PERCEPÇÃO DE DISCENTES E DOCENTES SOBRE A MONITORIA ACADÊMICA NA FORMAÇÃO EM ENFERMAGEM

Objetivou-se conhecer a percepção de discentes e docentes sobre a monitoria acadêmica na formação em Enfermagem. Estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa desenvolvido em uma universidade pública do estado do Ceará, com 17 monitores e seis docentes vinculados ao curso de graduação em Enfermagem. Os dados foram coletados a partir de grupo focal com discentes e entrevistas com docentes, balizados por um roteiro semiestruturado. Para a organização do material, foi feita análise de conteúdo, da qual emergiram duas categorias temáticas: a monitoria acadêmica na perspectiva discente e a monitoria acadêmica na perspectiva docente. Na perspectiva discente, essa prática de apoio pedagógico promove a consolidação de competências profissionais como aquisição de conhecimentos, desenvolvimento da comunicação, postura, criatividade e fortalecimento das relações interpessoais, interação, responsabilidade e organização. Na perspectiva dos docentes, essa prática incentiva a docência, o desenvolvimento da comunicação, liderança, criatividade, postura e contribui na resolução de problemas. Conclui-se que a monitoria acadêmica é uma prática relevante durante a graduação e, dessa forma, deve receber maiores incentivos institucionais, visto contribuir no processo ensino-aprendizagem da tríade discentes apoiados pedagogicamente, docentes e monitores

Inclusão escolar de alunos portadores de Transtorno do Espectro Autista na educação infantil: uma revisão sistemática: School inclusion of students with Autistic Spectrum Disorder in early childhood education: a systematic review

Este artigo debate o problema da inclusão escolar de crianças com transtorno do espectro autista (TEA). Para estabelecer o debate, foi feito um levantamento bibliográfico e referencial para uma revisão sistemática do tema. O objetivo é clarificar os conceitos de inclusão escolar e TEA para debater como é feito o processo educacional de crianças com TEA. Sendo assim, a partir da pesquisa científica de descritores como “inclusão escolar”, “transtorno do espectro autista”, foi observado, pelos diversos autores trabalhados, que ainda há muito o que se debater e trabalhar para que ocorra a inclusão escolar de crianças com TEA. Apesar das muitas tentativas, erros e acertos, o tema ainda é pouco trabalhado e divulgado, visto que há poucos profissionais capacitados na área

Associação entre a ooforectomia bilateral precoce e o desenvolvimento do parkinsonismo e Doença de Parkinson em mulheres na pré-menopausa

O parkinsonismo é um distúrbio do sistema nervoso de maior incidência masculina do que feminina, visto que, por mecanismos fisiológicos, o estrogênio possui efeitos neuroprotetores, com funções como aumento da dopamina, um neurotransmissor essencial para o controle das funções motoras. Além disso, previne a formação dos corpúsculos de Lewy e da agregação da α-sinucleína, responsáveis pela progressão da Doença de Parkinson. Por isso, a doença se apresenta diferentemente nas mulheres. A remoção cirúrgica de ambos os ovários em mulheres na pré-menopausa para a prevenção do câncer de ovário parece favorecer o surgimento da doença, tendo em vista a perda da produção do hormônio protetor. Assim, o objetivo do estudo é analisar a associação entre a ooforectomia bilateral precoce e o desenvolvimento de parkinsonismo e Doença de Parkinson em mulheres na pré-menopausa. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática, do tipo quantitativa, que utilizou as plataformas do PubMed, SciELO e Cochrane Library como bases de dados para seleção dos artigos, todos na língua inglesa. Foram utilizadas literaturas publicadas com recorte temporal de 2017 a 2022. De acordo com as literaturas analisadas, a ooforectomia bilateral precoce em mulheres na pré-menopausa aumenta o risco do desenvolvimento de parkinsonismo. Desse modo, a diminuição dos procedimentos cirúrgicos profiláticos para câncer de ovário nas pacientes com risco médio de malignidade reduziria o risco dessa condição

ATLANTIC-PRIMATES: a dataset of communities and occurrences of primates in the Atlantic Forests of South America

Primates play an important role in ecosystem functioning and offer critical insights into human evolution, biology, behavior, and emerging infectious diseases. There are 26 primate species in the Atlantic Forests of South America, 19 of them endemic. We compiled a dataset of 5,472 georeferenced locations of 26 native and 1 introduced primate species, as hybrids in the genera Callithrix and Alouatta. The dataset includes 700 primate communities, 8,121 single species occurrences and 714 estimates of primate population sizes, covering most natural forest types of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina and some other biomes. On average, primate communities of the Atlantic Forest harbor 2 ± 1 species (range = 1–6). However, about 40% of primate communities contain only one species. Alouatta guariba (N = 2,188 records) and Sapajus nigritus (N = 1,127) were the species with the most records. Callicebus barbarabrownae (N = 35), Leontopithecus caissara (N = 38), and Sapajus libidinosus (N = 41) were the species with the least records. Recorded primate densities varied from 0.004 individuals/km 2 (Alouatta guariba at Fragmento do Bugre, Paraná, Brazil) to 400 individuals/km 2 (Alouatta caraya in Santiago, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). Our dataset reflects disparity between the numerous primate census conducted in the Atlantic Forest, in contrast to the scarcity of estimates of population sizes and densities. With these data, researchers can develop different macroecological and regional level studies, focusing on communities, populations, species co-occurrence and distribution patterns. Moreover, the data can also be used to assess the consequences of fragmentation, defaunation, and disease outbreaks on different ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, species invasion or extinction, and community dynamics. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this Data Paper when the data are used in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using the data. © 2018 by the The Authors. Ecology © 2018 The Ecological Society of Americ

