67 research outputs found
Sensory and nutritional evaluation of nine types of millet substituted for polished white rice in select Indian meal preparations
This study was conducted to test the suitability of using nine types of millets namely finger millet, pearl millet, white and yellow sorghum, little millet, barnyard millet, proso millet, kodo millet, and browntop millet in seven popular Indian meal preparations based on sensory characteristics and nutrient value. The popular Indian meal preparations tested were boiled grain, dosa, idli, bisi belle bath, pulao, puttu, and pongal. In total, 53 variations in meal preparations were developed using the millets and seven polished white rice-based meal preparations were developed as control. The main findings indicated that meal preparation crafted from various millets garnered overall sensory scores closely resembling to those derived from polished white rice. Notably, little millet exhibited high scores in pongal and dosa, and achieved elevated overall sensory scores compared to meal preparation from polished white rice. Bisi belle bath made of barnyard millet scored higher in overall sensory score than polished white rice. Moreover, there was significant association between some types of milletsâ overall sensory characteristics (pâ<â0.005) with polished white rice-based meal preparations. In terms of nutrient value, all the millet-based meal preparations had significantly high nutritional value compared to those made with polished white rice (pâ<â0.05). Especially calcium content of the meal prepared with finger millet was significantly higher compared to polished white rice-based meals (pâ<â0.05). Puttu, idli, and dosa prepared with finger millet had calcium content of 59.4, 10.8, and 70.9âmg/100âg compared to those prepared with the polished white rice which had only 1.3, 6.3, and 9.2âmg/100âg. The magnesium content of all millet-based meal preparations was generally several-folds higher compared to the polished white rice-based meal preparations (pâ<â0.05). There is a significant difference in the fiber content of the meals prepared with millets compared to the meals prepared with polished white rice (pâ<â0.05). This study was conducted using millets that are locally available and does not represent all the millet varieties available globally, as each type of millet has a wide range of varieties. Therefore, it is important to understand and choose the type and variety of millet while enhancing the nutritional value of diets
Nanocolumnar Crystalline Vanadium Oxide-Molybdenum Oxide Antireflective Smart Thin Films with Superior Nanomechanical Properties
Vanadium oxide-molybdenum oxide (VO-MO) thin (21-475 nm) films were grown on quartz and silicon substrates by pulsed RF magnetron sputtering technique by altering the RF power from 100 to 600 W. Crystalline VO-MO thin films showed the mixed phases of vanadium oxides e.g., V2O5, V2O3 and VO2 along with MoO3. Reversible or smart transition was found to occur just above the room temperature i.e., at similar to 45-50 degrees C. The VO-MO films deposited on quartz showed a gradual decrease in transmittance with increase in film thickness. But, the VO-MO films on silicon exhibited reflectance that was significantly lower than that of the substrate. Further, the effect of low temperature (i.e., 100 degrees C) vacuum (10(-5) mbar) annealing on optical properties e.g., solar absorptance, transmittance and reflectance as well as the optical constants e.g., optical band gap, refractive index and extinction coefficient were studied. Sheet resistance, oxidation state and nanomechanical properties e.g., nanohardness and elastic modulus of the VO-MO thin films were also investigated in as-deposited condition as well as after the vacuum annealing treatment. Finally, the combination of the nanoindentation technique and the finite element modeling (FEM) was employed to investigate yield stress and von Mises stress distribution of the VO-MO thin films
Topological organization of multichromosomal regions by the long intergenic noncoding RNA Firre
RNA, including long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), is known to be an abundant and important structural component of the nuclear matrix. However, the molecular identities, functional roles and localization dynamics of lncRNAs that influence nuclear architecture remain poorly understood. Here, we describe one lncRNA, Firre, that interacts with the nuclear-matrix factor hnRNPU through a 156-bp repeating sequence and localizes across an ~5-Mb domain on the X chromosome. We further observed Firre localization across five distinct trans-chromosomal loci, which reside in spatial proximity to the Firre genomic locus on the X chromosome. Both genetic deletion of the Firre locus and knockdown of hnRNPU resulted in loss of colocalization of these trans-chromosomal interacting loci. Thus, our data suggest a model in which lncRNAs such as Firre can interface with and modulate nuclear architecture across chromosomes
Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries
Abstract
Background
Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres.
