117 research outputs found
S-Matrix Poles Close to Thresholds in Confined Geometries
We have studied the behavior of the S-matrix poles near threshold for quantum
waveguides coupled to a cavity with a defect. We emphasize the occurrence of
both dominant and shadow poles on the various sheets of the energy Riemann
surface, and show that the changes of the total conductivity near threshold as
the cavity's width changes can be explained in terms of dominant to shadow pole
transitions.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure
Trap induced broadening in a potential hydrogen lattice clock
We consider the potential use of optical traps for precision measurements in atomic hydrogen (H). Using an implicit summation method, we calculate the atomic polarisability, the rates of elastic/inelastic scattering and the ionisation rate in the wavelength range (395–1000) nm. We extend previous work to predict three new magic wavelengths for the 1S–2S transition. At the magic wavelengths, the 1S–2S transition is unavoidably and significantly broadened due to trap-induced ionisation associated with the high intensity required to trap the 1S state. However, we also find that this effect is partially mitigated by the low mass of H, which increases the trap frequency, enabling Lamb–Dicke confinement in shallow lattices. We find that a H optical lattice clock, free from the motional systematics which dominate in beam experiments, could operate with an intrinsic linewidth of the order of 1 kHz. Trap-induced losses are shown not to limit measurements of other transitions
Deuterium spectroscopy for enhanced bounds on physics beyond the Standard Model
We consider the impact of combining precision spectroscopic measurements made
in atomic hydrogen with similar measurements made in atomic deuterium on the
search for physics beyond the Standard Model. Specifically we consider the wide
class of models that can be described by an effective Yukawa-type interaction
between the nucleus and the electron. We find that it is possible to set bounds
on new light-mass bosons that are orders of magnitude more sensitive than those
set using a single isotope only, provided the interaction couples differently
to the deuteron and proton. Further enhancements of these bounds by an order of
magnitude or more would be made possible by extending the current measurements
of the isotope shift of the 1s-2s transition frequency to that
of a transition between the 2s state and a Rydberg s-state.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figure
On the significance of a recent experiment demonstrating quantum interference in time
I comment on the interpretation of a recent experiment showing quantum
interference in time. It is pointed out that the standard nonrelativistic
quantum theory, used by the authors in their analysis, cannot account for the
results found, and therefore that this experiment has fundamental importance
beyond the technical advances it represents. Some theoretical structures which
consider the time as an observable, and thus could, in principle, have the
required coherence in time, are discussed briefly, and the application of
Floquet theory and the manifestly covariant quantum theory of Stueckelberg are
treated in some detail. In particular, the latter is shown to account for the
results in a simple and consistent way.Comment: 10 pages, plain TeX. Revision for clarity, reference to other
candidate theorie
Localization of shadow poles by complex scaling
Through numerical examples we show that the complex scaling method is suited
to explore the pole structure in multichannel scattering problems. All poles
lying on the multisheeted Riemann energy surface, including shadow poles, can
be revealed and the Riemann sheets on which they reside can be identified.Comment: 6 pages, Latex with Revtex, 3 figures (not included) available on
reques
Detection of HF and VHF Fields through Floquet Sideband Gaps by `Rabi Matching' Dressed Rydberg Atoms
Radio frequencies in the HF and VHF (3 MHz to 300 MHz) bands are challenging
for Rydberg atom-based detection schemes, as resonant detection requires
exciting the atoms to extremely high energy states. We demonstrate a method for
detecting and measuring radio frequency (RF) carriers in the HF and VHF bands
via a controlled Autler-Townes line splitting. Using a resonant, high-frequency
(GHz) RF field, the absorption signal from Townes-Merrit sidebands created by a
low frequency, non-resonant RF field can be enhanced. Notably, this technique
uses a measurement of the optical frequency separation of an avoided crossing
to determine the amplitude of a non-resonant, low frequency RF field. This
technique also provides frequency-selective measurements of low frequency RF
electric fields. To show this, we demonstrate amplitude modulated signal
transduction on a low frequency VHF carrier. We further demonstrate reception
of multiple tones simultaneously, creating a Rydberg `spectrum analyzer' over
the VHF range.Comment: Data for figures can be found at:
https://datapub.nist.gov/od/id/mds2-285
Theory of dressed states in quantum optics
The dual Dyson series [M.Frasca, Phys. Rev. A {\bf 58}, 3439 (1998)], is used
to develop a general perturbative method for the study of atom-field
interaction in quantum optics. In fact, both Dyson series and its dual, through
renormalization group methods to remove secular terms from the perturbation
series, give the opportunity of a full study of the solution of the
Schr\"{o}dinger equation in different ranges of the parameters of the given
hamiltonian. In view of recent experiments with strong laser fields, this
approach seems well-suited to give a clarification and an improvement of the
applications of the dressed states as currently done through the eigenstates of
the atom-field interaction, showing that these are just the leading order of
the dual Dyson series when the Hamiltonian is expressed in the interaction
picture. In order to exploit the method at the best, a study is accomplished of
the well-known Jaynes-Cummings model in the rotating wave approximation, whose
exact solution is known, comparing the perturbative solutions obtained by the
Dyson series and its dual with the same approximations obtained by Taylor
expanding the exact solution. Finally, a full perturbative study of high-order
harmonic generation is given obtaining, through analytical expressions, a clear
account of the power spectrum using a two-level model, even if the method can
be successfully applied to a more general model that can account for ionization
too. The analysis shows that to account for the power spectrum it is needed to
go to first order in the perturbative analysis. The spectrum obtained gives a
way to measure experimentally the shift of the energy levels of the atom
interacting with the laser field by looking at the shifting of hyper-Raman
lines.Comment: Revtex, 17 page
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