28 research outputs found

    Bosques de Polylepis tarapacana en la cuenca Maure, extremo sur del Perú. Oportunidades para su conservación

    Get PDF
    Despite the importance of Polylepis forests for biodiversity and the environmental services provision in the southern Peruvian Altiplano (Tacna department), there is no updated scientific information to support effective conservation activities. Through remote sensing techniques the surface of Polylepis tarapacana forests in the Maure basin has been mapped and the main environmental factors were evaluated. The forest area obtained was compared with environmental factors such as altitude, climate, orientation and topographic protection. Unlike other Polylepis forests, the dominant orientation of Polylepis tarapacana patches is N-NE-E, exposed to solar insolation before the noon, and developing in areas with low morphometric protection and negative topographical wetness index (low probabilities to meet with shallow groundwater tables). 56,66% of the area obtained intercepts the Polylepis polygon of the 2018 National Map of Ecosystems of Peru, 30,12% is under regional conservation modality and 74,49% is located within the territories of six rural communities. This research generates a more precise forest polygon than those currently available, and allows the evaluation of alternatives for its protection. The expansion of the Regional Conservation Area Vilacota - Maure emerges as the best option to ensure the preservation of this forest, since it ensures the protection of almost all of the identified area.A pesar de la importancia de los bosques de Polylepis para la biodiversidad y la provisión de servicios ecosistémicos en el Altiplano del extremo sur del Perú (departamento de Tacna), se cuenta con muy poca información científica actualizada que sustente acciones efectivas de conservación. Mediante técnicas de sensoramiento remoto se ha delimitado la superficie de los bosques de Polylepis tarapacana en la cuenca Maure (Altiplano del departamento de Tacna) y evaluado los principales factores ambientales que afectan su desarrollo. Se comparó la superficie obtenida con factores ambientales influyentes para su desarrollo como la altitud, el clima y una serie de índices morfométricos como la orientación y la protección topográfica. A diferencia de otros bosques de Polylepis, la orientación dominante de estos parches de Polylepis tarapacana es N-NE-E, expuesto a insolación durante las horas previas al mediodía, además se desarrolla en sectores de baja protección del relieve y poca probabilidad de intercepción con acuíferos cercanos (valores negativos para el índice de humedad). El 56,66% del área identificada intercepta al polígono de Polylepis del Mapa Nacional de Ecosistemas del Perú del año 2018, el 30,12% se encuentra bajo una modalidad de conservación y el 74,49% se encuentra dentro de terrenos de seis comunidades campesinas. Esta investigación genera un polígono de bosque más preciso que los disponibles en la actualidad, y permite evaluar las alternativas para su protección. La ampliación del Área de Conservación Regional Vilacota - Maure emerge como la mejor opción para asegurar la preservación de este bosque, puesto que asegura la protección de la casi totalidad del área identificada

    Primer registro de <i>Liolaemus chungara</i> Quinteros et al., 2014 y <i>Liolaemus pleopholis</i> Laurent, 1998 para Perú (Reptilia, Liolaemidae)

    Get PDF
    Two new species of lizards of the genus Liolaemus are presented for Peru, L. chungara and L. pleopholis. Both species were previously described for northern Chile, relatively close to the border with Peru. The range of distribution for L. chungara is extended by around 100 kilometers and for L. pleopholis by around 170 kilometers. Both species were collected in high Andean environments, and their morphological characteristics agree with those of the species assigned here.Asociación Herpetológica Argentin

    A new lizard of the Liolaemus montanus group that inhabits the hyperarid desert of southern Peru

