Videoconferencing of inmates with the defence lawyer or with the lawyer expressly called in relation to criminal matters

El uso de la videoconferencia en la Administración de Justicia española, y, más concretamente, en el proceso penal español, no es algo novedoso, ni siquiera en los centros penitenciarios, donde desde hace más de una década se hace uso de esta tecnología para facilitar la práctica de algunas actuaciones judiciales. Sin embargo, su uso para otros fines es completa o prácticamente inexistente, a pesar de que puede ser muy adecuada, entre otras cosas, para facilitar las comunicaciones entre el interno y sus familiares, para que se le preste al interno asistencia médica, o para las comunicaciones por videoconferencia de los internos con el abogado defensor o con el abogado expresamente llamado en relación con asuntos penales. Precisamente, este trabajo se centra en esta última posibilidad al analizar si actualmente este tipo de comunicaciones está regulada o no en la normativa penitenciaria española, si existen antecedentes al respecto en nuestro país, qué ventajas y deseventajas presenta, cómo ha de desarrollarse y qué garantías debe tener.The use of videoconferencing in the Spanish Administration of Justice, and more specifically, in the Spanish criminal process, is not something new, not even in prisons, where for more than a decade this technology has been used to facilitate the practice of some judicial proceedings. However, its use for other purposes is complete or practically non-existent, although it may be very appropriate, among other things, to facilitate communications between the inmate and his family, to provide the inmate with medical assistance, or for videoconferencing of inmates with the defence lawyer or with the lawyer expressly called in relation to criminal matters. Precisely, this work focuses on the latter possibility when analysing whether this type of communication is currently regulated or not in the Spanish penitentiary regulations, if there are antecedents in this respect in our country, what advantages and disadvantages does it present, how it must be developed and what guarantees it must have

Efficacy and safety of colchicine for the treatment of osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta‑analysis of intervention trials

Objective Colchicine, an approved treatment for gout, has been trialed in many diseases including osteoarthritis (OA) due to its anti-inflammatory effects. However, its efficacy and safety remain unclear in OA. This systematic review and metaanalysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of colchicine for the treatment of OA. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Central were searched from inception through September 2022. Two reviewers independently screened for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing colchicine with placebo or other active comparators for the treatment of OA (knee, hand, or hip OA), extracted data, and performed Cochrane risk of bias assessments. Result Nine RCTs for the knee OA and one for the hand OA were identified, consisting of 847 patients (429 in colchicine arms, 409 in control arms). The studies were conducted between 2002 and 2021 with follow-up periods ranging from 2 to 12 months, in India, Iran, Turkey, Australia, Singapore, and Iraq. Moderate-quality evidence showed no clinically important pain reduction with colchicine compared to control (standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], − 0.55, 0.22). Moderate-quality evidence showed no improvement in function with colchicine compared to control in knee OA patients (SMD, − 0.37; 95% CI, − 0.87, 0.13). Colchicine showed an acceptable safety profile with AEs/SAEs comparable to control. Conclusion Current evidence does not suggest a benefit of colchicine in reducing pain and improving physical function in the overall cohort of hand/knee OA patients. Future trials should focus on the subgroups of OA patients with local or systemic inflammation and/or mineralization who might benefit from colchicine.International Graduate Research Scholarship, University of TasmaniaNational Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia 2017-20Operational Programme Research, Development, and Education CZ.02.2.69/0.0/0.0/18_053/0016952 CAU

The Risk Assessment Scales are an Efficient Tool in the Prevention of Pressure Ulcers in Hospitalized Neonates.

In the last decade, the increase of new health technologies in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) -adapted from technological advances in adults- has led a significant increase in survival and prognosis of some neonates diseases with high-risk situations (premature) and critical conditions (respiratory distress). Some health technologies (mechanical ventilation, hemodiafiltration, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation-ECMO) require that the infant remains sedated and maintain prolonged immobility. This situation favouring the occurrence of Pressure Ulcers (PU) in hospitalized neonates. In Spain in neonatal units the prevalence rates are from 50% in NICU, and 12.5% in hospitalization [1-3]. Epidemiological studies in neonates are scarce and usually with little sample

El discreto encanto de la divulgación científica

Audiovisuales. Aumenta la presencia mediática de la I+D+i de la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Disponible en https://arcamm.uc3m.es/arcamm/?item=d202479ddc8e0501bcf31901c6a7f622 .La UC3M ha publicado el informe anual del impacto de las noticias de I+D+i, generadas por la universidad, en los medios. Los resultados muestran un aumento constante de la difusión de estos contenidos a partir de 2009, fecha desde la que se duplican las apariciones registradas. Se entrevista a Esperanza García, periodista científica, redactora jefa de la agencia SINC (Servicio de Información y Noticias Científicas) , sobre cómo hacer atractiva la información científica.Contine: El discreto encanto de la divulgación científica (pp. 12-13) .-- Entrevista / Esperanza García Molina (p. 14-15) .-- El reto de lograr que lo entienda "Tu abuela" / Pablo Jáuregui (p. 16) .-- Divertido es lo contrario de aburrido / José Pardina (p. 17)

