Objetivos terapêuticos para psicanálise e psicoterapia psicanalítica : Freud, Klein, Bion, Winnicott, Kohut

A concepção ontológica da psicanálise envolve tanto uma forma de compreender os fenômenos humanos e sociais quanto uma abordagem terapêutica. Para aqueles clínicos que percebem a prática psicanalítica como um tratamento, parece importante revisar quais os objetivos terapêuticos do método psicanalítico e os fatores a serem considerados ao analisar a efetividade desse tipo de intervenção. Para tanto, os autores revisam as contribuições de cinco escolas do movimento psicanalítico, as de Freud, Klein, Bion, Winnicott e Kohut. Como a maior parte da literatura disponível refere-se à psicanálise, justifica-se a importação de alguns de seus postulados à psicoterapia psicanalítica e à discussão de especificidades da última. A noção de ética aplicada ao trabalho do psicoterapeuta/analista aparece como princípio norteador na prática psicoterapêutica e dá coesão às distintas abordagens teóricas.The ontological conception of psychoanalysis involves both a way of understanding human and social phenomena and a therapeutic approach. For those clinicians who perceive the psychoanalytic practice as a treatment, it seems important to review the therapeutic goals of the psychoanalytic method and what factors should be considered when analyzing the effectiveness of this type of intervention. For this purpose, the authors review the contributions of five schools of the psychoanalytic movement - Freud, Klein, Bion, Winnicott and Kohut. As most of the available literature refers to psychoanalysis, it is justified to import some of its postulates to psychoanalytic psychotherapy and to discuss specificities of the latter. The notion ethics applied to the work of psychotherapist / analyst appears as a guiding principle in psychotherapeutic practice and gives cohesion to the different theoretical approaches

Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and risk of lymphoma subtypes

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a transcription factor implicated in several pathways known to be relevant in lymphomagenesis. Aim of our study was to explore the link between AhR activation and risk of lymphoma subtypes. We used a Dual-Luciferase Assay® and a luminometer to detect the activation of the luciferase gene, in HepG2 cells transfected with a specific reporter systems, by a 50 ml serum aliquot of cases of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (N = 108), follicular lymphoma (N = 85), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (N = 72), multiple myeloma (N = 80), and Hodgkin lymphoma (N = 94) and 357 controls who participated in the multicentre Italian study on gene-environment interactions in lymphoma etiology (ItGxE). Risk of each lymphoma subtype associated with AhR activation was calculated with polytomous logistic regression adjusting by age, gender, and study centre. The overall prevalence of AhR activation ranged 13.9-23.6% by subtype, and it varied by study area (8-39%). Risk associated with AhR activation was moderately elevated for follicular lymphoma (OR = 1.56, 95% CI 0.86, 2.80) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (OR = 1.56, 95% CI 0.83, 2.96). Despite our inconclusive findings about the association with risk of lymphoma subtypes, we showed that the Dual-Luciferase Assay can be reliably and easily applied in population-based studies to detect AhR activation

Genetically Determined Height and Risk of Non-hodgkin Lymphoma

Although the evidence is not consistent, epidemiologic studies have suggested that taller adult height may be associated with an increased risk of some non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) subtypes. Height is largely determined by genetic factors, but how these genetic factors may contribute to NHL risk is unknown. We investigated the relationship between genetic determinants of height and NHL risk using data from eight genome-wide association studies (GWAS) comprising 10,629 NHL cases, including 3,857 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), 2,847 follicular lymphoma (FL), 3,100 chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and 825 marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) cases, and 9,505 controls of European ancestry. We evaluated genetically predicted height by constructing polygenic risk scores using 833 height-associated SNPs. We used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for association between genetically determined height and the risk of four NHL subtypes in each GWAS and then used fixed-effect meta-analysis to combine subtype results across studies. We found suggestive evidence between taller genetically determined height and increased CLL risk (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.00–1.17, p = 0.049), which was slightly stronger among women (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.01–1.31, p = 0.036). No significant associations were observed with DLBCL, FL, or MZL. Our findings suggest that there may be some shared genetic factors between CLL and height, but other endogenous or environmental factors may underlie reported epidemiologic height associations with other subtypes