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

UMA ANÁLISE REFLEXIVA DA NOTA TÉCNICA Nº 11/2019 À LUZ DOS PRESSUPOSTOS DA REFORMA PSIQUIÁTRICA

No Brasil, a política de saúde mental está atrelada às lutas e superações que, ao longo do tempo, vêm passando por grandes transformações, sobretudo no que diz respeito às práticas assistenciais. A Reforma Psiquiátrica foi um marco nesse campo da saúde, cercada pelos esforços dos movimentos sociais que levantou além de outras questões, o fato da pessoa em sofrimento mental não ser institucionalizada, mas reinserida na sociedade através da reabilitação psicossocial, para isto, criou-se a Rede de Atenção Psicossocial (RAPS). Entretanto, a partir da publicação da Nota Técnica Nº 11/2019 do Ministério da Saúde, que trata da nova política nacional de saúde mental, fica evidente a pretensão da reinserção de elementos considerados manicomiais como modalidade de tratamento na RAPS, retrocedendo ao modelo tradicional, fazendo-se necessária uma reflexão sobre tais práticas, por meio de uma análise histórica da trajetória da saúde mental. Assim, o presente artigo objetiva realizar uma análise reflexiva da nota técnica nº 11/2019 à luz dos pressupostos da reforma psiquiátrica, visando contribuir com os saberes e práticas dentro do campo da saúde mental. Nesse sentido, observou-se que é necessário fortalecer e ampliar os equipamentos vinculados à RAPS, superando os desafios ainda tão presentes a fim de dar um suporte mais efetivo, favorecendo a sua consolidação, desencorajando espaços que estimulem e favoreçam as reclusões

Maternal rat prenatal and neonatal treatment with pequi pulp reduces anxiety and lipid peroxidation in brain tissue of rat offspring at adolescence

The Pequi fruit (Caryocar Brasiliense cambess), typical of the Brazilian cerrado or savannah, is a source of essential fatty acids, carotenoids, and phenolic compounds. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of consuming this fruit on anxiety behavior and lipid peroxidation in the brains of rats whose mothers were treated (by gavage) during pregnancy and lactation with Pequi fruit (pulp or nuts) at 2000 mg/kg of body weight. Anxiety parameters were assessed using the open field (OF), elevated plus maze (EPM), and light/dark box (LDB) tests. The brain was removed to measure malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Data were analyzed using One-way Anova (p < 0.05). In the OF, the animals in the pulp group presented more time spent in the central area (20.37 ± 0.73 vs Control: 12.51 ± 0.39; Nuts: 8.28 ± 0.40) and increased locomotion (159.7 ± 6.10) compared to the other groups (Control: 127.3 ± 5.54; Nuts: 139.08 ± 6.57). In the EPM, the pulp group entered into the open arms (8.57 ± 0.36) and stayed more time in the central area (19.44 ± 1.17) compared to the Nuts group (7.14 ± 0.34; 13.00 ± 1.57). In the LDB the pulp group entered more (8.00 ± 0.42 vs Control: 7.16 ± 0.16 and Nuts: 7.42 ± 0.75) and stayed longer in the clear light side (92.18 ± 6.42) than all the other groups (Control: 71.44 ± 3.53; Nuts: 80.57 ± 6.50), respectively. Pulp group presented lower MDA in the brain (55.34 ± 3.04) compared to Control (72.06 ± 4.66) and Nuts (66.57 ± 2.45). We conclude that Pequi pulp consumption during pregnancy and lactation reduces lipid peroxidation in brain tissue and induces anxiolytic-like behavior in rat offspring. These effects were not observed in the Pequi nuts group

Consumption of clarified goat butter added with turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) increase oleic fatty acid and lipid peroxidation in the liver of adolescent rats

The present study investigated the consumption of clarified goat butter (with or without turmeric) on physical, hepatic, biochemical parameters and lipid peroxidation in the livers of male adolescent Wistar rats aged 35 days. Four groups were formed: control (CONT) – treated with distilled water; Turmeric (CM): treated with 60 mg/kg of turmeric; Clarified goat butter (BT): treated with 2000 mg/kg of goat butter and Goat butter mixed with turmeric (BTCM): received 2000 mg/kg of goat butter added with turmeric. Data showed a reduction in the liver fat in CM and BT in relation to the CONT and BTCM. Aspartate aminotransferase was decreased in the CM, BT and BTCM compared to CONT. CM presented reduced glucose, total cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides (TC) and increased HDL. The BT presented decreased in TC and LDL. BTCM showed reduction in TC, LDL, and HDL. Lipid peroxidation increased in all experimental groups. There was a reduction in the saturated fatty acids in CM liver; BT and BTCM showed higher deposition of mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the liver. In conclusion, the consumption of clarified goat butter improved plama lipids but reduced HDL, did not elevated fat liver or liver enzimes but lipid peroxidation was increased. Thus, combined supplementation with clarified goat butter complemented with turmeric did not result in additional benefits when the treatment occurred during adolescence.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions forecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosys-tem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts withdomestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their fulldistribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths.Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae(3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data onDasypus pilo-sus(Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized,but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In thisdata paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence andquantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is fromthe southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of theNeotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regardinganteaters,Myrmecophaga tridactylahas the most records (n=5,941), andCyclopessp. havethe fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data isDasypus novemcinctus(n=11,588), and the fewest data are recorded forCalyptophractus retusus(n=33). Withregard to sloth species,Bradypus variegatushas the most records (n=962), andBradypus pyg-maeushas the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to makeoccurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly ifwe integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, andNeotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure,habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possiblewith the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data inpublications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are usingthese data