A Ring to Rule Them All - Revising OpenStack Internals to Operate Massively Distributed Clouds: The Discovery Initiative - Where Do We Are ?

STACK_HCERES2020The deployment of micro/nano data-centers in network point of presence offers an opportunity to deliver a more sustainable and efficient infrastructure for Cloud Computing. Among the different challenges we need to address to favor the adoption of such a model, the development of a system in charge of turning such a complex and diverse network of resources into a collection of abstracted computing facilities that are convenient to administrate and use is critical.In this report, we introduce the premises of such a system. The novelty of our work is that instead of developing a system from scratch, we revised the OpenStack solution in order to operate such an infrastructure in a distributed manner leveraging P2P mechanisms. More precisely, we describe how we revised the Nova service by leveraging a distributed key/value store instead of the centralized SQL backend. We present experiments that validated the correct behavior of our prototype, while having promising performance using several clusters composed of servers of the Grid’5000 testbed. We believe that such a strategy is promising and paves the way to a first large-scale and WAN-wide IaaS manager.La tendance actuelle pour supporter la demande croissante d'informatique utilitaire consiste à construire des centres de données de plus en plus grands, dans un nombre limité de lieux stratégiques. Cette approche permet sans aucun doute de satisfaire la demande actuelle tout en conservant une approche centralisée de la gestion de ces ressources, mais elle reste loin de pouvoir fournir des infrastructures répondant aux contraintes actuelles et futures en termes d'efficacité, de juridiction ou encore de durabilité. L'objectif de l'initiative DISCOVERY est de concevoir le LUC OS, un système de gestion distribuée des ressources qui permettra de tirer parti de n'importe quel noeud réseau constituant la dorsale d'Internet afin de fournir une nouvelle génération d'informatique utilitaire, plus apte à prendre en compte la dispersion géographiquedes utilisateurs et leur demande toujours croissante.Après avoir rappelé les objectifs de l'initiative DISCOVERY et expliqué pourquoi les approches type fédération ne sont pas adaptées pour opérer une infrastructure d'informatique utilitaire intégrée au réseau, nous présentons les prémisses de notre système. Nous expliquerons notamment pourquoi et comment nous avons choisi de démarrer des travaux visant à revisiter la conception de la solution Openstack. De notre point de vue, choisir d'appuyer nos travaux sur cette solution est une stratégie judicieuse à la vue de la complexité des systèmes de gestion des plateformes IaaS et de la vélocité des solutions open-source

Formic acid oxidation over hierarchical porous carbon containing PtPd catalysts

The use of high surface monolithic carbon as support for catalysts offers important advantage, such as elimination of the ohmic drop originated in the interparticle contact and improved mass transport by ad-hoc pore design. Moreover, the approach discussed here has the advantage that it allows the synthesis of materials having a multimodal porous size distribution, with each pore size contributing to the desired properties. On the other hand, the monolithic nature of the porous support also imposes new challenges for metal loading. In this work, the use of Hierarchical Porous Carbon (HPC) as support for PtPd nanoparticles was explored. Three hierarchical porous carbon samples (denoted as HPC-300, HPC-400 and HPC-500) with main pore size around 300, 400 and 500 nm respectively, are used as porous support. PtPd nanoparticles were loaded by impregnation and subsequent chemical reduction with NaBH4. The resulting material was characterized by EDX, XRD and conventional electrochemical techniques. The catalytic activity toward formic acid and methanol electrooxidation was evaluated by electrochemical methods, and the results compared with commercial carbon supported PtPd. The Hierarchical Porous Carbon support discussed here seems to be promising for use in DFAFC anodes.Fil: Baena Moncada, Angélica María. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Química; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Morales, Gustavo Marcelo. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Química; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Barbero, César Alfredo. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Química; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Planes, Gabriel Angel. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Química; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Florez Montano, Jonathan. Universidad de la Laguna; EspañaFil: Pastor, Elena. Universidad de la Laguna; Españ

