Longitudinal assessment of the eating pattern of people with dementia and its association with problems for feeding and malnutrition: a prospective follow-up study protocol

ntroduction: Dementia conditions the patient's nutrition from the beginning and vice versa. Generating difficulties for feeding (FEDIF) will influence its evolution. There are currently few nutritional longitudinal studies in people with dementia. Most focus on problems already established. The Edinburgh Feeding Evaluation in Dementia (EdFED) Scale identifies FEDIF of patients with dementia by studying their behaviours while eating or being fed. It also indicates areas of potential clinical interventions. Methods and analysis: Prospective multicentre observational study carried out in nursing homes, Alzheimer's day care centres and primary healthcare centres. The study population will be dyads composed by the patient (diagnosed of dementia, over 65 years of age and who have feeding difficulties) and their family caregiver. Sociodemographic variables and nutritional status (body mass index, Mini Nutritional Assessment, blood test and calf and arm circumference) will be assessed. The Spanish version of the EdFED Scale will be completed and the presence of nursing diagnoses related to feeding behaviours will be collected. Follow-up will take place for 18 months. Ethics and dissemination: All data will be carried out respecting European legislation 2016/679 in data protection, and the Spanish 'Organic Law 3/2018 of December 2005'. The clinical data will be kept segregated and encrypted. The informed consent has been obtained. The research has been authorised by the Costa del Sol Health Care District on 27 February 2020 and the Ethics Committee on 2 March 2021. It has obtained funding from the Junta de Andalucía on 15 February 2021. Findings of the study will be presented at provincial, national and international conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals

Valor pronóstico de la determinación urgente del péptido natriurético tipo B en los servicios de urgencias en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca: estudio PICASU-1

Objetivo: conocer la utilidad del NT-proBNP en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca aguda (ICA) que consultaron en un servicio de urgencias hospitalario (SUH) para predecir la mortalidad y la reconsulta a dicho SUH. Método: el estudio PICASU-1 (ProBNP en Insuficiencia Cardiaca Aguda en los Servicios de Urgencias) es un estudio analítico, multicéntrico, con seguimiento de cohortes, que incluyó 641 pacientes con ICA atendidos en 9 SUH en los que se determinó NT-proBNP de forma urgente. Se recogieron 18 datos basales y 21 datos del episodio de ICA. Los datos evolutivos analizados fueron mortalidad intrahospitalaria y mortalidad y revisita a 30 días, y para cada una de estas variables se calculó el área bajo la curva (AUC) ROC de NT-proBNP. El análisis se repitió mediante curvas de supervivencia truncadas a 90 días. Resultados: NT-proBNP estaba más elevado en los fallecidos intrahospitalariamente y a los 30 días de la consulta en el SUH (p < 0,001 para ambos), pero no hubo diferencias entre los que reconsultaron a los 30 días y los que no (p = 0,91). Resultados similares se observaron en el estudio mediante curvas de supervivencia a 90 días. NT-proBNP tuvo un poder discriminativo moderado para la mortalidad intrahospitalaria (AUC 0,75, p < 0,001) y a 30 días (AUC 0,71, p < 0,001), pero nulo para la reconsulta (AUC 0,50, p = 0,92). Similares resultados se obtuvieron en los 244 pacientes (38,3%) dados de alta directamente del SUH: NT-proBNP superior en los fallecidos a 30 días (p < 0,01) y sin diferencias en los que reconsultaron (p = 0,50), y su poder discriminativo fue moderado para la mortalidad a 30 días (AUC 0,72, p < 0,01) y nulo para la reconsulta (AUC 0,47, p = 0,50). Conclusión: el NT-proBNP es una herramienta útil para predecir a priori la probabilidad de fallecer de un paciente con ICA en concreto, pero tiene un valor nulo para determinar las posibilidades de reconsultar al SUH

Características clínicas, terapéuticas y evolutivas de los pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca aguda atendidos en servicios de urgencias españoles: Registro EAHFE (Epidemiology of Acute Heart Failure in Spanish Emergency Departments)