Validity of Estimating the Maximal Oxygen Consumption by Consumer Wearables: A Systematic Review with Meta‑analysis and Expert Statement of the INTERLIVE Network

This research was partly funded by Huawei Technologies Oy (Finland) Co. Ltd. A limited liability company headquartered in Helsinki, Finland.Background Technological advances have recently made possible the estimation of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) by consumer wearables. However, the validity of such estimations has not been systematically summarized using metaanalytic methods and there are no standards guiding the validation protocols. Objective The aim was to (1) quantitatively summarize previous studies investigating the validity of the VO2max estimated by consumer wearables and (2) provide best-practice recommendations for future validation studies. Methods First, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies validating the estimation of VO2max by wearables. Second, based on the state of knowledge (derived from the systematic review) combined with the expert discussion between the members of the Towards Intelligent Health and Well-Being Network of Physical Activity Assessment (INTERLIVE) consortium, we provided a set of best-practice recommendations for validation protocols. Results Fourteen validation studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Meta-analysis results revealed that wearables using resting condition information in their algorithms significantly overestimated VO2max (bias 2.17 ml·kg−1·min−1; limits of agreement − 13.07 to 17.41 ml·kg−1·min−1), while devices using exercise-based information in their algorithms showed a lower systematic and random error (bias − 0.09 ml·kg−1·min−1; limits of agreement − 9.92 to 9.74 ml·kg−1·min−1). The INTERLIVE consortium proposed six key domains to be considered for validating wearable devices estimating VO2max, concerning the following: the target population, reference standard, index measure, testing conditions, data processing, and statistical analysis. Conclusions Our meta-analysis suggests that the estimations of VO2max by wearables that use exercise-based algorithms provide higher accuracy than those based on resting conditions. The exercise-based estimation seems to be optimal for measuring VO2max at the population level, yet the estimation error at the individual level is large, and, therefore, for sport/ clinical purposes these methods still need improvement. The INTERLIVE network hereby provides best-practice recommendations to be used in future protocols to move towards a more accurate, transparent and comparable validation of VO2max derived from wearables.Huawei Technologie

Las comunicaciones por videoconferencia de los internos con el abogado defensor o con el abogado expresamente llamado en relación con asuntos penales = Videoconferencing of inmates with the defence lawyer or with the lawyer expressly called in relation to criminal matters

Trata das comunicações de videoconferência de presos com o advogado de defesa. Enfatiza que esse uso é quase total ou praticamente inexistente, embora possa ser muito adequado. Analisa como está atualmente sua regulamentação nos presídios espanhóis, suas vantagens e desvantagens, como deve se desenvolver e quais garantias deve ter

Angular and Energy Distributions of Electrons Produced in Arbitrary Biomaterials by Proton Impact

We present a simple method for obtaining reliable angular and energy distributions of electrons ejected from arbitrary condensed biomaterials by proton impact. Relying on a suitable description of the electronic excitation spectrum and a physically motivated relation between the ion and electron scattering angles, it yields cross sections in rather good agreement with experimental data in a broad range of ejection angles and energies, by only using as input the target composition and density. The versatility and simplicity of the method, which can be also extended to other charged particles, make it especially suited for obtaining ionization data for any complex biomaterial present in realistic cellular environments.The authors recognize the financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad and the European Regional Development Fund (Project No. FIS2010–17225). PdV acknowledges financial support from the European Union’s FP7-People Program (Marie Curie Actions) within the Initial Training Network No. 608163 "ARGENT". Support from the European COST Action MP1002 NanoIBCT is gratefully acknowledged

Quality assessment in initial paediatric trauma care : Systematic review from prehospital care to the paediatric intensive care unit

Background Trauma is the most common cause of death and disability in the paediatric population. There are a huge number of variables involved in the care they receive from health care professionals. Aim The aim of this study was to review the available evidence of initial paediatric trauma care throughout the health care process with a view to create quality indicators (QIs). Study Design A systematic review was performed from Cochrane Library, Medline, Scopus and SciELO between 2010 and 2020. Studies and guidelines that examined quality or suggested QI were included. Indicators were classified by health care setting, Donabedian's model, risk of bias and the quality of the publication with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) assessment. Results The initial search included 686 articles, which were reduced to 22, with 15 primary and 7 secondary research articles. The snowball sampling technique was used to add a further seven guidelines and two articles. From these, 534 possible indicators were extracted, summarizing them into 39 and grouping the prehospital care indicators as structure (N = 5), process (N = 12) and outcome (N = 3) indicators and the hospital care indicators as structure (N = 4), process (N = 10) and outcome (N = 6) indicators. Most of the QIs have been extracted from US studies. They are multidisciplinary and in some cases are based on an adaptation of the QIs of adult trauma care. Conclusions There was a clear gap and large variability between the indicators, as well as low-quality evidence. Future studies will validate indicators using the Delphi method. Relevance to Clinical Practice Design a QI framework that may be used by the health system throughout the process. Indicators framework will get nurses, to assess the quality of health care, detect deficient areas and implement improvement measures