Bowtie plasmonic nanoantenna arrays for polarimetric optical biosensing

We report on the first polarimetric plasmonic biosensor based on arrays of bowtie nanoantennas. Using the Finite Element Method (FEM) the phase retardation between the components of light polarized parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the nanoantennas is studied. After optimizing them for high volumetric sensitivity at a wavelength of 780 nm, sensitivities ~5 rad/RIU are obtained, corresponding to a detection limit ~10-7 RIU when using the polarimetric readout platform. Surface sensitivity values resulted from studies of phase retardation changes from a coverage of bioreceptors and analytes

Para un esquema de la crítica de la cultura y la política: ideología y hegemonía en la crisis global

Promediando la segunda década del siglo XXI, el mundo se encuentra en una profunda crisis, insinuada desde principios de siglo con el derribamiento del centro del comercio financiero mundial (“Torres Gemelas”), y ya claramente observable y manifiesta desde el estallido financiero de 2007-2008. Esta crisis global, que algunos denominan “epocal‟, “civilizatoria‟ o “del capitalismo‟, se presenta en las distintas órbitas de lo social, poniendo en cuestión el ordenamiento político y mundial prevaleciente, y dando cuenta de transformaciones estructurales que se vienen aconteciendo en el modo de producción capitalista, de la mano de la globalización financiera (Dierckxsens y Formento, 2016). El objetivo del presente trabajo se centra en abordar la particular dimensión ideológica cultural de esta crisis global, entendida en términos de disputa por la configuración del orden mundial. Lejos de concebir esta gran crisis en términos „mecánicos‟ o puramente estructurales –es decir, impersonales-, abrevamos en una visión que busca identificar los grandes actores del poder mundial, quienes pugnan por (re)definir el ordenamiento mundial y social imperante.Eje Geopolítica-GT 29: Dinámica de la crisis global. Hacia una Geopolítica del siglo XXI.Facultad de Trabajo Socia

Determinación de la calidad de los pronósticos estacionales generados a partir de áreas predictoras para Cusco y Puno

