Basic Blood Analysis of Rabbits Immunized with Vaccine Against Myxomatosis

The aim of this preliminary study was to assess the immune response of rabbits triggered by vaccination against myxomatosis. In experiments, 14 New Zealand White rabbits (7 does – D and 7 bucks – B at the age of 1 to 3 years) were used. Samples of rabbit peripheral blood (PB) were collected from a. auricularis centralis to heparinised tubes 2 weeks before and 4 days after the subcutaneous injection (0.5 mL) of vaccine against myxomatosis (Pharmavac MXT). Mononuclear cells from peripheral blood (PBMCs) were isolated using Ficoll centrifugation. Isolated PBMCs were then frozen and stored at -192 °C. For phenotyping, the frozen cells were thawed and stained with the following anti-rabbit monoclonal antibodies (mAbs): anti-IgM (NRBM, IgG1), anti-CD4 (RTH1A, IgG1), anti-CD8 (ISC27A, IgG2a), anti-pan T2 (RTH21A, IgG1) and anti-CD45 (L12/201, IgG1). As the secondary immunoreagent, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) or R-phycoerythrin (R-PE) labelled anti-mouse conjugates of appropriate subisotypes were used. We found significantly (P<0.05) increased percentage of either T-cells (does D5 and D7, and bucks B5, B6 and B7), or B-cells (bucks B2 and B7) in the rabbit peripheral blood. In conclusion, fast and adequate immune response to antigen (vaccine against myxomatosis) was indicated by the increase in T lymphocyte subsets 4 days after immunization. Thus, rabbit does (D5 and D7) and bucks (B5, B6 and B7) might be selected to create F1 generation for the future experiments

Multilevel D-loop PCR identification of hunting game

AbstractThe control region of mtDNA (D-loop) was used for hair samples of the five hunting game species identification: red deer (Cervus elaphus), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), fallow deer (Dama dama), mouflon (Ovis aries musimon), and wild boar (Sus scrofa). For D-loop multilevel PCR detection scheme was applied in six primers (CE CVZV 1=5′-GATCACGAGCTTGATCACCA-3′; CE CVZV 2=5′-AGGAGTGGGCGATTTTAGGT-3′; DD CVZV 3=5′-CGCGTGAAACCAACAACCCGC-3′; DD CVZV 4=5′-CCGGGTCGGGGCCTTAGACG-3′; SSW CVZV 5=5′-ACACGTGCGTACACGCGCATA-3′; SSW CVZV 6=5′-GGTGCCTGCT T TCGTAGCACG-3′) designed to identify unknown biological samples of the hunting game animals. The PCR reaction volume was 25μl at conditions 95°C for 2min, 94°C for 30s, 60°C for 30s, 72°C for 30s, 35cycles, with last extension at 72°C for 10min. D-loop mtDNA amplicons of the game animals are characterized with specific PCR product sizes depending on species: red deer=163bp and 140bp, fallow deer=280bp and 138bp, roe deer=303bp, 280bp, 160bp and 138bp, mouflon=299bp and 178bp, wild boar=137bp and 229bp

Reducing errors in guided implant surgery to optimize treatment outcomes.

Clinical considerations and treatment criteria in implant placement are constantly evolving. Prosthetically driven implant surgery has become the standard of care to improve short and long-term functional and esthetic outcomes. Therefore, implant position and angulation are planned according to the available bone, anatomical structures, and the requirements of the future prosthetic superstructure. In parallel with these developments, significant progress has been made in data imaging and different software technologies to allow the integration of data within a digital file format. Digitalization in implant surgery enables optimal planning of implant position, as well as the ability to transfer this planning to the surgical field-a process defined as "computer-supported implant planning and guided surgery." The aims of the present review are as follows: (a) to critically appraise the indications and potential "added value" of guided implant surgery, elaborating the main differences between dynamic and static guidance; and (b) to discuss the most important clinical considerations relevant for the different steps of the workflow that might influence the surgical outcome and to offer recommendations on how to avoid or reduce process errors in order to optimize treatment outcomes

N-(5-Eth­oxy-1,3,4-thia­diazol-2-yl)benzamide

In the title compound, C11H11N3O2S, the dihedral angle between the thia­diazole and phenyl rings is 28.08 (7)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked into an inversion dimer by a pair of inter­molecular N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds with an R 2 2(8) graph-set motif

Decrease in C-reactive protein levels in rabbits after vaccination with a live attenuated myxoma virus vaccine

