Eğitim Kurumu Kaynakları, Aile Özellikleri ve Öğrenci Başarısı: Türkiye’den Ortaöğretim Kurumları Öğrenci Seçme Sınavı Örneği

The paper examines the determinants of student achievement on the secondary school entrance exam (SSEE). The data for this project were collected through a survey of 810 primaryschool graduates. The empirical work is carried out by forming a model on student achievement and three categories of school, student, and family characteristics from primary-school graduates who were successful in SSEE.Bu çalışmanın amacı, Ortaöğretim Kurumları Öğrenci Seçme Sınavı’na (OKS) katılan öğrencilerin başarısının hangi faktörlerden kaynaklandığını araştırmaktır. Veriler 810 ilkeğitim mezunuyla yapılan anket çalışması sonucu elde edilmiştir. Bu bilgilerden yararlanarak OKS’de yüksek puan alan ilkeğitim kurumu mezunlarının başarısı ile eğitim kurumu, öğrencinin ve ailenin nitelikleri arasındaki ilişki ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır

Comparison of Effects of Smoking and Smokeless Tobacco “Maras Powder” Use on Humoral Immune System Parameters

Background. The aim of this study is to assess the impacts of “Maras powder” and cigarette smoking on the parameters of the humoral immune system. Material and Methods. One hundred seventy seven subjects were included in the study. The IgA, IgG, IgM, C3 and C4 levels were detected via nephelometric method. Results. In 1.4% of the control group IgM levels were below normal where it was 10.8% and 18.6% in Maras powder group and in cigarette smoking group respectively. The IgM levels of both groups were significantly lower compared to the control group (P < .05). Nonetheless, the IgE levels of Maras powder group and smoking group were found to be remarkably higher compared to the control group (P < .01). Conclusion. Effects of Maras powder on humoral immune response were found to be similar to that of smoking

Salt tolerance in Solanum pennellii: antioxidant response and related QTL

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Excessive soil salinity is an important problem for agriculture, however, salt tolerance is a complex trait that is not easily bred into plants. Exposure of cultivated tomato to salt stress has been reported to result in increased antioxidant content and activity. Salt tolerance of the related wild species, <it>Solanum pennellii</it>, has also been associated with similar changes in antioxidants. In this work, <it>S. lycopersicum </it>M82, <it>S. pennellii </it>LA716 and a <it>S. pennellii </it>introgression line (IL) population were evaluated for growth and their levels of antioxidant activity (total water-soluble antioxidant activity), major antioxidant compounds (phenolic and flavonoid contents) and antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase) under both control and salt stress (150 mM NaCl) conditions. These data were then used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) responsible for controlling the antioxidant parameters under both stress and nonstress conditions.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Under control conditions, cultivated tomato had higher levels of all antioxidants (except superoxide dismutase) than <it>S. pennellii</it>. However, under salt stress, the wild species showed greater induction of all antioxidants except peroxidase. The ILs showed diverse responses to salinity and proved very useful for the identification of QTL. Thus, 125 loci for antioxidant content under control and salt conditions were detected. Eleven of the total antioxidant activity and phenolic content QTL matched loci identified in an independent study using the same population, thereby reinforcing the validity of the loci. In addition, the growth responses of the ILs were evaluated to identify lines with favorable growth and antioxidant profiles.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Plants have a complex antioxidant response when placed under salt stress. Some loci control antioxidant content under all conditions while others are responsible for antioxidant content only under saline or nonsaline conditions. The localization of QTL for these traits and the identification of lines with specific antioxidant and growth responses may be useful for breeding potentially salt tolerant tomato cultivars having higher antioxidant levels under nonstress and salt stress conditions.</p

Dichloridobis[5-nitro-1-trimethyl­silyl­methyl-1H-benzimidazole-κN 3]cobalt(II) N,N-dimethyl­formamide solvate

