802 research outputs found

    Informatics: Science or Téchne?

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    Informatics is generally understood as a “new technology” and is therewith discussed according to technological aspects such as speed, data retrieval, information control and so on. Its widespread use from home appliances to enterprises and universities is not the result of a clear-cut analysis of its inner possibilities but is rather dependent on all sorts of ideological promises of unlimited progress. We will discuss the theoretical definition of informatics proposed in 1936 by Alan Turing in order to show that it should be taken as final and complete. This definition has no relation to the technology because Turing defines computers as doing the work of solving problems with numbers. This formal definition implies nonetheless a relation to the non-formalized elements around informatics, which we shall discuss through the Greek notion of téchne

    Dispositifs informatiques et dysfonctionnements

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    Dor e historicidade no poema

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    Procuraremos investigar as condições filosóficas que permitiram que o pensamento de Heidegger tenha identificado, nos anos 1930, a questão da comunidade àquela da Alemanha. Trata-se de mostrar que isso se deve ao modo pelo qual ele compreendeu o contexto de surgimento de sua investigação. Na sequência de sua obra (em particular no conjunto de estudos sobre poesia da década de 1950, reunidos em A Caminho da Linguagem), Heidegger procurará interrogar uma transformação desse contexto que impedirá todo pensamento da comunidade em termos de limites locais

    Illustrated Postcards: a look at the silos of the district of Portalegre

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    A colecção de Postais ilustrados com vistas dos silos assume-se como um olhar sobre os silos do distrito de Portalegre. Os silos da EPAC são edifícios francamente distintos. Detentores de uma envergadura que reclama um estatuto, inserem-se na paisagem como monumentos e são pertença do colectivo e da identidade local

    Escrita e compreensão

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    Este artigo discute os textos de Hannah Arendt a partir de um problema particular: aquele relativo à procura da compreensão. Esse problema é importante não apenas porque seus textos realizam uma contribuição decisiva para a compreensão daquilo que a política se tornou a partir do século XX, mas, sobretudo, porque ele nomeia o ponto sensível de sua escrita

    Applications of Surface Active Ionic Liquids

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    The overall objective of this thesis is to take advantage of the existence of polar/non-polar domains in ionic liquids, specifically surfactants, to develop new applications of these salts. Silver chloride nanoparticles were synthesised using solely the surfactant ionic liquid trihexyl(tetradecyl)-phosphonium chloride and AgCl bulk powder. The nanoparticles were characterised and tested as nanocatalysts in the photodegradation of Orange II. An almost complete degradation can be achieved, in optimal conditions, and the nanoparticles can be recycled. The same method of synthesis was used to prepare ionanofluids consisting of AgI nanoparticles in the ionic liquid trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride. High concentrate and stable nanofluids were obtained and characterised. The use of this method, with a careful consideration in the selection of the ionic liquid and nanoparticles, allows obtaining nanofluids of enhanced properties. The capability of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium surfactant ionic liquids to improve surfactant enhanced oil recovery methods was analysed. Liquid–liquid equilibria of water + [Cnmim][NTf2] (n = 10 or 12) + n-dodecane ternary systems were measured at 298.15 and 348.15 K. These systems can be classified as Winsor III. Some drawbacks were detected to use these ionic liquids in oil recovery. However the PC-SAFT equation of state was able to predict the equilibria. Thus, this model can be a fast and cheap initial method for the screening of possible surfactants for this application. The bistrifluoromethylsulfonylimide anion of the previously tested ionic liquids was changed for acetate. The dynamic interfacial tensions between several formulations, containing the ionic liquid, and crude oil (Saharan blend) were evaluated by the spinning drop method. The results obtained significantly improve upon previous results obtained up to with other ionic liquids. Surfactant ionic liquids can be used for the synthesis of nanoparticles and ionanofluids, and are promising alternatives to evaluate for oil recovery

    MevaL: A Visual Machine Learning Model Evaluation Tool for Financial Crime Detection