    Get PDF
    A new lizard of the genus Liolaemus is described from the Tacna region of southern of Peru. This species belongs to the L. montanus group and was initially thought to be L. poconchilensis and L. insolitus. However, a series of diagnostic characters differentiate it consistently from these two species and all other species of the genus. To determine the taxonomic status of these lizards, their phylogenetic relationships were analyzed, as well as their morphological and ecological characteristics. The results of the analysis support the conclusion that this population of lizards represents a new species to science, and that the new species is related to L. nazca and L. chiribaya. The new species has sexual dimorphism and is known from elevations of ca. 1,000 m above sea level in the hyperarid Pacifc deserts, which are populated by scattered Ephedra americana and Poissonia sp. Due to its highly restricted range and observed habitat loss, we recommend this species be categorized as Critically EndangeredUna nueva especie de lagarto del género Liolaemus es descrita para la Región Tacna, sur de Perú. Esta especie pertenece al grupo L. montanus, la que fue inicialmente confundida con L. poconchilensis y L. insolitus. Sin embargo, una serie de caracteres diagnósticos la diferencian consistentemente de estas y otras especies del género. Para determinar su estatus taxonómico, nosotros analizamos sus relaciones filogenéticas, así como sus características morfológicas y ecológicas. Nuestros resultados sustentan la conclusión que esta población es una nueva especie para la Ciencia, e indica que esta nueva especie está relacionada a L. nazca and L. chiribaya. La nueva especie presenta dimorfismo sexual, y es conocida en elevaciones cercanas a los 1,000 m sobre el nivel del mar, en el hiperárido desierto del Pacífico con matorral de Ephedra americana y Poissonia sp. Debido a su distribución restringida y la pérdida de hábitat observada, nosotros proponemos que sea incluida en la lista de especies amenazadas como En Peligro Crítico.Fil: Valladares Faundez, John Pablo. Universidad de Tarapaca.; ChileFil: Franco León, Pablo. Universidad Jorge Basadre Grohmann; PerúFil: Chipana, César Jove. Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann.; PerúFil: Navarro Guzmán, Marco. Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann.; PerúFil: Apaza, Javier Ignacio. Universidad Jorge Basadre Grohmann; PerúFil: Cáceres Musaja, César. Universidad Jorge Basadre Grohmann; PerúFil: Langstroth, Robert. Colección Boliviana de Fauna; Bolivia. Universidad Mayor de San Andrés; BoliviaFil: Aguilar Kiriguin, Alvaro. Colección Boliviana de Fauna; BoliviaFil: Gutierrez, Roberto C.. Universidad Nacional de San Agustín. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas. Departamento Académico de Biología. Museo de Historia Natural; PerúFil: Abdala, Cristian Simón. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico - Tucumán. Unidad Ejecutora Lillo; Argentin

    Characterization of Mandibular Border Movements and Mastication in Each Skeletal Class Using 3D Electromagnetic Articulography: A Preliminary Study.

    Full text link
    Mandibular movement recording is relevant for the planning and evaluation of mandibular function. These movements can include mandibular border movements (MBM) or mastication. Our objective was to characterize the kinematics of MBM and mastication among skeletal classes I, II, and III in the three spatial planes. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 30 participants. Instructions were provided on how to form Posselt's envelope and to perform masticatory. After data processing, we obtained numerical values for the areas, trajectories, and ranges of MBM that formed Posselt's envelope and the values for speed, masticatory frequency, and the areas of each masticatory cycle. Significant differences were found in the area of Posselt's envelope in the horizontal plane between skeletal classes I and III and in the range of right laterality between skeletal classes II and III. Mastication showed significant differences in the area of the masticatory cycles in the horizontal plane between classes I and III and between classes II and III. In conclusion, there were differences in MBM and mastication between skeletal classes III and I in the horizontal plane. This study supports the need to establish normal values for mandibular kinematics in skeletal class III

    APLICACIÓN DE TÉCNICAS SIG PARA LA COBERTURA SUPERFICIAL Y DISTRIBUCIÓN DEL BOSQUE DE Polylepis EN LA ZONA ANDINA DE MOQUEGUA 2018