The title compound, [CoCl2(C11H15N3O2Si)2]·C3H7NO, was synthesized from 5-nitro-1-trimethyl­silylmethyl-1H-benzimid­azole and cobalt(II) chloride in dimethyl­formamide. The CoII atom is coordinated in a distorted tetra­hedral environment by two Cl atoms and two N atoms. In the crystal structure, there are a number of C—H⋯Cl and C—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter­actions between symmetry-related mol­ecules

Comparison of the effects of intranasal and transdermal estradiol plus dydrogestorone on lipids, lipoprotein(a) and apolipoproteins in postmenopausal women

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, postmenopozal kadınlarda, intranazal ve transdermal 17 östradiol ile didrogesteronun kombine kesintisiz hormon replasman tedavisinin, serumlipid, lipoprotein(a) ve apolipoprotein düzeyleri üzerindeki etkilerini karşılaştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu prospektif araştırmaya yaşları 43-54 arasında değişen, sağlıklı 50 postmenopozal kadın dahil edildi. Olgular, 12 hafta süre ile 300 μg/g ün intranazal 17 β- östradiol (n=25) veya 50 μg/gün transdermal östradiol (n=25) almak üzere iki gruba randomize edildi. Bütün olgulara 10 mg/gün oral didrogesteron kesintisiz verildi. Araştırmanın başında ve sonunda, total kolesterol, trigliserid, HDL, LDL, VLDL, lipoprotein(a), Apo A-I ve Apo B düzeyleri, grup içi ve gruplar arasında farkın yüzdeleri karşılaştırıldı. İstatistiksel analiz içinMann-WhitneyUveWilcoxontesti kullanıldı. P<0,05anlamlı kabul edildi. Bulgular: Araştırmayı, intranazal grubunda 16, transdermal gurubunda 18 olmak üzere 34 olgu tamamladı. İntranazal östradiol grubunda, tedavi başlangıcına kıyasla, tedavi sonunda sadece apolipoprotein B düzeyinde anlamlı bir azalma izlenirken (2,0±0,4'den 0,9±0,1'ye, p=0,028), total kolesterol, trigliserid, HDL, LDL,VLDL, lipoprotein(a) ve Apo A-I düzeylerinde anlamlı değişiklik izlenmedi. Transdermal östradiol gurubunda hiçbir değişkende anlamlı değişiklik gözlenmedi. Her iki grup arasında, tüm değişkenler açısından anlamlı farklılık yoktu. Sonuç: İntranazal ve transdermal östradiolün, didrogesteron kombinasyonuyla yapılan kesintisiz hormon replasman tedavisinin, total kolesterol, trigliserid, HDL, LDL, VLDL, lipoprotein(a) ve Apo A-I düzeylerine etkileri benzerdir.Objective: To compare the effects of continuous hormon replacement therapy in the form of intranasal and transdermal 17β-estradiol combined with dydrogesterone on serum lipids, lipoprotein(a) and apolipoproteins among postmenopausal women. Materials and methods: In this prospective study, 50 healthy postmenopausal women aged 43-54 years were randomly assigned to receive either 300 μg/day intranasal 17β- estradiol (n=25) or 50 μg/day transdermal 17β- estradiol (n=25) for 12 weeks. All women also received 10 mg/day oral dydrogesterone continuously. At the end of the study, changes in serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, VLDL, lipoprotein(a), Apo A-I and Apo B levels within and percent changes between the groups were compared. Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests were used as indicated. P-values below 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Thirty-four women completed this study (intranasal group, n=16; transdermal group, n=18). In intranasal estradiol group, only apolipoprotein B levels were decreased significantly after 12 weeks of treatment (2.0±0.4 to 0.9±0.1, p=0.028) whereas no changes in the levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, VLDL, lipoprotein(a) and Apo A-I were observed. Also, in transdermal estradiol group, no significant changes were seen in all variables. No significant differences with regard to variables were noted between the groups at the end of the study. Conclusions: The effects of intranasal and transdermal estradiol plus dydrogestorone asa continouos hormone replacement therapy on the serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, VLDL, lipoprotein(a) and Apo A-I levels are similar in postmenopausal women

