144 research outputs found

    Towards symmetry driven and nature inspired UV filter design

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    In plants, sinapate esters offer crucial protection from the deleterious effects of ultraviolet radiation exposure. These esters are a promising foundation for designing UV filters, particularly for the UVA region (400 – 315 nm), where adequate photoprotection is currently lacking. Whilst sinapate esters are highly photostable due to a cis-trans (and vice versa) photoisomerization, the cis-isomer can display increased genotoxicity; an alarming concern for current cinnamate ester-based human sunscreens. To eliminate this potentiality, here we synthesize a sinapate ester with equivalent cis- and trans-isomers. We investigate its photostability through innovative ultrafast spectroscopy on a skin mimic, thus modelling the as close to true environment of sunscreen formulas. These studies are complemented by assessing endocrine disruption activity and antioxidant potential. We contest, from our results, that symmetrically functionalized sinapate esters may show exceptional promise as nature-inspired UV filters in next generation sunscreen formulations

    Common garden experiments in the genomic era : new perspectives and opportunities

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    PdV was supported by a doctoral studentship from the French Ministère de la Recherche et de l’Enseignement Supérieur. OEG was supported by the Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland (MASTS)The study of local adaptation is rendered difficult by many evolutionary confounding phenomena (e.g. genetic drift and demographic history). When complex traits are involved in local adaptation, phenomena such as phenotypic plasticity further hamper evolutionary biologists to study the complex relationships between phenotype, genotype and environment. In this perspective paper, we suggest that the common garden experiment, specifically designed to deal with phenotypic plasticity has a clear role to play in the study of local adaptation, even (if not specifically) in the genomic era. After a quick review of some high-throughput genotyping protocols relevant in the context of a common garden, we explore how to improve common garden analyses with dense marker panel data and recent statistical methods. We then show how combining approaches from population genomics and genome-wide association studies with the settings of a common garden can yield to a very efficient, thorough and integrative study of local adaptation. Especially, evidence from genomic (e.g. genome scan) and phenotypic origins constitute independent insights into the possibility of local adaptation scenarios, and genome-wide association studies in the context of a common garden experiment allow to decipher the genetic bases of adaptive traits.PostprintPeer reviewe

    Correlaciones bioestratigráficas en el Toarciense de la Península Ibérica.

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    [ES] La comparación entre las escalas bioestratigráficas del Toarciense de las Cordilleras Ibérica y Béticas y de Portugal ha permitido el establecimiento de varias correlaciones, a pesar de un cierto número de problemas (asociaciones fánicas de afinidades distintas, diferencia de criterios en la definición de las unidades cronológicas, ausencia local de ciertos indicadores paleontológicos, diversidad de las concepciones taxonómicas de los autores)[FR] La comparaison entre les échelles biostratigraphiques du Toarcien des Cordilléres lbérique et Bétiques et du Portugal a permit to l’établissement de plusieurs correlations. Malgré un certain nombre de problémes (associations fauniques d´affinitié. defferences de critères dans la définítion des unités cronologiques, absence locale de certaíns repères palèontologiques deversité des conceptions taxomiomiques des auteurs.[EN] Comparisons among biostratigraphic of the lberian Range. Betic Range and Portugal pcrmit to stablis correlations. Nevertheless some dificulties were present: faunics associations of different affinities. different criteria in the definition of the cronologic units local absence of some paleontological indicators and the contrasted opinions of the a uthíors about the taxomiomic concepts.Peer reviewe

    Arrachement traumatique de la tubérosité tibiale antérieure chez l'adolescent sportif

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    Présentation d'une série de 21 adolescents sportifs victimes d'un arrachement traumatique de la tubérosité tibiale antérieure, dont 12 présentaient des antécédents d'Osgood-Schlatter. Classification simplifiée des lésions anatomiques, méthodes thérapeutiques
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