Disociación escafo-semilunar asociada a fractura de escafoides carpiano: a propósito de un caso

Según el mecanismo clásico de producción de inestabilidad perilunar progresiva, la fractura de escafoides y la disociación escafo-semilunar completa no podrían producirse de forma conjunta; sin embargo, hay varios casos documentados. Debido a su baja frecuencia de diagnóstico, es escasa la literatura publicada al respecto del manejo y resultados de estas lesiones de forma conjunta. Presentamos un caso de asociación de una fractura de escafoides y disociación escafo-semilunar tratado mediante osteosíntesis percutánea, artroscopia y reanclaje abierto ligamentoso, con buenos resultados. Describimos su evolución clínica y radiológica, así como una revisión de la bibliografíaAccording to the generally accepted pathomechanisms of carpal instability, a scaphoid fracture and a scapholunate dissociation should not occur together. Several cases are published in the literature even there is no much written about this topic, its treatment and outcome. These concurrent injuries are herefore likely underdiagnosed. We present a case with scaphoid fracture and a scapholunate dissociation in association, successfully. We describe the clinical, radiological outcome as well as the important literature about this topi

Dependence of the preexponential factor on temperature

The dependence of the preexponential factor on the temperature has been examined and the errors involved in the activation energy calculated from isothermal and non-isothermal methods without considering such dependence have been estimated. It has been shown that the error in the determination of the activation energy calculated ignoring the dependence of Aon Tcan be rather large and it is dependent on x=E/RT, but independent of the experimental method used. It has been also shown that the error introduced by omitting the dependence of the preexponential factor on the temperature is considerably larger than the error due to the Arrhenius integral approach used for carrying out the kinetic analysis of TG data.Peer reviewe

Relación entre la evolución sedimentaria de la laguna de Gallocanta (Cordillera Ibérica, NE de España) y la historia de la vegetación de su cuenca durante el Cuaternario reciente

The analysis of the facies in the sediments from Gallocanta Lake allows the identification of three stages of sedimentation. The lowest stage related with the late Pleistocene corresponds with distal alluvial areas, the second stage reflects a shallow carbonated lake probably developed from the beginning of the Holocene to the Middle Age and, the last one corresponds to a saline-carbonated lake formed in the last centuries. In the alluvial facies the pollen concentration is very low. The following stages are related with different types of pollen assemblages. The stage of a shallow carbonated lake is associated with the development of a deciduous and evergreen Quercus forest in the basin and represents the maximum water depth, 4 to 10 meters, of the Gallocanta Lake. This period The last stage of saline-carbonated lake, dated at 1900 AD, coincides with the maximum phase of Olea cultivation contemporaneous with the decrease of the lake level. The depth of the water was between 0 and 2 m. The drying out of the Gallocanta lake coincides with the lake level lowering of other lakes in the Ebro basin suggesting a regional driving-factor (climatic and/or anthropic) as the main responsible for the observed desiccation of the last century

Limitations of model-fitting methods for kinetic analysis: Polystyrene thermal degradation

In this paper, some clarifications regarding the use of model-fitting methods of kinetic analysis are provided in response to the lack of plot linearity and dispersion in the activation energy values for the thermal degradation of polystyrene found in the literature and some results proposing an nth order model as the most suitable one. In the present work, two model-fitting methods based on the differential and integral forms of the general kinetic equation are evaluated using both simulated and experimental data, showing that the differential method is recommended due to its higher discrimination power. Moreover, the intrinsic limitations of model-fitting methods are highlighted: the use of a limited set of kinetic models to fit experimental data and the ideal nature of such models. Finally, it is concluded that a chain scission model is more appropriate than first order. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.Peer Reviewe

The feeding of Cod (Gadus morhua) on Flemish Cap, 1989-90

The food and feeding of Flemish Cap cod (Gadus morhua) in summer are described for 2 years, 1989 and 1990. The summer feeding intensity was high and the prey spectrum was narrow in both years. Hyperidea and redfish stood out in the diet of the Flemish Cap cod. Illex illecebrosus and polychaetes had a high annual variability. In the juvenile cod diet, invertebrates (crustaceans and polychaetes) were dominant and in the adults the most important prey were fish, mainly redfish. The Schoener overlap index was calculated to study the intraspecific diet overlap. It was noted that cod diet changed between age groups 3-5 and 6-10. Cannibalism rates showed year-to-year fluctuations. Ingestion of redfish was similar in both years and a direct relationship between cod length and the length of redfish they preyed on was noted

Application of an unsteady flamelet model in a RANS framework for spray A simulation