    Get PDF
    En el presente trabajo presentamos los resultados del análisis especializado en Sistemas de Información Geográfica&nbsp;(SIG) de los bosques relictos alto andinos de Polylepis, existentes en la región Moquegua. Dicho análisis ha permitido&nbsp;determinar una cartografía más detallada y actualizada respecto de las que estudios anteriores, realizados en la misma&nbsp;zona, habían propuesto. A través de la aplicación de técnicas combinadas de modelamiento de distribuciones&nbsp;potenciales de especies (MDE), algoritmos probabilísticos (Bioclim y Domain), la interpretación visual de imágenes&nbsp;satelitales (Mejía, 2014) y la comprobación de campo se logró determinar en toda la zona andina de la región&nbsp;Moquegua una superficie actualizada de 23 081,60856 ha de bosques de Polylepis. Este resultado fue comparado con&nbsp;las estimaciones realizadas por el MINAM (2015), en la memoria descriptiva del Mapa Nacional de CoberturaVegetal, donde se estima para la zona una extensión de 5 265,343 ha. La información obtenida a partir de nuestra&nbsp;investigación, muestra datos mucho más precisos acerca de la superficie y distribución actual de los relictos en el&nbsp;lugar objeto de estudio; por ende, pueden servir como herramienta y guía en la cartografía a fin de cuantificar relictos&nbsp;aún existentes en otros espacios, así como para el manejo sostenible de los ecosistemas que se desarrollen en ellos

    A Morphological and Morphometric Dental Analysis as a Forensic Tool to Identify the Iberian Wolf (Canis Lupus Signatus)

    Get PDF
    Depredation by the Iberian wolf (Canis lupus signatus) is currently thought to be a problem in some areas of Spain. However, there are few technically validated forensic tools available to determine the veracity of claims with a high degree of scientific confidence, which is important given that such attacks may lead to compensation. The analysis of bite marks on attacked animals could provide scientific evidence to help identify the offender. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the morphological and morphometric characteristics of Iberian wolf dentition. This data collection would serve as a base-point for a more accurate identification of the wolves thorough their bite marks. For the first time, 36 dental variables have been studied in wolves' skulls, employing univariate and multivariate analyses. The general morphological dental characteristics of wolves are very similar in terms of their dental formula and tooth structure to other canids, like domestic dogs. Sex differentiation was evident, principally in terms of the maxillary distance between the palatal surfaces of the canine teeth (UbC) and the width of the left mandibular canine teeth (LlCWd). New morphometric reference information was obtained that can aid the forensic identification of bite marks caused by the Iberian wolf with greater confidence

    Lysosomal lipid alterations caused by glucocerebrosidase deficiency promote lysosomal dysfunction, chaperone-mediated-autophagy deficiency, and alpha-synuclein pathology

    Get PDF
    Mutations in the GBA gene that encodes the lysosomal enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase) are a major genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, we generated a set of differentiated and stable human dopaminergic cell lines that express the two most prevalent GBA mutations as well as GBA knockout cell lines as a in vitro disease modeling system to study the relationship between mutant GBA and the abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein. We performed a deep analysis of the consequences triggered by the presence of mutant GBA protein and the loss of GCase activity in different cellular compartments, focusing primarily on the lysosomal compartment, and analyzed in detail the lysosomal activity, composition, and integrity. The loss of GCase activity generates extensive lysosomal dysfunction, promoting the loss of activity of other lysosomal enzymes, affecting lysosomal membrane stability, promoting intralysosomal pH changes, and favoring the intralysosomal accumulation of sphingolipids and cholesterol. These local events, occurring only at a subcellular level, lead to an impairment of autophagy pathways, particularly chaperone-mediated autophagy, the main α-synuclein degradative pathway. The findings of this study highlighted the role of lysosomal function and lipid metabolism in PD and allowed us to describe a molecular mechanism to understand how mutations in GBA can contribute to an abnormal accumulation of different α-synuclein neurotoxic species in PD pathology.The authors wish to thank Dr. Arango (VHIR) for the PX461 vector and all the Vila lab members for their support. This work was supported by the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Spain)-FEDER (PI17/00496 and PI20/00728), the Michael J. Fox Foundation, the Silverstein Foundation (MJFF 16182), and the BBVA Foundation (NanoERT). M.M. was supported by an FPU doctoral fellowship (FPU18/05595) from MINECO (Spain); J.R. was supported by a PERIS fellowship (Generalitat de Catalunya); E.P. was supported by a VHIR doctoral fellowship (VHIR, Barcelona).Peer reviewe
    corecore