Los asentamientos rurales en Cantabria. Propuesta de clasificación según el tipo de planta.

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La arquitectura popular indicador socioeconómico del medio rural. Situación en Cantabria.

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Dehydrins in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) and their expression related to drought stress response

Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) is an important commercial species throughout its Atlantic distribution. With the anticipated increase in desiccation of its habitat as a result of climate change, the selection of genotypes with increased survival and growth capability under these conditions for breeding programs is of great interest for this species. We aimed to study the response to a realistic drought stress under controlled conditions, looked for a method to measure dehydration resistance, and analyzed dehydrin expression in drought-resistant and drought-sensitive clones from different ecotypes. We report here the sequence characteristics and the expression patterns of five dehydrins from P. pinaster, along with the physiological characterization of drought stress responses in different genotypes (clonally replicated plants), originating from a broad geographical distribution across France and Spain (provenances). In total, we distinguished five different dehydrin genes in silico, grouped into two types—K2 and SKn. Three of the dehydrin genes had several sequence variants, differing by multiple or single amino acid substitutions. Only two of the dehydrins (PpinDhn3 and PpinDhn4) showed an increase in transcription with increased drought stress which was dependent on provenance and genotype, suggesting their involvement in drought resistance. The other dehydrins showed decreased expression trends with increased severity of the drought stress. The lack of close association between the drought stress and expression patterns of these dehydrin genes suggest that they could have other functions and not be involved in drought resistance. Our results suggest large differences in function between different dehydrin genes

Métodos de sincronización de celo en conejas primíparas lactantes a 25 días post-parto

La sincronización del celo es una técnica necesaria en las explotaciones cunícolas. En este trabajo se han utilizado un total de 60 conejas primíparas lactantes en día 25 post-parto (pp) distribuidas en 5 grupos de 12 animales: el grupo PG recibió un 2.5% de propilen glicol en el agua de bebida desde el día 22 pp, el grupo eCG se trató con 25 UI de eCG (i.m.) el día 23 pp, el grupo BIO fue separado transitoriamente de sus camadas durante 24 horas, el grupo PGBIO se suplementó con 2,5% de PG y además se le separó transitoriamente de su camada, y por último, el grupo C que no fue sincronizado. Estudiamos el efecto de estos tratamientos sobre el peso vivo, la composición corporal, el consumo de alimento, la concentración de los ácidos grasos no esterificados (AGNE), la glucosa y las proteínas plasmáticas, el crecimiento de los gazapos y la fisiología ovárica. Aunque todos los grupos tuvieron el mismo consumo de pienso, las conejas del grupo PG presentaron menos cantidad de proteína (P<0,003) y de grasa corporal (P<0,06) el día 25 pp que al principio del tratamiento. En los grupos PG y PGBIO, las concentraciones de AGNE no se modificaron y las concentraciones de proteínas plasmáticas eran más altas el día 22 que el 25 pp. En todos los grupos las concentraciones de glucosa aumentaron (P<0,001) y las camadas crecieron significativamente (P<0,001). Las poblaciones foliculares ováricas en el día 25 pp, así como la maduración nuclear in vitro de los oocitos no se vieron afectadas por ningún tratamiento. El grupo PG presentó una baja proporción de oocitos no madurados citoplásmicamente (P<0,05). En conclusión, ninguno de los tratamientos aplicados, incluido el hormonal, ha presentado resultados definitivamente mejores que el grupo control, por lo que es necesario estudiar otras combinaciones o métodos para poder conseguir mejorar sustancialmente los parámetros reproductivos en conejas primíparas lactantes en el día 25 pp

Quick spreading of the exotic amphipod Laticorophium baconi (Shoemaker, 1934): another small stowaway overlooked?