[EN] In the present investigation the Spray A reference configuration defined in the framework of the Engine Combustion Network (ECN) has been modeled by means of an Unsteady Flamelet Model (USFM) including detailed parametric studies to evaluate the impact of ambient temperature, oxygen concentration and density. The study focuses on the analysis of the spray ignition delay, the flame lift-off length and the internal structure of the spray and flame according to the experimental information nowadays available for validating the results provided by the model. Promising results are obtained for the nominal case and also for the parametric variations (temperature, oxygen...) in terms of liquid and vapor penetration, ignition delay (ID) and lift-off length (LOL). The model permits to predict the ID and the LOL which constitute two parameters of key importance for describing the characteristics of transient reacting sprays. Valuable insight on the details of the combustion process is obtained from the analysis of formaldehyde (CH2O), acetylene (C2H2) and hydroxide (OH) species in spatial coordinates and also in the so-called phi-T maps. Important differences arise in the inner structure of the flame in the quasi-steady regime, which is closely linked to soot formation, when varying the ambient boundary conditions. Additionally, the auto-ignition process is investigated in order to describe in detail the spatial onset and propagation of combustion. Results confirm the impact of the ambient conditions on the regions of the spray where start of combustion takes place, so the relation between the local scalar dissipation rate and mixture fraction variance is also discussed. This investigation provides an insight of the potential of the USFM combustion model to describe the physical and chemical processes involved in transient spray combustion.Authors acknowledge that this work was possible thanks to the Ayuda para la Formacion de Profesorado Universitario (FPU 14/03278) belonging to the Subprogramas de Formacion y de Movilidad del Ministerio de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte from Spain. Also this study was partially funded by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad from Spain in the frame of the COMEFF (TRA2014-59483-R) national project.Desantes, J.; García-Oliver, JM.; Novella Rosa, R.; Pérez-Sánchez, EJ. (2017). Application of an unsteady flamelet model in a RANS framework for spray A simulation. Applied Thermal Engineering. 117:50-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.01.101S506411

Detección no destructiva de semillas en mandarina con imágenes de Resonancia Magnética ultrarrápidas: comparativa entre métodos de segmentación automática

La Imagen de Resonancia Magnetica (IRM) se ha propuesto para adquirir imagenes de la estrcretura interna de mandarinas para la identificacion no destructive de semi Has. Se han investigado dos tipos de secuencias rapidas de IRM: una de tipo eco de gradiente y otra de tlpo espiral-radial, con tiempo de adquisicion de 484 ms para la primera y 240 ms para la segunda. La opcion espiral-radial permite un sobremuestreo del area central del espacic-k en la que esta contenida la information sobre el conlraste en las imagenes de RM y con ello la posibilidad de segmentation de las semillas. Se aplican tres tecnicas de segmentacion para el post-procesado de las imagenes: una basada en regiones, una basada en la varianza del bistograma unidimensional y una basada en !a varianza del histograma bidimensional, siendo la ultima la que ha proporcionado los resultados mas prometedores. Parametros como el perimetro, la compacidad, la distancia maxima al centro de gravedad y la relacidn entre altura y ancho se utilizan en una funcion lineal discriminante mediante la que la identificacion de mandarinas con semilla se puede conseguir con el 100% de exactitud cuando se utilizan secuencias espiral- radial y con el 98,7% cuando se obtienen imagenes de eco de gradiente

Células presentadoras de antígeno: células dendríticas y su papel en la lengua azul

Las células presentadoras de antígeno (CPA) desempeñan un papel fundamental en el desarrollo de la respuesta inmunitaria mediante el procesamiento y la presentación de antígenos, así como a través de distintos estímulos que favorecen la proliferación y diferenciación linfocitaria. Entre las CPA, las células dendríticas (CDs) son consideradas como las más eficientes en las funciones de presentación. En este trabajo se abordan aspectos generales relacionados con la localización, estructura y función de estas células, así como con su importante papel en la instauración de la repuesta inmunitaria. Junto a las células endoteliales y a los macrófagos, las CDs son consideradas células blanco del virus de la lengua azul (vLA), desempeñando un importante papel en la diseminación orgánica de éste. Además, las CDs parecen jugar un importante papel como productoras o inductoras de sustancias vasoactivas responsables de los cambios vasculares que caracterizan a la enfermedad, quedando aún por determinar la influencia de estos mediadores químicos en la instauración de la respuesta inmunológica frente al virus, aspecto fundamental para el desarrollo y mejora de vacunas

Clinical factors associated with discontinuation of ts/bDMARDs in rheumatic patients from the BIOBADASER III registry