Phenological, Pomological and Technological Characteristics of Seedless White Mulberry in Mulberry Genetic Resources of Turkey

This study carried out in 2015 and 2016 to determine phenological, pomological and some technological characteristics of 19 seedless mulberry genotypes of the Malatya Apricot Research Institute. Full-bloom periods of the genotypes varied between 27th of April (Poser 24-07) and 3rd of May (24 MRK 02); start of harvest dates varied between 15th of May (Poser 24-07) and 31st of May (Yediveren 24-08); end of harvest dates varied between 5th of July (Angut 009) and 30th of August (Yediveren 24-08). Fruiting durations varied between 50 days (Angut 009) and 95 days (Gemirgap Dutu 24-05). Of the pomological characteristics, average fruit weights varied between 0.77 g (Angut 009) and 2.46 g (Poser 24-07); water soluble dry matter (WSDM) contents varied between 15.50% (Topu Beyaz 1) and 29.60% (Angut 009). Of the technological characteristics, drying efficiency values varied between 15.79% (44 KE 10) and 39.94% (Angut 009), dry fruit color L values varied between 25.97 (Poser 24-07) and 50.20 (İstanbul Dutu 24-12). Based on present findings, Poser 24-07 genotype was found to be prominent with early fruiting and availability for fresh consumption; Yediveren 24-08 genotype with late fruiting; İstanbul Dutu 24-12 genotype with drying efficiency and Gemirgap Dutu 24-05 and Gemirgap Dutu 24-06 genotypes with their longer fruiting durations. Current findings may be beneficial in mulberry breeding programs

Introducing Different Cherry Cultivars to Inner and Crossover Areas

This study was carried out to evaluate quality, yield and phenology of some sweet cherry cultivars with different maturation periods in Isparta-Egirdir conditions. The study was carried out between 2000 and 2011, on Veysel, Précoce Bernard, Star, Venus, Mechlain Haimer, Summit, Techlovan, Fercer Arcina, Sylvia, Noire de Meched, Oktavia, Belge, 0900 Ziraat, Kordia, and Ferbolus. Venus, Bernard, Techlovan and Star cultivars were identified as the earliest blooming. Oktavia, Belge, Kordia and 0900 Ziraat cultivars were found to be the latest blooming cultivars. Generally; Veysel, Bernard and Star come to harvest maturity first. Venus, Mechlain Haimer, Summit, Techlovan, Fercer Arcina, Sylvia were found to be middle season cultivars, while N. De Meched, Oktavia, Belge, 0900 Ziraat, Kordia and Ferbolus were found to be the latest. Veysel early cherry cultivar were determined to be the most productive one, while late cultivar N. De Meched and mid-season cultivar Techlovan were also found to be very efficient. In terms of fruit sizes; early sweet cherry cultivar P. Bernard, mid-season cultivar Summit and late season cultivar 0900 Ziraat gave the biggest fruits

Yakınları ve ailesi Çetin Emeç'i anlattı

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 44-Çetin-Aydın-Ragıp Eme

Endoscopic retrograd colangiopancreatography in children: A single center experience