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Ciencias. Departamento Académico de Ingeniería Ambiental, Física y MeteorologíaEl objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la cantidad de resultados de los predictantes Precipitación (PP), Temperatura Máxima (TMAX) y Temperatura Mínima (TMIN) que cumplieron con el criterio de calidad (Root Mean Squared Error Skill Score(RMSESS)>0 & Ranked Probability Skill Score(RPSS)>0 & Correlation(CORR)≥0.2 & area under the curve Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC área)>0.5 para las categorías “Bajo”, “Normal” y “Superior”) en cada área del predictor Temperatura Superficial del Mar (TSM) utilizada en cada trimestre (Enero-Febrero-Marzo (EFM o efm), Febrero-Marzo-Abril (FMA o fma), Marzo-Abril-Mayo (MAM o mam), Abril-Mayo-Junio (AMJ o amj), Mayo-Junio-Julio (MJJ o mjj), Junio-Julio-Agosto (JJA o jja), Julio-Agosto-Setiembre (JAS o jas), Agosto-Setiembre-Octubre (ASO o aso), Setiembre-Octubre-Noviembre (SON o son), Octubre-Noviembre-Diciembre (OND o ond), Noviembre-Diciembre-Enero (NDE o nde) y Diciembre-Enero-Febrero (DEF o def)) en Cusco y Puno. Para lograr dicho objetivo se plantearon 2 objetivos específicos. Primero se estableció en orden decreciente la PP, TMAX y TMIN en cuanto a la cantidad de valores con habilidad determinística (RMSESS>0), probabilística (RPSS>0), correlación “Debil”, “Moderada”, “Fuerte” y “Muy Fuerte” (CORR≥0.2) y discriminación probabilística (ROC área>0.5). Segundo, se determinaron las estaciones meteorológicas y trimestres en que los pronósticos de PP, TMAX y TMIN cumplieron con el criterio de calidad para Cusco y Puno. Se utilizó el Climate Predictability Tool (CPT) para estimar los pronósticos determinísticos y probabilísticos. Adicionalmente, se generaron las categorías observadas y se calcularon las observaciones trimestrales (en la PP es la suma de 3 meses y en las temperaturas es el promedio). Luego, se automatizó el cálculo de los parámetros estadísticos, generación de tablas y filtrados con R. Las conclusiones más importantes fueron que el orden de los predictantes fue TMAX, TMIN y PP, y que los trimestres con mayor cantidad de valores con calidad en Cusco se dieron para TMAX en FMA, MAM y DEF, para TMIN en MAM, y en Puno para TMAX en DEF, y para TMIN en NDE.The objective of the research was to determine the amount of results of the Precipitation (PP), Maximum Temperature (TMAX) and Minimum Temperature (TMIN) forecasts that met the quality criterion (Mean Squared Error Skill Score (RMSESS)> 0 & Ranked Probability Skill Score (RPSS)> 0 & Correlation (CORR) ≥0.2 & area under the curve Receiver operating characteristic (ROC area)> 0.5 for the categories "Low", "Normal" and "Above") in each area of the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) predictor used in each trimester (January-February-March (EFM or efm), February-March-April (FMA or fma), March-April-May (MAM or mam), April -May-June (AMJ or amj), May-June-July (MJJ or mjj), June-July-August (JJA or jja), July-August-September (JAS or jas), August-September-October (ASO or aso), September-October-November (SON or son), October-November-December (OND or ond), November-December-January (NDJ or ndj) and December-January-February (DEF or def)) in Cusco and Puno. To achieve the objective, 2 specific objectives were proposed. First the PP, TMAX and TMIN were established in decreasing order in terms of the number of values with deterministic ability (RMSESS> 0), probabilistic (RPSS> 0), correlation "Weak", "Moderate", "Strong" and "Very "Strong" (CORR≥0.2) and probabilistic discrimination (ROC area> 0.5). Secondly, the meteorological stations and trimester were determined in which the PP, TMAX and TMIN forecasts met the quality criteria for Cusco and Puno. The Climate Predictability Tool (CPT) was used to estimate the deterministic and probabilistic forecasts, in addition, the observed categories were generated and calculated in the quarterly observations (page 3 is added to the temperatures in the average). Then, the calculation of the statistical parameters, generation of tables and filters with R was automated. The most important conclusions were the predictions of TMAX, TMIN and PP, and that the cuts with the highest quantity of quality values in Cusco it was given for TMAX in FMA, MAM and DEF, for TMIN in MAM, and in Puno for TMAX in DEF, and for TMIN in NDE.Tesi

SeDuCe: a Testbed for Research on Thermal and Power Management in Datacenters

International audienceWith the advent of Cloud Computing, the size of datacenters is ever increasing and the management of servers and their power consumption and heat production have become challenges. The management of the heat produced by servers has been experimentally less explored than the management of their power consumption. It can be partly explained by the lack of a public testbed that provides reliable access to both thermal and power metrics of server rooms. In this article, we propose SeDuCe, a testbed that targets research on energy and thermal management of servers, by providing public access to precise data about the power consumption and the thermal dissipation of 48 servers integrated in Grid'5000 as the new ecotype cluster. We present the chosen software and hardware architecture for the first version of the SeDuCe testbed, and propose some improvements that will increase its relevance