Altres ajuts: Spanish Agency of Medicines and Medical Devices (AEMPS); Biogen; Bristol Myers-Squibb (BMS); Celltrion Healthcare; Lilly; Merck; Novartis; Pfizer; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals; Samsung Bioepis.Biologic and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (ts/bDMARDs) play a pivotal role in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Persistence of therapy provides an index of a drug's overall effectiveness. The objective of the study was to identify factors associated with discontinuation of ts/bDMARDs in a real-world dataset. The study population comprised patients diagnosed with RA, PsA, and AS included in the BIOBADASER registry for whom follow-up data were available until November 2019. Patient features and treatment data were included in the analysis. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to study survival of the different drugs according to the reason for discontinuation. Factors associated with discontinuation were studied using Cox regression models and bivariate and multivariate analyses. P values of less than 0.05 were regarded as statistically significant. The study population comprised 4,752 patients who received a total of 8,377 drugs, of which 4,411 (52.65%) were discontinued. The Kaplan-Meier curves showed that survival for first-line treatment was greater in all 3 groups (p < 0.001). Patients with RA had a greater risk of discontinuation if they were younger (HR, 0.99; 95% CI 0.99-1.00), if they were receiving anti-TNFα agents (HR, 0.61; 95% CI 0.54-0.70), and if they had more comorbid conditions (HR, 1.09; 95% CI 1.00-1.17). Patients with PsA had a higher risk if they were women (HR, 1.36; 95% CI 1.15-1.62) and if they were receiving other ts/bDMARDs (HR, 1.29; 95% CI 1.05-1.59). In patients with AS, risk increased with age (HR, 1.01; 95% CI 1.00-1.02), as did the number of comorbid conditions (HR, 1.27; 95% CI 1.12-1.45). The factors that most affected discontinuation of ts/bDMARDs were line of treatment, age, type of drug, sex, comorbidity and the year of initiation of treatment. The association with these factors differed with each disease, except for first-line treatment, which was associated with a lower risk of discontinuation in all 3 diseases

Factorization theorems for homogeneous maps on banach function spaces and approximation of compact operators

The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00009-014-0384-3[EN] In this paper, we characterize compact linear operators from Banach function spaces to Banach spaces by means of approximations with bounded homogeneous maps. To do so, we undertake a detailed study of such maps, proving a factorization theorem and paying special attention to the equivalent strong domination property involved. Some applications to compact maximal extensions of operators are also given.The authors thank the referee for his/her careful revision and suggestions. The first author gratefully acknowledges the support of the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Spain), under Project #MTM2011-22417. The second author gratefully acknowledges the support of the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Spain), under Project #MTM2012-36740-c02-02.Rueda, P.; Sánchez Pérez, EA. (2015). Factorization theorems for homogeneous maps on banach function spaces and approximation of compact operators. Mediterranean Journal of Mathematics. 12(1):89-115. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00009-014-0384-3S89115121Calabuig J.M., Delgado O., Sánchez Pérez E.A.: Factorizing operators on Banach function spaces through spaces of multiplication operators. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 364, 88–103 (2010)Defant, A.: Variants of the Maurey–Rosenthal theorem for quasi Köthe function spaces. Positivity 5, 153–175 (2001)Delgado, O., Sánchez Pérez, E.A.: Strong factorizations between couples of operators on Banach spaces, J. Conv. Anal. 20(3), 599–616 (2013)Diestel, J., Uhl, J.J.: Vector measures, Math. Surv. vol. 15, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence (1977)Fernández A., Mayoral F., Naranjo F., Sáez C., Sánchez-Pérez E.A.: Spaces of p-integrable functions with respect to a vector measure. Positivity 10, 1–16 (2006)Ferrando I., Rodríguez J.: The weak topology on L p of a vector measure. Topol. Appl. 155(13), 1439–1444 (2008)Lindenstrauss, J., Tzafriri, L.: Classical Banach Spaces, II, Springer, Berlin (1996)Maligranda L., Persson L.E.: Generalized duality of some Banach function spaces. Indag. Math. 51, 323–338 (1989)Meyer-Nieberg, P.: Banach lattices, Springer, Berlin (1991)Okada, S.: Does a compact operator admit a maximal domain for its compact linear extension? In: Vector measures, integration and related topics. Operator theory: advances and applications, Vol. 201, pp. 313–322. Birkhäuser, Basel (2009)Okada S., Ricker W.J., Rodríguez-Piazza L.: Compactness of the integration operator associated with a vector measure. Studia Math. 150(2), 133–149 (2002)Okada, S., Ricker, W.J., Sánchez Pérez, E.A.: Optimal domain and integral extension of operators acting in function spaces. Operator theory: advances and applications, 180. Birkhäuser, Basel (2008)Sánchez Pérez, E.A.: Compactness arguments for spaces of p-integrable functions with respect to a vector measure and factorization of operators through Lebesgue–Bochner spaces, Illinois J. Math. 45(3), 907–923 (2001