Estudiantes de la Universidad Jaume I (UJI) y la homeopatía: uso y conocimientos.

Treball Final de Grau en Medicina. Codi: MD1158. Curs acadèmic: 2018/2019Introduction: Homeopathy is a pseudotherapy based on the fact that a substance that in large quantities is the cause of a disease, in infinitesimal quantities, cures it. Objective: to analyze attitudes and knowledge about homeopathy in students. Method: 373 students of the University Jaume I (UJI), sample calculated by EPIDAT, filled out a questionnaire that consisted of demographic data, items on the attitudes towards homeopathy and a test that evaluated the knowledge in this pseudoterapia. A descriptive study was carried out and hypothesis contrasts between different items were carried out. Results: 4.9% of the students of the Universitat Jaume I (UJI) use homeopathy regularly while 14.5% do it occasionally. The average knowledge among the respondents is 3.18 out of 9 (SD 2,197). The students who obtained the best scores in the test were the students of Health Sciences. Conclusion: Because a not insignificant proportion of the students of the Universitat Jaume I (UJI) uses homeopathy occasionally and because the knowledge of the students of said university is scarce, it is pertinent a greater information of the same ones on said pseudoterapia.Introducción: La homeopatía, es una pseudoterapia basada en que una sustancia que en grandes cantidades es causante de una enfermedad, en cantidades infinitesimales la cura. Objetivo: analizar las actitudes y conocimientos sobre la homeopatía en los estudiantes. Método: 373 estudiantes de la Universidad Jaume I (UJI), muestra calculada mediante EPIDAT, rellenaron un cuestionario que constaba de datos demográficos, ítems sobre las actitudes frente a la homeopatía y un test que evaluaba los conocimientos en esta pseudoterapia. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y se realizaron contrastes de hipótesis entre diferentes ítems. Resultados: Un 4,9% de los estudiantes de la Universitat Jaume I (UJI) utiliza la homeopatía regularmente mientras que un 14,5% lo hace de forma ocasional. La media de conocimientos entre los encuestados es de 3,18 sobre 9 (DE 2,197). Los estudiantes que mejores puntuaciones han obtenido en el test han sido los estudiantes de Ciencias de la Salud. Conclusión: Debido a que una no despreciable proporción de los alumnos de la Universitat Jaume I (UJI) utiliza la homeopatía ocasionalmente y a que los conocimientos de los estudiantes de dicha universidad son escasos, es pertinente una mayor información de los mismos sobre la pseudoterapia a estudio

Estudio de la estabilidad coloidal y oxidativa de emulsiones con alto contenido en ácidos grasos omega-3

Póster presentado en: I Congreso CyTA Junior: 19 de mayo de 2017. IX Congreso CyTA-CESIA, Ayer, hoy y mañana de la Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, 16-19 de mayo de 2017, MadridJCyL y FEDER por la financiación del proyecto BU055U1

Filtration of subcritical water hydrolysates from red macroalgae byproducts with ultraporous ceramic membranes for oligosaccharide and peptide fractionation

An ultrafiltration-based process for oligosaccharide and peptide fractionation from a macroalgae subcritical water hydrolysate was studied. A wide range of separation results was obtained depending on the membrane pore. 100 kDa cut-off size was enough for hydrolysate clarification with total retention of colloidal materials. Oligosaccharides present in the hydrolysate showed the highest retention with all membranes, glucans mostly, followed by galactans, and finally arabinans. Peptides obtained after subcritical water treatment were some of the lowest rejected compounds, even using a 5 kDa membrane. The increase in temperature from 20 to 50 ◦C and feed flow rate from 6.6 to 11.2 L/h enhanced permeate flux for 5 kDa membrane, without perturbing the membrane retention. The Hermia’s models identified the cake layer resistance as the major fouling resistance in hydrolysate filtrations at 20 ◦C, but standard pore blockage was the principal fouling mechanism at 50 ◦C. A fractionation process with sequential filtration stages at 20 ◦C and TMP = 1.1 bar was examined. Oligosaccharides were fractionated in the retentates of the sequential filtrations with 100, 5 and 1 kDa membranes. The final permeate collected from the 1 kDa membrane was freeze-dried to obtain a peptide-rich solid (71 wt%) that could be used in different applications.The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación [grant number PID2019–104950RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033] and by the Junta de Castilla y León (JCyL) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERF) [grant number BU050P20]. E. Trigueros predoctoral contract was funded by the JCyL and the European Social Fund (ESF) by ORDEN EDU/574/2018

Efecto del tratamiento por ultrasonidos en el zumo de manzana no clarificado

Póster presentado en: I Congreso CyTA Junior: 19 de mayo de 2017. IX Congreso CyTA-CESIA, Ayer, hoy y mañana de la Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, 16-19 de mayo de 2017, MadridMINECO y FEDER por la financiación del proyecto CTQ2015-64396-

The Great American Biotic Interchange revisited: a new perspective from the stable isotope record of Argentine Pampas fossil mammals

This study aims at assessing resource and habitat use, niche occupation and trophic interactions from a stable isotope perspective on fossil mammals from the Argentine Pampas during the Great American Biotic Interchange (GABI). We present stable isotope data of more than 400 samples belonging to 10 mammalian orders and spanning a temporal range from ~9.5 Ma to ~12 ky. Rodents, notoungulates and pilosians record an increase in the consumption of C4 plants, whereas litopterns and cingulates show δ13C values that remain mostly within a C3-dominated diet. Our stable isotope data indicates that the expansion of C4 vegetation opened up new niche opportunities, probably alleviating resource competition among endemic taxa. Gomphothere, equid and camelid δ13C records show a broad variability pointing to consumption of C3 and mixed C3-C4 vegetation. This flexible dietary behavior may have facilitated the successful settlement of immigrant groups in South America. In the case of carnivorous taxa, Late Miocene pre-GABI endemic sparassodonts consumed prey from C3 environments, whereas immigrant carnivorans preferred prey from mixed C3-C4 areas. Our research contributes to the study of the GABI from a different perspective as stable isotope records permit to characterize, from a (semi)quantitative standpoint, ecological traits within extinct fauna