Energy-Aware Massively Distributed Cloud Facilities: The DISCOVERY Initiative

International audienceInstead of the current trend consisting of building larger and larger data centers (DCs) in few strategic locations, the DISCOVERY initiative proposes to leverage any network point of presences (PoP, i.e., a small or medium-sized network center) available through the Internet. The key idea is to demonstrate a widely distributed Cloud platform that can better match the geographical dispersal of users and of renewable energy sources. This involves radical changes in the way resources are managed, but leveraging computing resources around the end-users will enable to deliver a new generation of highly efficient and sustainable Utility Computing (UC) platforms, thus providing a strong alternative to the actual Cloud model based on mega DCs (i.e., DCs composed of tens of thousands resources). This poster will present the DISCOVERY initiative efforts towards achieving energy-aware massively distributed cloud facilities. To satisfy the escalating demand for Cloud Computing (CC) resources while realizing economy of scale, the production of computing resources is concentrated in mega data centers (DCs) of ever-increasing size, where the number of physical resources that one DC can host is limited by the capacity of its energy supply and its cooling system. To meet these critical needs in terms of energy supply and cooling, the current trend is toward building DCs in regions with abundant and affordable electricity supplies or in regions close to the polar circle to leverage free cooling techniques [1]. However, concentrating Mega-DCs in only few attractive places implies different issues. First, a disaster in these areas would be dramatic for IT services the DCs host as the con-nectivity to CC resources would not be guaranteed. Second, in addition to jurisdiction concerns, hosting computing resources in a few locations leads to useless network overheads to reach each DC. Such overheads can prevent the adoption of the UC paradigm by several kinds of applications such as mobile computing or big data ones

Seasonal Analyses of Air Pollution and Mortality in 100 U.S. Cities

Time series models relating short-term changes in air pollution levels to daily mortality counts typically assume that the effects of air pollution on the log relative rate of mortality do not vary with time. However, these short-term effects might plausibly vary by season. Changes in the sources of air pollution and meteorology can result in changes in characteristics of the air pollution mixture across seasons. The authors develop Bayesian semi-parametric hierarchical models for estimating time-varying effects of pollution on mortality in multi-site time series studies. The methods are applied to the updated National Morbidity and Mortality Air Pollution Study database for the period 1987--2000, which includes data for 100 U.S. cities. At the national level, a 10 micro-gram/m3 increase in PM(10) at lag 1 is associated with a 0.15 (95% posterior interval: -0.08, 0.39),0.14 (-0.14, 0.42), 0.36 (0.11, 0.61), and 0.14 (-0.06, 0.34) percent increase in mortality for winter, spring, summer, and fall, respectively. An analysis by geographical regions finds a strong seasonal pattern in the northeast (with a peak in summer) and little seasonal variation in the southern regions of the country. These results provide useful information for understanding particle toxicity and guiding future analyses of particle constituent data

Red de elaboración de materiales en la asignatura de “Teoría y práctica del entrenamiento deportivo”

El objetivo del proyecto cuya memoria se presenta ha consistido en la preparación, diseño y elaboración, de los materiales de la asignatura del tercer curso de Grado “Teoría y práctica del entrenamiento deportivo”. Dichos materiales se utilizarán como documento base el próximo curso 2014/15. Hemos tomando como referencia un sistema basado en el crédito europeo y que supone un cambio radical, no solo a nivel estructural, sino también en relación con las metodologías docentes y la evaluación. En el ámbito del entrenamiento deportivo, el título de “Grado en ciencias de la actividad física y del deporte” distingue cinco asignaturas que abarcan un amplio abanico de contenidos. En su conjunto esta materia posee una gran carga en cuanto a número de créditos dentro del título, por lo que las competencias y contenidos deben definirse claramente. La asignatura “Teoría y práctica del entrenamiento deportivo” se imparte durante el primer cuatrimestre del tercer curso, por lo que es la base de todas las restantes asignaturas del ámbito del entrenamiento deportivo. El trabajo realizado ha tratado de conseguir, en un esfuerzo de coordinación docente, una metodología común adecuada para el desarrollo de los contenidos, la evaluación de los conocimientos y competencias adquiridos en esta asignatura

Dimerization of tris (o-ureidobenzyl) amines: a novel class of aggregates

Dimeric aggregates are formed by the assembly of two tripodal moieties which are held together, both in solution and in the solid state, by a belt of 6 hydrogen-bonded urea functions