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    Data Science and Machine Learning are two valuable allies to fight financial crime,the domain where Feedzai seeks to leverage its value proposition in support of its mission:to make banking and commerce safe. Data is at the core of both fields and this domain, sostructuring instances for visual consumption provides an effective way of understandingthe data and communicating insights.The development of a solution for each project and use case requires a careful andeffective Machine Learning Model Evaluation stage, as it is the major source of feedbackbefore deployment. The tooling for this stage available at Feedzai can be improved,accelerated, visually supported, and diversified to enable data scientists to boost theirdaily work and the quality of the models.In this work, I propose to collect and compile internal and external input, in terms ofworkflow and Model Evaluation, in a proposal hierarchically segmented by well-definedobjectives and tasks, to instantiate the proposal in a Python package, and to iteratively val-idate the package with Feedzai’s data scientists. Therefore, the first contribution is MevaL,a Python package for Model Evaluation with visual support, integrated into Feedzai’s DataScience environment by design. In fact, MevaL is already being leveraged as a visualization package on two internal reporting projects that are serving some of Feedzai’s majorclients.In addition to MevaL, the second contribution of this work is the Model EvaluationTopology developed to ensure clear communication and design of features.A Ciência de Dados e a Aprendizagem Automática [277] são duas valiosas aliadas no combate à criminalidade económico-financeira, o domínio em que a Feedzai procura potenciar a sua proposta de valor em prol da sua missão: tornar o sistema bancário e o comércio seguros. Além disso, os dados estão no centro das duas áreas e deste domínio.Assim, a estruturação visual dos mesmos fornece uma maneira eficaz de os entender e transmitir informação.O desenvolvimento de uma solução para cada projeto e caso de uso requer um estágiocuidadoso e eficaz de Avaliação de Modelos de Aprendizagem Automática, pois esteestágio coincide com a principal fonte de retorno (feedback) antes da implementaçãoda solução. As ferramentas de Avaliação de Modelos disponíveis na Feedzai podem seraprimoradas, aceleradas, suportadas visualmente e diversificadas para permitir que oscientistas de dados impulsionem o seu trabalho diário e a qualidade destes modelos.Neste trabalho, proponho a recolha e compilação de informação interna e externa, em termos de fluxo de trabalho e Avaliação de Modelos, numa proposta hierarquicamente segmentada por objetivos e tarefas bem definidas, a instanciação desta proposta num pacote Python e a validação iterativa deste pacote em colaboração com os cientistas de dados da Feedzai. Posto isto, a primeira contribuição deste trabalho é o MevaL, um pacote Python para Avaliação de Modelos com suporte visual, integrado no ambiente de Ciência de Dados da Feedzai. Na verdade, o MevaL já está a ser utilizado como um pacote de visualização em dois projetos internos de preparação de relatórios automáticos para alguns dos principais clientes da Feedzai.Além do MevaL, a segunda contribuição deste trabalho é a Topologia de Avaliação de Modelos desenvolvida para garantir uma comunicação clara e o design enquadrado das diferentes funcionalidades

    Valorisation of saline wastewaters: a challenge for the obtainment of bioproducts

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    The present thesis proposes the obtainment of high value-added products from industrial waste with high content of salt. The value-added products considered in this thesis are: (1) Biogas, well-known of being a renewable energy produced by means of anaerobic digestion. (2) Fatty acids, also obtained by anaerobic digestion, but without allowing the process to continue to the methanogenesis stage. From these compound, chemicals, biofuels, or even bioplastics can be obtained. (3) Polyhydroxyalkanoates, obtained from the aerobic treatment of the acidified effluent from the anaerobic fermenter. These biopolymers are known to have comparable properties to conventional thermoplastics and are good candidates to substitute them in some fields. The proposed system for the treatment of industrial saline effluents includes the start-up of the different reactors, the follow-up of the operation and the characterisation of the influents, effluents and value added products

    The contribution of 360 deals to the recorded music industry

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    The present dissertation reflects on the contribution of 360 deals to the recorded music industry. This contractual form has been arising in order to easily recoup the investments provided by record labels to the artist and to explore other new revenue streams. The framework of the study is supported by the current state of the industry and an overview of the previous research concerning the recorded music market. Record labels have been struggling for the past years with the decrease of recorded music sales. The digital era has allowed a massification on music consumption, as the Internet has provided easier access to music, whether through new legal platforms but also through illegal downloading. A qualitative approach was carried out in order to comprehend the new concepts and challenges faced by the recorded companies. Six personal interviews with music executives were conducted, according to a structured guide elaborated, based on the literature review. Combining this data, some previous propositions were made in order to explain the current state of the industry and how 360 deals are being implemented in the industry, namely in Portugal, and its benefits and implications. This thesis shows exploratory directions, such as: the 360 deals are playing an important role on monetizing the investments from record labels, as the industry does not have to rely exclusively in recorded music sales anymore, participating active or passively on other income sources provided by this contractual form and, at the same time, diminishing the risk attached to the investment made.A presente dissertação reflecte a contribuição dos contratos 360 para a indústria discográfica. Esta modalidade contratual possibilita que os investimentos providenciados pelas editoras discográficas aos seus artistas sejam mais facilmente recuperados, bem como para que seja possível a exploração de outras fontes de receita. O âmbito deste estudo é fundamentado através do estado actual da indústria discográfica, bem como por investigação feita acerca deste mercado. As editoras discográficas têm enfrentado grandes dificuldades devido à diminuição da venda de música. A era digital permitiu que o consumo de música se massificasse, dado que a Internet garantiu um acesso mais fácil à música, seja através de novas plataformas legais, mas também através de descarga ilegal. Foi feita uma abordagem de estudo qualitativa, de forma a compreender estes novos conceitos e desafios enfrentados pela indústria discográfica. Foram feitas seis entrevistas a profissionais da área da música, de acordo com um guião estruturado, elaborado a partir da revisão de literatura. Combinando esta informação, foram definidas proposições de forma a explicar o estado actual da indústria e perceber de que forma os contratos 360 estão a ser implementados, nomeadamente em Portugal, bem como as suas vantagens e limitações. Esta tese demonstra que os contratos 360 têm um papel importante na monetização dos investimentos feitos pelas editoras discográficas, não tendo a indústria de depender exclusivamente da venda de música gravada. Assim, esta modalidade contractual permite que a editora participe activa ou passivamente noutras fontes de receita, diminuindo o risco associado ao investimento feito
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