Objetivos. Presentación de los resultados del Registro EAHFE (Epidemiology of Acute Heart Failure in Emergency Departments) que recoge las características clínicas, de laboratorio, terapéuticas y la evolución de los pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca aguda (ICA) atendidos en 29 servicios de urgencias hospitalarios (SUH) españoles. Se analizan los cambios de manejo a lo largo del tiempo; y se comparan los resultados con los de otros registros de ICA. Material y métodos. Estudio multicéntrico, de cohortes, prospectivo, de inclusión consecutiva, realizado en tres periodos (2007, 2009 y 2011). Se recogieron datos demográficos, clínicos, de laboratorio, del tratamiento farmacológico previo y el administrado en SUH y variables evolutivas (mortalidad intrahospitalaria y a los 30 días y al año, reingreso a 30 días). Se analizaron los cambios terapéuticos y evolutivos a lo largo de estos 3 periodos. Se revisó la literatura para identificar registros previos de ICA de carácter nacional o internacional. Resultados. Se incluyeron 5.845 pacientes (2007: 948, 2009: 1.483, 2011: 3.414), con edad media de 79 años y 56% mujeres. Un 34,6% era un primer episodio de ICA. Presentaron elevada comorbilidad (82% hipertensión, 42,3% diabetes mellitus, 47,7% fibrilación auricular). Un 21,9% tenía dependencia funcional grave o total. El 57,3% tenía una disfunción sistólica (FEVI 38,3%). Los principales tratamientos administrados en urgencias consistieron en diuréticos (96,8%), nitroglicerina endovenosa (20,7%), ventilación no invasiva (6,4%) y fármacos inotrópicos o vasopresores (3,6%). El 57% presentaba una tasa de filtrado glomerular disminuida. Las troponinas y los péptidos natriuréticos se determinaron en urgencias en un 49,1% y 42,4% de casos, respectivamente. Las formas de presentación se clasificaron como: normotensiva (66,4%), hipertensiva (23,5%), hipotensiva (4,6%, 0,7% con shock). El 76,1% fue ingresado (1,9% en intensivos), con una mediana de estancia hospitalaria de 7 días, y el 23,9% dado de alta desde urgencias. La mortalidad intrahospitalaria fue 7,6%, a 30 días 9,4% y al año 29,5%. A lo largo del periodo estudiado, ha aumentado la solicitud de troponinas (p < 0,001) y péptidos natriuréticos (p < 0,001) en urgencias, ha disminuido el uso de diuréticos en perfusión (p < 0,001) y de inotropos/vasoconstrictores (p < 0,001) y ha disminuido el porcentaje de reconsulta a 30 días (p = 0,004). No se observaron cambios en la mortalidad intrahospitalaria y a los 30 días entre el periodo 2007-2011. Se han revisado 14 registros anteriores (8 prospectivos), y solo en 2 la inclusión de pacientes se hizo desde el SUH. Conclusiones. El Registro EAHFE describe las características de la ICA a partir de una cohorte que se aproxima al universo de pacientes con ICA. Con el paso del tiempo se observan cambios significativos en el manejo de la ICA: las revisitas han disminuido aunque la mortalidad no se ha modificado. Aparte del Registro EAHFE, solo existen otros 2 registros en el mundo que incluyan a los pacientes con ICA atendidos en urgencias

Association of Candidate Gene Polymorphisms With Chronic Kidney Disease: Results of a Case-Control Analysis in the Nefrona Cohort

