Neuro-estimador do Ciclo Diurno de Co2V

The emission rate of minority atmospheric gases is inferred bya new approach based on artificial neural network (ANN) multilayerperceptron (MLP). Synthetic data are used for training the ANN. Theinverse solution is obtained by applying the ANN to identify the diurnalcycle for the rate of carbon dioxide on an area with different vegetationcovering: pasture and rainforest.A taxa de emissão dos gases minoritários da atmosfera é estimadapor uma nova abordagem baseada na rede neural artificial (RNA)multilayer perceptron (MLP). Dados sintéticos são usados para treinar arede. A solução inversa é obtida com aplicação da RNA para identificar ataxa do ciclo diurno do dióxido de carbono em uma área com coberturavegetal variável: pastagem e floresta tropical

Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker and therapeutic potential and have generated broad interest, as evidenced by the steady year-on-year increase in the numbers of scientific publications about EVs. Important advances have been made in EV metrology and in understanding and applying EV biology. However, hurdles remain to realising the potential of EVs in domains ranging from basic biology to clinical applications due to challenges in EV nomenclature, separation from non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation and functional studies. To address the challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) updates its 'Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles', which was first published in 2014 and then in 2018 as MISEV2014 and MISEV2018, respectively. The goal of the current document, MISEV2023, is to provide researchers with an updated snapshot of available approaches and their advantages and limitations for production, separation and characterisation of EVs from multiple sources, including cell culture, body fluids and solid tissues. In addition to presenting the latest state of the art in basic principles of EV research, this document also covers advanced techniques and approaches that are currently expanding the boundaries of the field. MISEV2023 also includes new sections on EV release and uptake and a brief discussion of in vivo approaches to study EVs. Compiling feedback from ISEV expert task forces and more than 1000 researchers, this document conveys the current state of EV research to facilitate robust scientific discoveries and move the field forward even more rapidly

A practical approach to dietary interventions for nondialysis-dependent CKD patients: the experience of a reference nephrology center in Brazil

This paper describes the 30-year experience on nutritional management of non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients in a public outpatient clinic located in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. A team of specialized dietitians in renal nutrition is responsible to provide individual dietary counseling for patients on stages 3 to 5 of CKD. Two different types of nutrition care protocols are employed depending on the level of renal function. For patients with CKD stage 3 a simplified nutritional assessment is performed and the main dietary focus is on the control of protein intake particularly from animal sources. A more complete nutritional assessment as well as a detailed dietary plan focusing not only on the control of protein but also on energy supply and on specific micronutrients is provided for patients on stages 4 or 5 of CKD. Practical approaches and tools used by the dietitians in our clinic for improving patient´s adherence to protein, sodium and potassium restriction while maintaining a healthy diet are described in detail in the sections of the article

¿Es posible el diagnóstico de la neoplasia folicular no invasiva con características nucleares de tipo de carcinoma papilar de tiroides (NIFTP) en nuestro medio?