Giriş: Endoskopik retrograde kolanjiopankreatografi (ERCP) endoskopi ile fluoroskopiyi birlikte kullanan pankreas ve safra yolları hastalıklarında tanı ve tedavi imkanı sağlayan işlemdir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Gastroenteroloji Endoskopi Ünitesinde Kasım 2017 - Nisan 2020’de ERCP yapılan 46 çocuk hastanın verileri retrospektif incelendi. Bulgular: Yirmi üç hastada biliyer, 23’ünde pankreatik endikasyonla olmak üzere 46 hastaya (29 K, %63,04) toplam 77 (1-5) ERCP işlemi yapıldı. Yaş ortalaması 10,3±4,07 (2,08 -17) yıldı. En küçük hasta 12,6 kg idi. ERCP endikasyonları; 16 hastada koledok taşı şüphesi (%34,8), 9 hastada kronik pankreatit (KP) ve ağrı (%19,6), 8 hastada rekürren akut pankreatit atakları (RAP, %8,7), 4 hastada KP ve RAP (%8,7), 3 hastada karaciğer nakli ve kolestaz (%6,5), 2 hastada benign biliyer darlık (BBD) (%4,3) ve 1 hastada sarılık nedeniyle hastalık ekartasyonu için (%2,2), 1 hastada profilaktik pankreatik stent uygulanması (%2,2), 1 hastada safra yolu ile ilişkili kist hidatik (%2,2) ve 1 hastada pankreas fistülü (%2,2) idi. ERCP’de, 14 (%30,4) KP, 7 (%15.2) koledok kisti, 11 (%23,9) koledok taşı, 4 (%8,7) Oddi sfinkter disfonksiyonu, 3 (%6,5) BBD, 3 (%6,5) anastomoz darlığı, 1 (%2,2) pankreas fistülü, 1 (%2,2) safra yolu ile ilişkili kist hidatik tanıları konuldu. Hastaların 6’sında (%13) anormal pankreatikobiliyer bileşke ve 5’inde (%10.9) pankreas divisium tespit edildi. Hastaların 37’sine (%80,4) endoskopik sfinkterotomi, 10’una (%21,7) dilatasyon yapıldı. 22’sinden (%47,8) taş çıkarıldı ve 27’sine (%58,6) stent takıldı. Pankreatit, kanama, perforasyon gibi major komplikasyon olmadı. Sonuç: Pediyatrik yaş grubunda ERCP’nin deneyimli kişiler tarafından yapıldığı taktirde çocuklarda oldukça güvenilir, etkili bir tanı ve tedavi yöntemidir.Introduction: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a procedure that uses endoscopy and fluroscopy together to provide diagnosis and treatment in pancreatic and biliary tract diseases. Materials and Methods: The data of 46 pediatric patients who underwent ERCP between November 2017 - April 2020 at Hacettepe University Gastroenterology Endoscopy Unit were retrospectively analyzed. Results: A total of 77 (1-5) ERCP procedures were performed in 46 patients (29 F, 63.04%), 23 with biliary and 23 with pancreatic indications. The mean age was 10.3±4.07 (2.08 -17) years. The smallest patient was 12.6 kg. ERCP indications; suspicion of common bile duct stones in 16 patients (34.8%), chronic pancreatitis (CP) and pain in 9 patients (19.6%), recurrent acute pancreatitis attacks in 8 patients (RAP, 8.7%), CP and RAP in 4 patients (%) 8.7), liver transplantation and cholestasis in 3 patients (6.5%), benign biliary stenosis (BBS) in 2 patients (4.3%) and 1 patient for excluding the disease due to jaundice (2.2%), prophylactic treatment in 1 patient pancreatic stenting (2.2%), biliary tract-related hydatid cyst (2.2%) in 1 patient and pancreatic fistula in 1 patient (2.2%). In ERCP, 14 (30.4%) CP, 7 (15.2%) choledochal cysts, 11 (23.9%) common choledochal stones, 4 (8.7%) sphincter dysfunction of Oddi, 3 (6.5%) BBS, 3 (6.5%) anastomotic stenosis, 1 (2.2%) pancreatic fistula, 1 (2.2%) biliary tract-related hydatid cyst were diagnosed. Abnormal pancreaticobiliary junction was detected in 6 (13%) patients and pancreatic divisium was detected in 5 (10.9%) patients. Endoscopic sphincterotomy was performed in 37 (80.4%) patients, and dilatation was performed in 10 (21.7%) patients. Stones were removed in 22 (47.8%) and stent was placed on 27 (58.6%). There were no major complications such as pancreatitis, bleeding or perforation. Conclusion: If ERCP is performed by experienced people in the pediatric age group, it is a very reliable and effective diagnosis and treatment method in children