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major risk factor for end-stage renal disease, cardiovascular disease and premature death. Despite classical clinical risk factors for CKD and some genetic risk factors have been identified, the residual risk observed in prediction models is still high. Therefore, new risk factors need to be identified in order to better predict the risk of CKD in the population. Here, we analyzed the genetic association of 79 SNPs of proteins associated with mineral metabolism disturbances with CKD in a cohort that includes 2, 445 CKD cases and 559 controls. Genotyping was performed with matrix assisted laser desorption ionizationtime of flight mass spectrometry. We used logistic regression models considering different genetic inheritance models to assess the association of the SNPs with the prevalence of CKD, adjusting for known risk factors. Eight SNPs (rs1126616, rs35068180, rs2238135, rs1800247, rs385564, rs4236, rs2248359, and rs1564858) were associated with CKD even after adjusting by sex, age and race. A model containing five of these SNPs (rs1126616, rs35068180, rs1800247, rs4236, and rs2248359), diabetes and hypertension showed better performance than models considering only clinical risk factors, significantly increasing the area under the curve of the model without polymorphisms. Furthermore, one of the SNPs (the rs2248359) showed an interaction with hypertension, being the risk genotype affecting only hypertensive patients. We conclude that 5 SNPs related to proteins implicated in mineral metabolism disturbances (Osteopontin, osteocalcin, matrix gla protein, matrix metalloprotease 3 and 24 hydroxylase) are associated to an increased risk of suffering CKD

La Dispositio: el llibre segon dels Institutionum Rhetoricarum libri tres (1554) de Frederic Furió Ceriol

Potser sorprendrà veure en un home del talent de Fadric Furió Ceriol (València 1527-Valladolid 1592), l"autor d"un manual de retòrica, en el conegut polemista de Bononia i el polític compromès del Concejo, un pedagog preocupat per l"expressió i la renovació d"un art del que pretén transmetre les seues regles essencials i definitives

Una nueva metodología para incorporar la opinión de los usuarios en el diseño

The customer's subjective perception of product quality is central for buying decision. Thus, companies have to create products being judged positively by customers already in early product development process. Yet, there is a lack of approaches that allow mastering this challenge in a systematic and scientific way. The main purpose of the project CONEMO is to develop a measurement service to objectify and measure customer's judgment.La percepción subjetiva que los clientes tienen de la calidad de un producto es básica para tomar la decisión de compra. Por ello, las empresas tienen que generar productos que el cliente valore positivamente desde las primeras fases del proceso del diseño. Sin embargo, existe una carencia de metodologías que permitan abordar este problema de forma científica y sistemática. El objetivo principal del proyecto CONEMO es el desarrollo de un servicio de ensayos para medir de forma objetiva la opinión del cliente

The role of atrial fibrillation in the short-term outcomes of patients with acute heart failure

Aims: To investigate whether the presence of atrial fibrillation (AF) is independently associated with adverse short-term outcomes in patients diagnosed with acute heart failure (AHF) in the emergency department (ED). Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of patients included in the EAHFE registries 4&5. Patients were divided by the presence of sinus rhythm (SR) or AF at ED arrival. The primary outcome was 30-day all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes included the 30-day post-discharge combined endpoint of ED revisit or hospitalisation due to AHF and all-cause mortality. We recorded 54 independent variables that can affect outcomes. Cox regression was used to investigate adjusted significant associations between AF and outcomes. Analyses were repeated according to whether AF was previously known and whether AF was considered responsible for the AHF episode. Results: We analysed 6045 ED visits (mean age 80.4 years, 55.9% women), 3644 (60.3%) with AF. The cumulative 30-day mortality was 9.4%, and the adverse combined endpoint (ACE) was 25.9% (ED revisit with and without hospitalisation were 16.5 and 8.9% and death occurred in 4.7%). No differences were found in outcomes of AHF patients with SR and AF, and among the latter group, no differences were found depending on whether AF was considered responsible for the AHF episode. Patients with previously known AF had significantly lower 30-day mortality and higher post-discharge ACE rates, although these differences disappeared after adjustment for confounders HR 0.782, 95% CI 0.590-1.037, p = 0.087; and HR 1.131, 95% CI 0.924-1.385, p = 0.234). Conclusion: The coexistence of AF does not impact the short-term outcomes of patients diagnosed with AHF in the ED.Sin financiación5.268 JCR (2019) Q1, 24/138 Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems2.105 SJR (2019) Q1, 35/362 Cardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineNo data IDR 2019UE

