Design and Validation of a Novel Tool to Assess Citizens’ Netiquette and Information and Data Literacy Using Interactive Simulations

Until recently, most of the digital literacy frameworks have been based on assessment frameworks used by commercial entities. The release of the DigComp framework has allowed the development of tailored implementations for the evaluation of digital competence. However, the majority of these digital literacy frameworks are based on self-assessments, measuring only low-order cognitive skills. This paper reports on a study to develop and validate an assessment instrument, including interactive simulations to assess citizens’ digital competence. These formats are particularly important for the evaluation of complex cognitive constructs such as digital competence. Additionally, we selected two different approaches for designing the tests based on their scope, at the competence or competence area level. Their overall and dimensional validity and reliability were analysed. We summarise the issues addressed in each phase and key points to consider in new implementations. For both approaches, items present satisfactory difficulty and discrimination indicators. Validity was ensured through expert validation, and the Rasch analysis revealed good EAP/PV reliabilities. Therefore, the tests have sound psychometric properties that make them reliable and valid instruments for measuring digital competence. This paper contributes to an increasing number of tools designed to evaluate digital competence and highlights the necessity of measuring higher-order cognitive skills.This research received no external fundin

Validity of Estimating the Maximal Oxygen Consumption by Consumer Wearables: A Systematic Review with Meta‑analysis and Expert Statement of the INTERLIVE Network

This research was partly funded by Huawei Technologies Oy (Finland) Co. Ltd. A limited liability company headquartered in Helsinki, Finland.Background Technological advances have recently made possible the estimation of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) by consumer wearables. However, the validity of such estimations has not been systematically summarized using metaanalytic methods and there are no standards guiding the validation protocols. Objective The aim was to (1) quantitatively summarize previous studies investigating the validity of the VO2max estimated by consumer wearables and (2) provide best-practice recommendations for future validation studies. Methods First, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies validating the estimation of VO2max by wearables. Second, based on the state of knowledge (derived from the systematic review) combined with the expert discussion between the members of the Towards Intelligent Health and Well-Being Network of Physical Activity Assessment (INTERLIVE) consortium, we provided a set of best-practice recommendations for validation protocols. Results Fourteen validation studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Meta-analysis results revealed that wearables using resting condition information in their algorithms significantly overestimated VO2max (bias 2.17 ml·kg−1·min−1; limits of agreement − 13.07 to 17.41 ml·kg−1·min−1), while devices using exercise-based information in their algorithms showed a lower systematic and random error (bias − 0.09 ml·kg−1·min−1; limits of agreement − 9.92 to 9.74 ml·kg−1·min−1). The INTERLIVE consortium proposed six key domains to be considered for validating wearable devices estimating VO2max, concerning the following: the target population, reference standard, index measure, testing conditions, data processing, and statistical analysis. Conclusions Our meta-analysis suggests that the estimations of VO2max by wearables that use exercise-based algorithms provide higher accuracy than those based on resting conditions. The exercise-based estimation seems to be optimal for measuring VO2max at the population level, yet the estimation error at the individual level is large, and, therefore, for sport/ clinical purposes these methods still need improvement. The INTERLIVE network hereby provides best-practice recommendations to be used in future protocols to move towards a more accurate, transparent and comparable validation of VO2max derived from wearables.Huawei Technologie

Infographic art: a tool for creative inquiry and knowledge production in qualitative research