Introducción: La variante folicular encapsulada no invasiva del carcinoma papilar detiroides (CPT) se re-clasificó como neoplasia folicular de tiroides no invasiva concaracterísticas nucleares de tipo papilar (NIFTP). Estos tumores se consideran comoneoplasias de muy bajo potencial maligno, con riesgo casi nulo de recurrencia ymortalidad. Objetivos: i) valorar la prevalencia de NIFTP en pacientes con CPT, ii) evaluar laevolución de los mismos y, iii) determinar las alteraciones moleculares halladas en estetipo de neoplasia.Materiales y Métodos: Estudio multicéntrico retrospectivo, observacional,longitudinal, que incluyó a pacientes con diagnóstico de CPT mayores de 18 añospertenecientes a 11 centros asistenciales de Argentina, diagnosticados entre el 1 deenero de 2006 y el 31 de diciembre de 2016. El diagnóstico de NIFTP se efectuó segúnlos criterios referidos por Nikiforov en el año 2016 y fue confirmado por al menos dospatólogos. Se incluyeron 2677 muestras de pacientes con diagnóstico de carcinomapapilar de tiroides. De estos, 612 (22%) fueron carcinoma papilar variante folicular y33 (1,23%) reunieron criterios diagnósticos de NIFTP. Resultados: De las 2677 muestras analizadas, se diagnosticó NIFTP en 33 pacientes(1,23%), el total de pacientes evaluados habían sido tratados con tiroidectomía total y el51% recibió ablación con radioyodo (mediana 100 mCi). Ningún paciente presentómetástasis ganglionares, a distancia, o necesidad de re-intervención quirúrgica. Luegode un seguimiento promedio de 30,5 meses, la respuesta final se consideró excelente enel 82% y 3% presentó una respuesta indeterminada. En 5 casos (15%) no huboseguimiento para establecer respuesta. Se observaron mutaciones de RAS en 4 (17%) yde BRAF V600E en 3 (13%). Conclusiones: La prevalencia de NIFTP en esta serie se encuentra dentro de las másbajas reportadas. La respuesta excelente al tratamiento en la mayoría de pacientes conseguimiento confirma el carácter indolente de estos tumores. Los hallazgos molecularesdifieren de lo publicado, lo que podría deberse a particularidades geográficas y/o étnicas.Introduction: Non-invasive encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid cancer was reclassified as non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) in 2016. These neoplasms have an extremely low potential of malignancy. Objectives: i) to assess the prevalence of NIFTP in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma, ii) to evaluate their outcomes and iii) to determine their molecular profile. Materials and methods: Multicenter, descriptive, retrospective study. Patients from 11 referral centers with papillary thyroid cancer diagnosed from January 2006 to December 2016 were included. Diagnosis of NIFTP was based on criteria described by Nikiforov in 2016. At least two pathologists agreed on the diagnosis. Two thousand six hundred and seventy seven patients with papillary thyroid cancer were included; 612 (22%) of them were follicular variant papillary thyroid cancer, and 33 (1.23%) were classified as NIFTP. Results: Thirty three patients (1.23%) fulfilled diagnostic criteria for NIFTP. All patients underwent total thyroidectomy, and 51% were treated with radioiodine (median dose 100 mCi). No metastatic lymph nodes, distant metastases or recurrences were found. After a mean follow up of 30.5 months, 82% of patients had an excellent response, 3% had an indeterminate response and data was missing in the remaining 15%. RAS mutations were detected in 4 patients (17%) and BRAF V600E in 3 (13%). Discussion: The prevalence of NIFTP in our series is among the lowest reported. Excellent outcomes of patients underscore their low malignant potential. However, molecular findings differ from other series, which may be related to environmental or ethnic features of our population.Fil: Saban, Melina. Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Orlandi, Ana Maria. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Dr. Teodoro Álvarez"; ArgentinaFil: Deutsch, Susana I. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Juan A. Fernández"; ArgentinaFil: Pitoia, Fabián. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital de Clínicas General San Martín; ArgentinaFil: Lowenstein, Alicia Edita. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Ramos Mejía"; ArgentinaFil: Calabrese, M. C.. Gobierno de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos Carlos Durand; ArgentinaFil: Cavallo, Andrea. Hospital de Alta Complejidad de Formosa; ArgentinaFil: Lotti, Alejandro. Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Mosnteros Albi, M.. Hospital Dr. Arturo Oñativia - Salta Capital.; ArgentinaFil: Tolaba, N. Hospital Dr. Arturo Oñativia - Salta Capital.; ArgentinaFil: Nallar Dera, Marcelo. Hospital Dr. Arturo Oñativia - Salta Capital.; ArgentinaFil: Jaen, A.. Hospital Italiano; ArgentinaFil: Figurelli, Silvina. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Juan A. Fernández"; ArgentinaFil: Carrizo, F.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo"; ArgentinaFil: Colobraro, A.. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Ramos Mejía"; ArgentinaFil: Garcia Tascon, G.. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Dr. Teodoro Álvarez"; ArgentinaFil: Saccoliti, M.. Gobierno de la Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos Carlos Durand.; ArgentinaFil: Paes de Lima, A.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital de Clínicas General San Martín; ArgentinaFil: Lencioni, María Julia. Hospital de Alta Complejidad de Formosa; ArgentinaFil: Califano, Ines. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo"; ArgentinaFil: Cabezon, C.. Hospital Italiano; ArgentinaFil: Abelleira, E.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital de Clínicas General San Martín; ArgentinaFil: Alcaraz, G.. Hospital Privado Universitario de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Brenta, Gabriela. Hospital Cesar Milstein; ArgentinaFil: Bielski, Laila. Sanatorio Guemes Sociedad Anonima.; ArgentinaFil: Castro Jozami, Lorena. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Juan A. Fernández"; ArgentinaFil: Corino, M.. Hospital Italiano; ArgentinaFil: Faure, Eduardo. Complejo Medico Policial Bartolome Churruca Andres Visca; ArgentinaFil: Frascaroli, G.. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Dr. Teodoro Álvarez"; ArgentinaFil: Gauna, Alicia Teresa. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Ramos Mejía"; ArgentinaFil: Guerra, Jorgelina. Universidad Austral. Hospital Universitario Austral; ArgentinaFil: Gutierrez, S.. Gobierno de la Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos Carlos Durand.; ArgentinaFil: Ilera, Veronica. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Ramos Mejía"; ArgentinaFil: Iorcansky, S.. Hospital Italiano; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Maria Paz. Hospital Alemán; ArgentinaFil: Moldes, Sofia. Complejo Medico Policial Bartolome Churruca Andres Visca; ArgentinaFil: Negueruela, M.. Universidad Austral. Hospital Universitario Austral; ArgentinaFil: Oneto, A.. Gobierno de la Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos Carlos Durand.; ArgentinaFil: Parisi, Carina. Hospital Italiano; ArgentinaFil: Reyes, Adriana. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Ramos Mejía"; ArgentinaFil: Rosemblit, Cinthia. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Russo Picasso, Maria Fabiana. Hospital Italiano; ArgentinaFil: Salas, Monica Delia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital de Clínicas General San Martín; ArgentinaFil: Sartorio, Mariana Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Schnitman, M.. Hospital Italiano; ArgentinaFil: Sklate, Roxana. Hospital Tornu; ArgentinaFil: Croome, Silva. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Ramos Mejía"; ArgentinaFil: Storani, Maria Elena. Municipalidad de Vicente Lopez (buenos Aires); ArgentinaFil: Vazquez, A.. Gobierno de la Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos Carlos Durand.; ArgentinaFil: Zund, Santiago. Centro de Educaciones Médicas e Investigación Clínica "Norberto Quirno"; ArgentinaFil: Zunino, A.. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires; Argentin

