analisados por estatística descritiva. Resultados: dos profissionais entrevistados, 85,5%&nbsp; eram mulheres; a idade média foi de 36,5 anos. Quanto a classificação de capacidade para o trabalho 7,3% foram classificados com ótima capacidade para o trabalho, 54,5% boa capacidade para o trabalho; 34,5% moderada capacidade para o trabalho; e 3,6% baixa capacidade. Conclusão: o Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho dos colaboradores permite aos gestores a manutenção da boa capacidade para o trabalho, além de propor medidas de melhorias e promover um ambiente com condições de trabalho mais favoráveis

Intervenções terapêutico-ocupacionais para pacientes com COVID-19 na UTI/Therapeutic-occupational interventions for patients with COVID-19 in ICU

Trata-se das contribuições da Terapia Ocupacional ao enfrentamento da COVID-19 em pacientes no contexto de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Este artigo faz parte do suplemento da Revisbrato, a fim de possibilitar subsídios técnico-científicos para terapeutas ocupacionais em situação de crise pandêmica. Foram selecionados procedimentos específicos da terapia ocupacional, a partir das experiências no serviço de terapia ocupacional do Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, junto com as contribuições da terapia ocupacional na cidade de Sâo Paulo.AbstractThese are the contributions of Occupational Therapy to coping with COVID-19 in patients in the context of the Intensive Care Unit. This article is part of the Revisbrato supplement, in order to provide technical-scientific support for occupational therapists in situations of pandemic crisis. Specific occupational therapy procedures were selected, based on experiences in the occupational therapy service at Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, together with contributions from occupational therapy in the city of São Paulo.Key words: Occupational therapy, ICU, Coronavirus infection.ResumenEstas son las contribuciones de la terapia ocupacional para hacer frente a COVID-19 en pacientes en el contexto de la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva. Este artículo es parte del suplemento Revisbrato, con el fin de proporcionar apoyo técnico-científico para terapeutas ocupacionales en situaciones de crisis pandémica. Se seleccionaron procedimientos específicos de terapia ocupacional, basados en experiencias en el servicio de terapia ocupacional del Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho de la Universidad Federal de Río de Janeiro, junto con las contribuciones de la terapia ocupacional en la ciudad de São Paulo.Palabras clave: Terapia ocupacional, UCI, infección por Coronavirus.