Un proyecto iniciado en 2019 gracias a una beca de investigación en arteterapia en el ámbito de la salud y los cuidados comunitarios tenía como objetivo el promover las relaciones entre arte, naturaleza y salud comunitaria. A partir de ahí se sentaría la base para los estudios de doctorado con el título “(Eco)Arte terapia en el vínculo adolescente con la naturaleza. Una mirada desde el arte, la educación y la salud comunitaria”. La investigación siguiendo una metodología cualitativa y basada en las artes pone el alcance en indagar sobre las relaciones de estas personas con su entorno natural, tanto por los beneficios saludables que produce como por las vulnerabilidades que se perciben. No obstante, la presente comunicación se centró en un aspecto parcial o hallazgo obtenido durante el proceso de elaboración de tesis: el descubrimiento de la infografía como técnica al servicio de la investigación cualitativa. Las competencias de este artículo están dirigidas a plasmar una nueva manera de entender y aplicar la infografía con creatividad artística a la salud de las personas. Veremos su utilidad para producir, recoger, visualizar y analizar datos dentro de la investigación. Mostraremos esta herramienta como una oportunidad para la creación de conocimiento desde la subjetividad, en un guiño a los indicadores convencionales que se vienen empleando en salud.A project started in 2019 thanks to a research grant in art therapy in the field of health and community care was aimed to promote the relationships between art, nature and community health. The foundations for the current phd studies were established in the title “(Eco) Art therapy in the adolescent bond with nature. A look from art, education and community health”. The research following a qualitative methodology art-based puts the scope in the relationships of these people with their natural environment, both in the healthy benefits and in the vulnerabilities they perceive. However, this communication focused on a partial aspect or finding obtained during the thesis making process: the discovery of infographics as a technique at the service of qualitative research. The scope of this article is aimed to portrait a new way of understanding and applying infographics within artistic creativity applied to the people´s health. We will see its usefulness to produce, to collect, to visualize and to analyze data during the research process. We will also show this tool as an opportunity for the creation of knowledge from subjectivity, a wink to the conventional indicators that are commonly used in health.Fac. de EducaciónTRUEpu

Desigualdades de género en el mercado de trabajo español: un análisis en el contexto europeo

En el trabajo se realiza un análisis de la brecha salarial y el mercado de trabajo en España en el contexto de la Unión EuropeaGrado en Administración y Dirección de Empresa

Recommendations for Determining the Validity of Consumer Wearables and Smartphones for the Estimation of Energy Expenditure: Expert Statement and Checklist of the INTERLIVE Network

Open Access funding provided by the IReL Consortium. This research was partly funded by Huawei Technologies, Finland. RA and BC are partly funded by Science Foundation Ireland (12/RC/2289_P2). PMG and FBO are supported by grants from the MINECO/FEDER (DEP2016-79512-R) and from the University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Scientific Excellence Unit on Exercise and Health (UCEES); Junta de Andalucia, Consejeria de Conocimiento, Investigacion y Universidades and European Regional Development Funds (ref. SOMM17/6107/UGR). JT and JS are partly funded by the Research Council of Norway (249932/F20). AG is supported by a European Research Council Grant (grant number 716657).Background Consumer wearables and smartphone devices commonly offer an estimate of energy expenditure (EE) to assist in the objective monitoring of physical activity to the general population. Alongside consumers, healthcare professionals and researchers are seeking to utilise these devices for the monitoring of training and improving human health. However, the methods of validation and reporting of EE estimation in these devices lacks rigour, negatively impacting on the ability to make comparisons between devices and provide transparent accuracy. Objectives The Towards Intelligent Health and Well-Being Network of Physical Activity Assessment (INTERLIVE) is a joint European initiative of six universities and one industrial partner. The network was founded in 2019 and strives towards developing best-practice recommendations for evaluating the validity of consumer wearables and smartphones. This expert statement presents a best-practice validation protocol for consumer wearables and smartphones in the estimation of EE. Methods The recommendations were developed through (1) a systematic literature review; (2) an unstructured review of the wider literature discussing the potential factors that may introduce bias during validation studies; and (3) evidence-informed expert opinions from members of the INTERLIVE network. Results The systematic literature review process identified 1645 potential articles, of which 62 were deemed eligible for the final dataset. Based on these studies and the wider literature search, a validation framework is proposed encompassing six key domains for validation: the target population, criterion measure, index measure, testing conditions, data processing and the statistical analysis. Conclusions The INTERLIVE network recommends that the proposed protocol, and checklists provided, are used to standardise the testing and reporting of the validation of any consumer wearable or smartphone device to estimate EE. This in turn will maximise the potential utility of these technologies for clinicians, researchers, consumers, and manufacturers/ developers, while ensuring transparency, comparability, and replicability in validation.IReL ConsortiumHuawei TechnologiesScience Foundation IrelandEuropean Commission 12/RC/2289_P2Spanish Government DEP2016-79512-RUniversity of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Scientific Excellence Unit on Exercise and Health (UCEES)Junta de AndaluciaEuropean Commission SOMM17/6107/UGRResearch Council of Norway 249932/F20European Research Council (ERC) 71665

