428 research outputs found
Particle-hole symmetry breaking in the pseudogap state of Pb0.55Bi1.5Sr1.6La0.4CuO6+d: A quantum-chemical perspective
Two Bi2201 model systems are employed to demonstrate how, beside the Cu-O
\sigma-band, a second band of purely O2p\pi character can be made to cross the
Fermi level owing to its sensitivity to the local crystal field. This result is
employed to explain the particle-hole symmetry breaking across the pseudo-gap
recently reported by Shen and co-workers, see M. Hashimoto et al., Nature
Physics 6, (2010) 414. Support for a two-bands-on-a-checkerboard candidate
mechanism for High-Tc superconductivity is claimed.Comment: 25 pages, 8 figure
Cross-project simulation of construction productivity for caisson fabrication
The aims are to (a) predict crew productivity improvement due to the repetitive nature
of caisson fabrication as the result of on the job learning and (b) validate the previously specially built
simulation platform CaissonSim' in different projects. More specifically, two such marine projects one in
Greece and one in Cyprus have been studied
Nonprofit governance: Improving performance in troubled economic times
Nonprofit management is currently pressured to perform effectively in a weak economy. Yet, nonprofit governance continues to suffer from unclear conceptions of the division of labor between board of directors and executive directors. This online survey of 114 executive directors aims to provide clarification and recommendations for social administration
A novel secreted protein, MYR1, is central to Toxoplasma’s manipulation of host cells
The intracellular protozoan Toxoplasma gondii dramatically reprograms the transcriptome of host cells it infects, including substantially up-regulating the host oncogene c-myc. By applying a flow cytometry-based selection to infected mouse cells expressing green fluorescent protein fused to c-Myc (c-Myc–GFP), we isolated mutant tachyzoites defective in this host c-Myc up-regulation. Whole-genome sequencing of three such mutants led to the identification of MYR1 (Myc regulation 1; TGGT1_254470) as essential for c-Myc induction. MYR1 is a secreted protein that requires TgASP5 to be cleaved into two stable portions, both of which are ultimately found within the parasitophorous vacuole and at the parasitophorous vacuole membrane. Deletion of MYR1 revealed that in addition to its requirement for c-Myc up-regulation, the MYR1 protein is needed for the ability of Toxoplasma tachyzoites to modulate several other important host pathways, including those mediated by the dense granule effectors GRA16 and GRA24. This result, combined with its location at the parasitophorous vacuole membrane, suggested that MYR1 might be a component of the machinery that translocates Toxoplasma effectors from the parasitophorous vacuole into the host cytosol. Support for this possibility was obtained by showing that transit of GRA24 to the host nucleus is indeed MYR1-dependent. As predicted by this pleiotropic phenotype, parasites deficient in MYR1 were found to be severely attenuated in a mouse model of infection. We conclude, therefore, that MYR1 is a novel protein that plays a critical role in how Toxoplasma delivers effector proteins to the infected host cell and that this is crucial to virulence
Discontinuous transitions in double exchange materials
It is shown that the double exchange Hamiltonian, with weak antiferromagnetic
interactions, has a rich variety of first order transitions between phases with
different electronic densities and/or magnetizations. For band fillings in the
range , and at finite temperatures, a discontinuous
transition between phases with similar electronic densities but different
magnetizations takes place. This sharp transition, which is not suppressed by
electrostatic effects, and survives in the presence of an applied field, is
consistent with the phenomenology of the doped manganites near the transition
temperature.Comment: three more variational ansatzs considere
The first search for bosonic super-WIMPs with masses up to 1 MeV/c with GERDA
We present the first search for bosonic super-WIMPs as keV-scale dark matter
candidates performed with the GERDA experiment. GERDA is a neutrinoless
double-beta decay experiment which operates high-purity germanium detectors
enriched in Ge in an ultra-low background environment at the Laboratori
Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) of INFN in Italy. Searches were performed for
pseudoscalar and vector particles in the mass region from 60 keV/c to 1
MeV/c. No evidence for a dark matter signal was observed, and the most
stringent constraints on the couplings of super-WIMPs with masses above 120
keV/c have been set. As an example, at a mass of 150 keV/c the most
stringent direct limits on the dimensionless couplings of axion-like particles
and dark photons to electrons of and
at 90% credible interval,
respectively, were obtained.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letters, added list
of authors, updated ref. [21
Mosquito Rasputin interacts with chikungunya virus nsP3 and determines the infection rate in Aedes albopictus
SNAP-tagged Chikungunya Virus Replicons Improve Visualisation of Non-Structural Protein 3 by Fluorescence Microscopy
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a mosquito-borne alphavirus, causes febrile disease, muscle and joint pain, which can become chronic in some individuals. The non-structural protein 3 (nsP3) plays essential roles during infection, but a complete understanding of its function is lacking. Here we used a microscopy-based approach to image CHIKV nsP3 inside human cells. The SNAP system consists of a self-labelling enzyme tag, which catalyses the covalent linking of exogenously supplemented synthetic ligands. Genetic insertion of this tag resulted in viable replicons and specific labelling while preserving the effect of nsP3 on stress granule responses and co-localisation with GTPase Activating Protein (SH3 domain) Binding Proteins (G3BPs). With sub-diffraction, three-dimensional, optical imaging, we visualised nsP3-positive structures with variable density and morphology, including high-density rod-like structures, large spherical granules, and small, low-density structures. Next, we confirmed the utility of the SNAP tag for studying protein turnover by pulse-chase labelling. We also revealed an association of nsP3 with cellular lipid droplets and examined the spatial relationships between nsP3 and the non-structural protein 1 (nsP1). Together, our study provides a sensitive, specific, and versatile system for fundamental research into the individual functions of a viral non-structural protein during infection with a medically important arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus)
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