[Study of diagnostic features, health care quality and surgical treatment among women living in the LHAs of Novara and Verbano Cusio Ossola hospitalized for breast cancer]

This study included 304 women, 128 Screen Detected (SD) e 176 non Screen Detected (NSD), aged 50-69, living in the ex-local health authorities (LHAs) 13 and 14, hospitalized for breast cancer or related chemotherapy or radiation treatments in 2003-2004. Some variables were detected from medical records in order to evaluate the local screening program. The results confirm that a prevention activity allows a rapid identification of cancer and less invasive surgery procedures

Objetivos terapêuticos para psicanálise e psicoterapia psicanalítica : Freud, Klein, Bion, Winnicott, Kohut

A concepção ontológica da psicanálise envolve tanto uma forma de compreender os fenômenos humanos e sociais quanto uma abordagem terapêutica. Para aqueles clínicos que percebem a prática psicanalítica como um tratamento, parece importante revisar quais os objetivos terapêuticos do método psicanalítico e os fatores a serem considerados ao analisar a efetividade desse tipo de intervenção. Para tanto, os autores revisam as contribuições de cinco escolas do movimento psicanalítico, as de Freud, Klein, Bion, Winnicott e Kohut. Como a maior parte da literatura disponível refere-se à psicanálise, justifica-se a importação de alguns de seus postulados à psicoterapia psicanalítica e à discussão de especificidades da última. A noção de ética aplicada ao trabalho do psicoterapeuta/analista aparece como princípio norteador na prática psicoterapêutica e dá coesão às distintas abordagens teóricas.The ontological conception of psychoanalysis involves both a way of understanding human and social phenomena and a therapeutic approach. For those clinicians who perceive the psychoanalytic practice as a treatment, it seems important to review the therapeutic goals of the psychoanalytic method and what factors should be considered when analyzing the effectiveness of this type of intervention. For this purpose, the authors review the contributions of five schools of the psychoanalytic movement - Freud, Klein, Bion, Winnicott and Kohut. As most of the available literature refers to psychoanalysis, it is justified to import some of its postulates to psychoanalytic psychotherapy and to discuss specificities of the latter. The notion ethics applied to the work of psychotherapist / analyst appears as a guiding principle in psychotherapeutic practice and gives cohesion to the different theoretical approaches

Appunti per una cultura del tirocinio

Le pagine si riferiscono alla parte specifica di contributo dell'autrice M. De Rossi, Il tutor di tirocinio, una figura di mediazione, nell'articolo Appunti per una cultura del tirocinio. Il contenuto dell'articolo fa riferimento al modello curricolare del corso di laurea di Scienze della Formazione Primaria dell'Universit\ue0 degli Studi di Padova. La parte dell'articolo in oggetto evidenzia il ruolo dell'azione di tutorato nei percorsi integrati di formazione universitaria tra saperi teorici, apprendimento riflessivo e pratiche professionali

Characterization of road dust emissions in milan: Impact of vehicle fleet speed

Road dust suspension is an increasing concern in terms of being a source of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) in cities, due to its toxicity and the lack of knowledge on emission estimates, impact and mostly with respect to measures to control or mitigate it. Both technological and policy measures have been proposed, but their application is limited by the gap of knowledge on their effectiveness in the real world. This study analyses the real-world emission factors of road dust at ten sites in the city of Milan (Italy), with an emphasis on the impact of different fleet speeds at one particular road. PM10 emission factors were estimated by means of both the EPA method (based on silt loadings) and the vertical profile of dust deposition. Road dust silt loadings varied within 0.006-0.066 g m-2, with the highest loadings found at sites affected by construction works. Typical urban roads were found to have fleet-averaged emission factors within 13-32 mg vehicle-1 km-1, which is in the central range of the literature values in Europe. The emission factors estimated by means of the vertical profile approach were within 19-26 mg VKT-1, which agree quite well with the EPA method if corrected for speed. In fact, a power-law relation was found between fleet speed and emission factor estimates, with an exponent close to 1.5 for speeds within 36-57 km h-1. These results suggest that the limitation of the maximum traffic speed can be effective for mitigating road dust emissions in cities. © Taiwan Association for Aerosol Research.This study was funded by the Milan Council (Ambiente e Territorio s.r.l., AMAT) and the Italian Ministry of the Environment.Peer reviewe