Studies of non-indigenous species (NIS) often tend to focus on medium and large-sized taxa with potential for remarkable ecological and/or economic impact, whereas the early detection of small invertebrates is often delayed due to taxonomic chal lenge, lack of consistent, standardised monitoring efforts and limited funding. This study represents the first records of the marine amphipod Laticorophium baconi (Shoemaker, 1934) in Morocco, Tunisia, Corsica (France), Italy, Greece, Egypt, Saudi Arabia and New Caledonia (France). Furthermore, it reports an expansion of its known distribution in Portugal (earliest and northernmost record for the country and first record for Macaronesia), Spain (earliest record for Atlantic and Mediterranean European waters), and Australia (first record for Indian Ocean). Recreational boating and commercial shipping, mainly through hull fouling and sec ondarily ballast waters, are proposed as vectors for introduction and secondary spread of L. baconi. The following traits, analysed during the present study, could contribute to its invasive potential: (i) quick and extensive spread of the species worldwide, (ii) high densities in marinas, harbours, hull fouling and other artificial habitats, including aquaculture facilities and floating debris, (iii) high ability for short-term colonisation of empty artificial niches, (iv) diet based on detritus suggesting an opportunistic feed ing behaviour, and (v) population survival during seasonal fluctuations in different regions. Taxonomic expertise and scientific collaboration, based on multidisciplinary networks of experts, are crucial for the early detection, distribution updates, and risk assessment of small and overlooked stowaways in marine environments

Las producciones escritas narrativas y explicativas de los ingresantes a las carreras de Inglés: problemáticas encontradas y aplicaciones didácticas

En general, los/as ingresantes a una carrera universitaria se enfrentan con una serie de desafíos que incluyen, entre otros, la adquisición de nuevas responsabilidades, mayores exigencias y la adaptación a un nuevo contexto social, institucional y educativo. En el presente trabajo abordaremos algunas de las problemáticas que los/as estudiantes de las carreras de inglés de los primeros años de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata experimentan en el proceso de producción de textos narrativos y explicativos; más precisamente, dentro del Curso de Ingreso a las carreras de Inglés así como en la materia del departamento de Letras, Introducción a los estudios del lenguaje y la comunicación (IELC).Eje 2: Nuevas experiencias y trayectorias estudiantiles. Desafíos para la inclusión educativa en la universidad. Reflexiones y debates en torno de la inclusión educativa en la universidadSecretaría de Asuntos Académico

Mild and short-term caloric restriction prevents obesity-induced cardiomyopathy in young zucker rats without changing in metabolites and fatty acids cardiac profile

Caloric restriction (CR) ameliorates cardiac dysfunction associated with obesity. However, most of the studies have been performed under severe CR (30-65% caloric intake decrease) for several months or even years in aged animals. Here, we investigated whether mild (20% food intake reduction) and short-term (2-weeks) CR prevented the obese cardiomyopathy phenotype and improved the metabolic profile of young (14 weeks of age) genetically obese Zucker fa/fa rats. Heart weight (HW) and HW/tibia length ratio was significantly lower in fa/fa rats after 2 weeks of CR than in counterparts fed ad libitum. Invasive pressure measurements showed that systolic blood pressure, maximal rate of positive left ventricle (LV) pressure, LV systolic pressure and LV end-diastolic pressure were all significantly higher in obese fa/fa rats than in lean counterparts, which were prevented by CR. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed that the increase in LV end-systolic volume, stroke volume and LV wall thickness observed in fa/fa rats was significantly lower in animals on CR diet. Histological analysis also revealed that CR blocked the significant increase in cardiomyocyte diameter in obese fa/fa rats. High resolution magic angle spinning magnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis of the LV revealed a global decrease in metabolites such as taurine, creatine and phosphocreatine, glutamate, glutamine and glutathione, in obese fa/fa rats, whereas lactate concentration was increased. By contrast, fatty acid concentrations in LV tissue were significantly elevated in obese fa/fa rats. CR failed to restore the LV metabolomic profile of obese fa/fa rats. In conclusion, mild and short-term CR prevented an obesity-induced cardiomyopathy phenotype in young obese fa/fa rats independently of the cardiac metabolic profile.This study was supported by grants from Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (BFU2011-25303), Spanish Institute of Health Carlos III (CP15/00129), UCM groups (GR-921641), SESCAMET, Fundación Mutua Madrileña, Fundación Eugenio Rodríguez Pascual and Fondos FEDER.Peer Reviewe