PlA2 Polymorphism of Platelet Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa and C677T Polymorphism of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR), but Not Factor V Leiden and Prothrombin G20210A Polymorphisms, Are Associated with More Severe Forms of Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease

The possible association of common polymorphic variants related to thrombophilia (the rs6025(A) allele encoding the Leiden mutation, rs1799963(A), i.e., the G20210A mutation of the prothrombin F2 gene, the rs1801133(T) variant of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene that encodes an enzyme involved in folate metabolism, and rs5918(C), i.e., the "A2" allele of the platelet-specific alloantigen system that increases platelet aggregation induced by agonists), with the risk of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) and the degree of hip involvement (Catterall stages I to IV) was analyzed in a cohort study, including 41 children of ages 2 to 10.9 (mean 5.4, SD 2.2), on the basis of clinical and radiological criteria of LCPD. In 10 of the cases, hip involvement was bilateral; thus, a total of 51 hips were followed-up for a mean of 75.5 months. The distribution of genotypes among patients and 118 controls showed no significant differences, with a slightly increased risk for LCPD in rs6025(A) carriers (OR: 2.9, CI: 0.2-47.8). Regarding the severity of LCPD based on Catterall classification, the rs1801133(T) variant of the MTHFR gene and the rs5918(C) variant of the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa were associated with more severe forms of Perthes disease (Catterall III-IV) (p < 0.05). The four children homozygous for mutated MTHFR had a severe form of the disease (Stage IV of Catterall) and a higher risk of non-favorable outcome (Stulberg IV-V).This research was funded by a grant from the Spanish government, 2002–2005, grant number FIS (00/0015) and University of Cantabria code 06.3842.64001 and The APC was funded by University of Cantabria-IDIVAL

Herramientas de comunicación en el aprendizaje de la Bioquímica

Sección Deptal. de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular (Biológicas)Depto. de Bioquímica y Biología MolecularFac. de Ciencias BiológicasFac. de Ciencias QuímicasFALSEsubmitte

Resilience, Stress, and Cortisol Predict Cognitive Performance in Older Adults

Objective: to determine the relationship between stress, resilience, and cognitive perfor- mance in older people without dementia. Method: multiple linear regressions were performed using measures of cognitive performance as dependent variables, and measures of stress and resilience as predictors in a sample of 63 Spanish elderly people. Results: participants reported low levels of stress during their lifetime. In addition to socio-demographic variables, greater stress was related to better delayed recall and worse letter–number sequencing and block design. Higher capillary cortisol was associated with lower flexibility on the Stroop task. Regarding protective factors, we found that greater psychological resilience was related to higher scores on the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-III, letter–number sequencing, and verbal fluency. Conclusion: in older people with low stress, apart from age, gender, and education, psychological resilience is a significant predictor of global cognitive status, working memory, and fluency. Likewise, stress is related to verbal memory functioning, working memory, and visuoconstructive abilities. Capillary cortisol level predicts cogni- tive flexibility. These findings may help to identify risk and protective factors for cognitive decline in older people. Training-based programs to reduce stress and increase psychological resilience may play an important role in preventing cognitive decline

Optimisation of an emulsification process for wheat bran oil encapsulation with proteins

Póster presentado en: 10th World Congress of Chemical Engineering, 1 a 5 de octubre de 2017, BarcelonaJunta de Castilla y León and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) for financial support of project BU055U1

Sustained release of prostaglandin E2 in fibroblasts expressing ectopically cyclooxygenase 2 impairs P2Y-dependent Ca2+-mobilization

The nucleotide uridine trisphosphate (UTP) released to the extracellular milieu acts as a signaling molecule via activation of specific pyrimidine receptors (P2Y). P2Y receptors are G protein-coupled receptors expressed in many cell types. These receptors mediate several cell responses and they are involved in intracellular calcium mobilization. We investigated the role of the prostanoid PGE2in P2Y signaling in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), since these cells are involved in different ontogenic and physiopathological processes, among them is tissue repair following proinflammatory activation. Interestingly, Ca2+-mobilization induced by UTP-dependent P2Y activation was reduced by PGE2when this prostanoid was produced by MEFs transfected with COX-2 or when PGE2was added exogenously to the culture medium. This Ca2+-mobilization was important for the activation of different metabolic pathways in fibroblasts. Moreover, inhibition of COX-2 with selective coxibs prevented UTP-dependent P2Y activation in these cells. The inhibition of P2Y responses by PGE2involves the activation of PKCs and PKD, a response that can be suppressed after pharmacological inhibition of these protein kinases. In addition to this, PGE2reduces the fibroblast migration induced by P2Y-agonists such as UTP. Taken together, these data demonstrate that PGE2is involved in the regulation of P2Y signaling in these cells.This work was supported by Grants BFU2011-24760 and BFU2011-24743 from MINECO, S2010/BMD-2378 from Comunidad de Madrid, Red de Investigación Cardiovascular, RIC, RD12/0042/0019, and Fundación Marcelino Botín (to María Teresa Miras-Portugal). RIC and Ciberehd are funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III.Peer Reviewe