The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute phase reaction and immune response of rabbits triggered by vaccination with a live attenuated myxoma virus (MXT) vaccine. Thirteen adult and 11 juvenile New Zealand white rabbit-based crossbreed rabbits, were used. Samples of rabbit peripheral blood were collected from vena auricularis centralis into heparinised tubes before vaccination and 48 h after vaccination. All animals were vaccinated by subcutaneous injection (0.5 ml) with a MXT vaccine. The blood plasma C-reactive protein level was measured by an ELISA kit using a double-antibody sandwich. For phenotyping of lymphocytes the fresh cells were stained with the following anti-rabbit monoclonal antibodies: anti-IgM, anti-CD4, anti-CD8 and anti-pan T2. Our results show that the use of attenuated myxoma virus vaccine significantly decreases the level of C-reactive protein in blood plasma of adult rabbits by 38.14% (P &lt; 0.05) and of juvenile rabbits by 37.63% (P &lt; 0.001), within 48 h. The rabbit C-reactive protein after MXT vaccination is a negative acute phase protein. In the group of adult rabbits the immune response to MXT vaccination was accompanied by a non-significant decrease in CD4+, pT2+, IgM+ subsets. On the other hand the values of CD8+, CD4+CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ were non-significantly higher after MXT vaccination

5-Amino-1,3,4-thia­diazol-2(3H)-one

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C2H3N3OS, contains three independent mol­ecules which are essentially planar, with r.m.s. deviations of 0.011 (2)–0.027 (2) Å from the mean plane defined by the seven non-H atoms. In the crystal, N—H⋯N and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into a sheet parallel to the (111) plane

Stereoelectronic properties of five anti-HSV-1 2′-deoxynucleosides analogues with heterocyclic substituents in the 5-position: A comparison with BVDU

Structural and electronic characteristics of 5-(5-chlorothien-2-yl)-2′-deoxyuridine (I), 5-(furan-2-yl)-2′-deoxyuridine (II), 5-(5-bromofuran-2-yl)-2′-deoxyuridine (III), 5-(3-bromoisoxazol-5-yl)-2′-deoxyuridine (V) and 5-(isoxazol-5-yl)-2′-deoxyuridine (IV) have been determined and compared to the BVDU (VI) characteristics in order to explain their respective affinity for the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (TK). Molecular structure of 5-(5-chlorothien-2-yl)-2′-deoxyuridine has been obtained using single crystal X-ray crystallography. Electrostatic potential maps, energy and topology of frontier orbitals were computed at the ab initio MO STO-3G and STO-3G* level. These studies reveal that the electrostatic potential energy maps are clearly dependent on the affinity of the compound for the enzyme.Peer reviewe

1-Benzoyl-2-thio­biuret

In the title compound [systematic name: N-(carbamoyl­carb­a­mo­thio­yl)benzamide], C9H9N3O2S, the benzoyl and terminal urea fragments adopt cisoid and transoid conformations, respectively, with respect to the S atom. The benzoyl and thio­biuret groups are almost coplanar, making a dihedral angle of 8.48 (5)°. The mol­ecular structure is stabilized by an intra­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond. In the crystal, N—H⋯O and N—H⋯S hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into a sheet parallel to the bc plane

Electronic Absorption and Fluorescence Spectra of Indole . Derivatives. Quantitative Treatment of the Substituent Effects and a Theoretical Study

The room-temperature absorption spectra of nine substituted indoles containing the acetyl, bromo, carboxy, cyano, formyl, methoxy, methyl, and nitro substituents have been measured in cyclohexane, methanol, ethanol, ethanol-water (1 : 9, vol.), and in 0.1 .M NaOH ethanolic solution. The room-temperature excitation and emission fluo.rescence spectra of these compounds have been obtained in cyclohexane and ethanol. Satisfactory linear Hammett correlations have been established for the electronic absorption and fluorescence maxima wavenumbers of most of the indoles. PPP quantum-chemical calculations indicate a good agreement between the experimental and calculated electronic transitions and provide information about the distribution of Jt-electrons in the ground and the lowest excited singlet states of indole derivatives

Aryl Germanes as Ligands for transition Polymetallic Complexes: Synthesis, Structure, and Properties

A series of new carbonyl dichromium complexes bearing aryl germanes as ligands were prepared using improved approaches. The thermal reaction of Cr(CO)6 (1) with Me3GeGePh3 (3) led to the formation of Me3GeGePh[(η6‐C6H5)Cr(CO)3]2 (3a). The lithiation of [(η6‐C6H6)Cr(CO)3] (2) with nBuLi followed by the addition of Me2GeCl2 (4) or ClGeMe2GeMe2Cl (5) gave Me2Ge[(η6‐C6H5)Cr(CO)3]2 (4a) and [(OC)3Cr(η6‐C6H5)]GeMe2GeMe2[(η6‐C6H5)Cr(CO)3] (5a), respectively. The molecular structures of 3a and 4a, in their crystal forms, were studied by X‐ray diffraction analysis. The crystals of oligogermane 3a have shown to undergo a fully reversible phase transition at 160 K without any sign of decomposition. The complexes synthesized were also studied by multinuclear NMR, IR and UV/Vis spectroscopy, DFT calculations and electrochemistry. The presence of a Cr(CO)3 group in a range of oligogermanes has shown to impact on the physical and chemical properties of the compounds