Recommendations for Determining the Validity of Consumer Wearables and Smartphones for the Estimation of Energy Expenditure: Expert Statement and Checklist of the INTERLIVE Network

Open Access funding provided by the IReL Consortium. This research was partly funded by Huawei Technologies, Finland. RA and BC are partly funded by Science Foundation Ireland (12/RC/2289_P2). PMG and FBO are supported by grants from the MINECO/FEDER (DEP2016-79512-R) and from the University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Scientific Excellence Unit on Exercise and Health (UCEES); Junta de Andalucia, Consejeria de Conocimiento, Investigacion y Universidades and European Regional Development Funds (ref. SOMM17/6107/UGR). JT and JS are partly funded by the Research Council of Norway (249932/F20). AG is supported by a European Research Council Grant (grant number 716657).Background Consumer wearables and smartphone devices commonly offer an estimate of energy expenditure (EE) to assist in the objective monitoring of physical activity to the general population. Alongside consumers, healthcare professionals and researchers are seeking to utilise these devices for the monitoring of training and improving human health. However, the methods of validation and reporting of EE estimation in these devices lacks rigour, negatively impacting on the ability to make comparisons between devices and provide transparent accuracy. Objectives The Towards Intelligent Health and Well-Being Network of Physical Activity Assessment (INTERLIVE) is a joint European initiative of six universities and one industrial partner. The network was founded in 2019 and strives towards developing best-practice recommendations for evaluating the validity of consumer wearables and smartphones. This expert statement presents a best-practice validation protocol for consumer wearables and smartphones in the estimation of EE. Methods The recommendations were developed through (1) a systematic literature review; (2) an unstructured review of the wider literature discussing the potential factors that may introduce bias during validation studies; and (3) evidence-informed expert opinions from members of the INTERLIVE network. Results The systematic literature review process identified 1645 potential articles, of which 62 were deemed eligible for the final dataset. Based on these studies and the wider literature search, a validation framework is proposed encompassing six key domains for validation: the target population, criterion measure, index measure, testing conditions, data processing and the statistical analysis. Conclusions The INTERLIVE network recommends that the proposed protocol, and checklists provided, are used to standardise the testing and reporting of the validation of any consumer wearable or smartphone device to estimate EE. This in turn will maximise the potential utility of these technologies for clinicians, researchers, consumers, and manufacturers/ developers, while ensuring transparency, comparability, and replicability in validation.IReL ConsortiumHuawei TechnologiesScience Foundation IrelandEuropean Commission 12/RC/2289_P2Spanish Government DEP2016-79512-RUniversity of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Scientific Excellence Unit on Exercise and Health (UCEES)Junta de AndaluciaEuropean Commission SOMM17/6107/UGRResearch Council of Norway 249932/F20European Research Council (ERC) 71665

Calculated energy loss of swift light ions in platinum and gold: importance of the target electronic excitation spectrum

Understanding and predicting the energy loss of swift ions in metals is important for many applications of charged particle beams, such as analysis and modification of materials, and recently for modelling metal nanoparticle radiosensitisation in ion beam cancer therapy. We have calculated the stopping power of the transition metals Pt and Au for protons and alpha particles in a wide energy range, using the dielectric formalism, which realistically accounts for the excitation spectrum of each metal through the Mermin Energy Loss Function - Generalised Oscillator Strength methodology. For each combination of projectile, energy and target, we have considered: (i) the equilibrium charge state of the projectile through the target, (ii) the energy-loss due to electron capture and loss processes, and (iii) the energy loss resulting from the polarisation of the projectile's electronic cloud due to the self-induced electric field. Our calculated stopping powers show a fairly good agreement with the available experimental data for platinum and gold, particularly the most recent ones around the stopping power maximum, which validates the methodology we have used to be further extended to other transition metals. For the materials studied (platinum and gold), two commonly used and different sources of the experimental excitation spectrum yield comparable calculated stopping powers and mean excitation energies, the latter being closer to the most recent data provided in a recent ICRU Report than to previous compilations. Despite the small differences in the sources of excitation spectra of these metals, they lead to practically the same stopping power results as far as they reproduce the main excitation features of the material and fulfil physically motivated sum rules.We thank financial support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 840752, the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad and the European Regional Development Fund (Project no. PGC2018-096788-B-I00), and the Fundación Séneca (Project no. 19907/GERM/15)