Recommendations for determining the validity of consumer wearable and smartphone step count: expert statement and checklist of the INTERLIVE network

PBJ is supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (SFRH/BPD/115977/2016). WJ is partly funded by Science Foundation Ireland (12/RC/2289_P2). PMG and FBO are supported by grants from the MINECO/FEDER (DEP2016-79512-R) and from the University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Scientific Excellence Unit on Exercise and Health (UCEES); Junta de Andalucia, Consejeria de Conocimiento, Investigacion y Universidades and European Regional Development Funds (ref. SOMM17/6107/UGR). JMM is partly funded by Private Stiftung Ewald Marquardt fur Wissenschaft und Technik, Kunst und Kultur. UE and JS are partly funded by the Research Council of Norway (249932/F20). AG is supported a European Research Council Grant (grant number 716657). ELS is supported by TrygFonden (grant number 310081). This research was partly funded by Huawei Technologies, Finland.Consumer wearable and smartphone devices provide an accessible means to objectively measure physical activity (PA) through step counts. With the increasing proliferation of this technology, consumers, practitioners and researchers are interested in leveraging these devices as a means to track and facilitate PA behavioural change. However, while the acceptance of these devices is increasing, the validity of many consumer devices have not been rigorously and transparently evaluated. The Towards Intelligent Health and Well-Being Network of Physical Activity Assessment (INTERLIVE) is a joint European initiative of six universities and one industrial partner. The consortium was founded in 2019 and strives to develop best-practice recommendations for evaluating the validity of consumer wearables and smartphones. This expert statement presents a best-practice consumer wearable and smartphone step counter validation protocol. A two-step process was used to aggregate data and form a scientific foundation for the development of an optimal and feasible validation protocol: (1) a systematic literature review and (2) additional searches of the wider literature pertaining to factors that may introduce bias during the validation of these devices. The systematic literature review process identified 2897 potential articles, with 85 articles deemed eligible for the final dataset. From the synthesised data, we identified a set of six key domains to be considered during design and reporting of validation studies: target population, criterion measure, index measure, validation conditions, data processing and statistical analysis. Based on these six domains, a set of key variables of interest were identified and a 'basic' and 'advanced' multistage protocol for the validation of consumer wearable and smartphone step counters was developed. The INTERLIVE consortium recommends that the proposed protocol is used when considering the validation of any consumer wearable or smartphone step counter. Checklists have been provided to guide validation protocol development and reporting. The network also provide guidance for future research activities, highlighting the imminent need for the development of feasible alternative 'gold-standard' criterion measures for free-living validation. Adherence to these validation and reporting standards will help ensure methodological and reporting consistency, facilitating comparison between consumer devices. Ultimately, this will ensure that as these devices are integrated into standard medical care, consumers, practitioners, industry and researchers can use this technology safely and to its full potential.Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology SFRH/BPD/115977/2016Science Foundation IrelandEuropean Commission 12/RC/2289_P2MINECO/FEDER DEP2016-79512-RUniversity of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016, Excellence actions: Units of ExcellenceScientific Excellence Unit on Exercise and Health (UCEES)European Commission SOMM17/6107/UGRPrivate Stiftung Ewald Marquardt fur Wissenschaft und Technik, Kunst und KulturResearch Council of Norway 249932/F20European Research Council (ERC) European Commission 716657TrygFonden 310081Huawei TechnologiesJunta de Andaluci