Methods
This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and lowâmiddle-income countries.
Results
In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of âsingle-useâ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for lowâmiddle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia.
Conclusion
This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both highâ and lowâmiddleâincome countries
Remitting Seronegative Symmetrical Synovitis with Pitting Edema (RS3PE) with Interstitial Lung DiseaseâAn Unusual Association
Dilute acid pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of sorghum biomass for sugar recoveryâA statistical approach
1082-1089Sorghum is one of the commercially feasible
lignocellulosic biomass and has a great potential of being sustainable
feedstock for renewable energy. As with any lignocellulosic biomass, sorghum
also requires pretreatment which increases its susceptibility to hydrolysis by
enzymes for generating sugars which can be further fermented to alcohol. In the
present study, sorghum biomass was evaluated for deriving maximum fermentable
sugars by optimizing various pretreatment parameters using statistical
optimization methods. Pretreatment studies were done with H2SO4,
followed by enzymatic saccharification. The efficiency of the process was
evaluated on the basis of production of the total reducing sugars released
during the process. Compositional analysis was done for native as well as
pretreated biomass and compared. The biomass pretreated with the optimized
conditions could yield 0.408 g of reducing sugars /g of pretreated biomass upon
enzymatic hydrolysis. The cellulose content in the solid portion obtained after
pretreatment using optimised conditions was found to be increased by 43.37%
with lesser production of inhibitors in acid pretreated liquor
Assessment of visual morbidity amongst diabetic retinopathy at tertiary eye care center, Nepal: a cross-sectional descriptive study
Abstract Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of preventable blindness in low and middle income countries. In Nepal, there are less studies regarding DR and they too are limited around Kathmandu valley. This study was done to assess visual morbidity in patients with DR at a peripheral tertiary eye care center of Nepal. Methods This was a prospective, hospital based, cross-sectional study in which all consecutive cases of DR were evaluated. DR was classified according to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group - report no. 10 Table A5â1 (Modified Airlie House Classification). Data entry and analysis was done in an SPSS unit version 20. Wherever applicable, variables were set as 100 eyes. Results Total number of patients included in this study was 50. Commonest age group was 50â69Â yrs. (43/77Â yrs.; min/max) comprising 80% of the total population (nâ=â50) and the predominant population was male (76%). Non proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) was found in 69%, proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in 31% and advanced diabetic eye disease (ADED) in 3% (nâ=â100). Conclusions All the stages of DR were present at significant proportions in this study, noteworthy was the percentage of PDR. This study shows an urgency to gather a national data on DR, raise awareness among diabetics and train effective man power at a local level to diagnose DR at an early stage
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Not AvailableThe rapidly growing aquaculture industry is associated with numerous environmental problems, especially nitrogen pollution. The HNAD (heterotrophic nitrifying/aerobic denitrifying) bacteria emerging as efficient nitrogen removal life forms were characterized and compared in shrimp pond and effluent discharge channel from the aspects of composition and function. Eighty three HNAD bacterial strains belonging to the Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Deinococcus-Thermus were found. Alpha diversity index by Shannon and Chao1 showed more diverse genera in effluent channel than shrimp pond water. The mean potential nitrate-N removal activity was significantly higher in effluent channel water (15.57 ± 3.39) as compared to shrimp pond (9.06 ± 5.76). Nitrate reduction, nitrate respiration and aerobic chemoheterotophy were significantly higher in effluent channel than shrimp pond. This study will help in understanding and developing culturable HNAD bacteria for successful transformation of nitrogenous waste in coastal aquaculture and wastewater treatment systems.Not Availabl
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