Effect of Barthel Index on the Risk of Thirty-Day Mortality in Patients With Acute Heart Failure Attending the Emergency Department: A Cohort Study of Nine Thousand Ninety-Eight Patients From the Epidemiology of Acute Heart Failure in Emergency Departments Registry

Study objective: We assess the value of the Barthel Index (BI) in predicting 30-day mortality risk among patients with acute heart failure who are attending the emergency department (ED). Methods: We selected 9,098 acute heart failure patients from the Acute Heart Failure in Emergency Departments registry who had BI score available both at baseline and the ED visit. Patients' data were collected from 41 Spanish hospitals during four 1- to 2-month periods between 2009 and 2016. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression models were used to assess the association between 30-day mortality and BI score. c Statistics were used to estimate their prognostic value. Results: The mean baseline BI score was 79.4 (SD 24.6) and the mean ED BI score was 65.3 (SD 29.1). Acute functional decline (≥5-point decrease between baseline BI and ED BI score) was observed in 5,771 patients (53.4%). Within 30 days of the ED visit, 905 patients (9.9%) died. There was a steep inverse gradient in 30-day mortality risk for baseline BI and ED BI score. For instance, compared with BI score=100, a BI score of 50 to 55 doubled the mortality risk both at baseline and the ED visit. At the ED visit, a BI score of 0 to 5 carried a 5-fold increase in risk after adjustment for other risk predictors. In comparison with baseline BI score, ED BI score consistently provided greater discrimination. Neither baseline BI score nor the change in BI score from baseline to the ED visit added further prognostic value to the ED BI score. Conclusion: Functional status assessed by the BI score at the ED visit is a strong predictor of 30-day mortality in acute heart failure patients, with higher predictive value than baseline BI score and acute functional decline. Routine recording of BI score at the ED visit may help in decisionmaking and health care planning.Sin financiación5.799 JCR (2019) Q1, 1/31 Emergency Medicine1.389 SJR (2019) Q1, 3/90 Emergency MedicineNo data IDR 2019UE

The Usefulness of the MEESSI Score for Risk Stratification of Patients With Acute Heart Failure at the Emergency Department.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The MEESSI scale stratifies acute heart failure (AHF) patients at the emergency department (ED) according to the 30-day mortality risk. We validated the MEESSI risk score in a new cohort of Spanish patients to assess its accuracy in stratifying patients by risk and to compare its performance in different settings. METHODS: We included consecutive patients diagnosed with AHF in 30 EDs during January and February 2016. The MEESSI score was calculated for each patient. The c-statistic measured the discriminatory capacity to predict 30-day mortality of the full MEESSI model and secondary models. Further comparisons were made among subgroups of patients from university and community hospitals, EDs with high-, medium- or low-activity and EDs that recruited or not patients in the original MEESSI derivation cohort. RESULTS: We analyzed 4711 patients (university/community hospitals: 3811/900; high-/medium-/low-activity EDs: 2695/1479/537; EDs participating/not participating in the previous MEESSI derivation study: 3892/819). The distribution of patients according to the MEESSI risk categories was: 1673 (35.5%) low risk, 2023 (42.9%) intermediate risk, 530 (11.3%) high risk and 485 (10.3%) very high risk, with 30-day mortality of 2.0%, 7.8%, 17.9%, and 41.4%, respectively. The c-statistic for the full model was 0.810 (95%CI, 0.790-0.830), ranging from 0.731 to 0.785 for the subsequent secondary models. The discriminatory capacity of the MEESSI risk score was similar among subgroups of hospital type, ED activity, and original recruiter EDs. CONCLUSIONS: The MEESSI risk score successfully stratifies AHF patients at the ED according to the 30-day mortality risk, potentially helping clinicians in the decision-making process for hospitalizing patients