Orientierungsschätzung mit einem Sliding Mode-Beobachter auf Basis Body Sensor Network-integrierter Inertialsensorik

Background: The fungal genus Sporothrix includes at least four human pathogenic species. One of these species, S. brasiliensis, is the causal agent of a major ongoing zoonotic outbreak of sporotrichosis in Brazil. Elsewhere, sapronoses are caused by S. schenckii and S. globosa. The major aims on this comparative genomic study are: 1) to explore the presence of virulence factors in S. schenckii and S. brasiliensis; 2) to compare S. brasiliensis, which is cat-transmitted and infects both humans and cats with S. schenckii, mainly a human pathogen; 3) to compare these two species to other human pathogens (Onygenales) with similar thermo-dimorphic behavior and to other plant-associated Sordariomycetes. Results: The genomes of S. schenckii and S. brasiliensis were pyrosequenced to 17x and 20x coverage comprising a total of 32.3 Mb and 33.2 Mb, respectively. Pair-wise genome alignments revealed that the two species are highly syntenic showing 97.5% average sequence identity. Phylogenomic analysis reveals that both species diverged about 3.8-4.9 MYA suggesting a recent event of speciation. Transposable elements comprise respectively 0.34% and 0.62% of the S. schenckii andS. brasiliensis genomes and expansions of Gypsy-like elements was observed reflecting the accumulation of repetitive elements in the S. brasiliensis genome. Mitochondrial genomic comparisons showed the presence of group-I intron encoding homing endonucleases (HE’s) exclusively in S. brasiliensis. Analysis of protein family expansions and contractions in theSporothrix lineage revealed expansion of LysM domain-containing proteins, small GTPases, PKS type1 and leucin-rich proteins. In contrast, a lack of polysaccharide lyase genes that are associated with decay of plants was observed when compared to other Sordariomycetes and dimorphic fungal pathogens, suggesting evolutionary adaptations from a plant pathogenic or saprobic to an animal pathogenic life style. Conclusions: Comparative genomic data suggest a unique ecological shift in the Sporothrix lineage from plant-association to mammalian parasitism, which contributes to the understanding of how environmental interactions may shape fungal virulence. . Moreover, the striking differences found in comparison with other dimorphic fungi revealed that dimorphism in these close relatives of plant-associated Sordariomycetes is a case of convergent evolution, stressing the importance of this morphogenetic change in fungal pathogenesis

Comparative genomics of the major fungal agents of human and animal Sporotrichosis: Sporothrix schenckii and Sporothrix brasiliensis

Abstract Background The fungal genus Sporothrix includes at least four human pathogenic species. One of these species, S. brasiliensis, is the causal agent of a major ongoing zoonotic outbreak of sporotrichosis in Brazil. Elsewhere, sapronoses are caused by S. schenckii and S. globosa. The major aims on this comparative genomic study are: 1) to explore the presence of virulence factors in S. schenckii and S. brasiliensis; 2) to compare S. brasiliensis, which is cat-transmitted and infects both humans and cats with S. schenckii, mainly a human pathogen; 3) to compare these two species to other human pathogens (Onygenales) with similar thermo-dimorphic behavior and to other plant-associated Sordariomycetes. Results The genomes of S. schenckii and S. brasiliensis were pyrosequenced to 17x and 20x coverage comprising a total of 32.3 Mb and 33.2 Mb, respectively. Pair-wise genome alignments revealed that the two species are highly syntenic showing 97.5% average sequence identity. Phylogenomic analysis reveals that both species diverged about 3.8-4.9 MYA suggesting a recent event of speciation. Transposable elements comprise respectively 0.34% and 0.62% of the S. schenckii and S. brasiliensis genomes and expansions of Gypsy-like elements was observed reflecting the accumulation of repetitive elements in the S. brasiliensis genome. Mitochondrial genomic comparisons showed the presence of group-I intron encoding homing endonucleases (HE’s) exclusively in S. brasiliensis. Analysis of protein family expansions and contractions in the Sporothrix lineage revealed expansion of LysM domain-containing proteins, small GTPases, PKS type1 and leucin-rich proteins. In contrast, a lack of polysaccharide lyase genes that are associated with decay of plants was observed when compared to other Sordariomycetes and dimorphic fungal pathogens, suggesting evolutionary adaptations from a plant pathogenic or saprobic to an animal pathogenic life style. Conclusions Comparative genomic data suggest a unique ecological shift in the Sporothrix lineage from plant-association to mammalian parasitism, which contributes to the understanding of how environmental interactions may shape fungal virulence. . Moreover, the striking differences found in comparison with other dimorphic fungi revealed that dimorphism in these close relatives of plant-associated Sordariomycetes is a case of convergent evolution, stressing the importance of this morphogenetic change in fungal pathogenesis