Modelo borroso para la evaluación del riesgo en el otorgamiento de créditos de corto plazo a SME´s

Las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PyMEs) en Colombia, son las responsables de un crecimiento dinámico de la industria y el comercio, y han sido consideradas la columna vertebral de las economías en los últimos años; sin embargo, han tenido fuertes restricciones para acceder al mercado de créditos para su sostenibilidad y cubrir sus necesidades a corto y mediano plazo, debido principalmente a la poca información que se tiene de estas en el sector financiero. Lo anterior ha llevado a que muchos de los estudios de crédito se basen en información cualitativa y subjetiva la cual no es fácil de identificar o modelar por parte de un analista, lo que genera a las entidades financieras gran incertidumbre en la colocación de sus recursos. Para abordar este problema, se desarrolló un modelo basado en los principios de la lógica borrosa y la integración de las características más relevantes de los métodos para la toma de decisiones, ELECTRE y AHP. El modelo permitió evaluar un crédito de corto plazo mediante la caracterización de una PyME en términos de subcriterios que constituyen la información cuantitativa y cualitativa de esta. El modelo arrojó una buena sensibilidad al momento de modificar la importancia de cada una de las características de la PyME y permitió mejorar el proceso de asignación de dineros en una organización.Abstract: Small and mediumsized enterprises (SMEs) in Colombia are responsible for a dynamic growth of industry and commerce, and have been considered the backbone of economies in recent years; However, they have had strong restrictions on accessing the credit market for their sustainability and covering their needs in the short and medium term, mainly due to the lack of information available in the financial sector. This has led many of the credit studies to be based on qualitative and subjective information which is not easy to identify or model on the part of an analyst, which generates financial institutions great uncertainty in the placement of their resources. To address this problem, a model was developed based on the principles of fuzzy logic and the integration of the most relevant characteristics of the methods for decision making, ELECTRE and AHP. The model allowed to evaluate a short-term credit by characterizing a SME in terms of subcriteria that constitute the quantitative and qualitative information of this. The model showed a good sensitivity when changing the importance of each of the characteristics of the SME and allowed to improve the process of allocating money in an organization.Maestrí

Reconstrución histórica del proyecto Atlántico Digital entre los años 2004-2011 (gobernaciones de los doctores Carlos Rodado Noriega y Eduardo Verano de la Rosa)

El estudio titulado, “Reconstrucción histórica del proyecto Atlántico Digital, entre los años 2004 – 2011 (gobernaciones de los doctores Carlos Rodado Noriega y Eduardo Verano De la Rosa”) es un trabajo de corte historiográfico en el que nos propusimos detallar toda la información del proyecto Atlántico Digital entre los años mencionados, con el objeto de consolidar un documento que dé cuenta de sus inicios y evolución, que lo mantenga en el tiempo y que sea dispuesto para su consulta y conocimiento público

Atlántico digital : logros y desafíos : procesos para una ciudadanía digital

Atlántico Digital: De este lado de la frontera de la comunicación -- Las redes de fibra óptica en el Atlántico: 400 kilómetros de desarrollo -- Retos digitales: a propósito de Gobierno en Línea en el Atlántico -- Nuevas Tecnologías y Políticas de la Representación: reduciendo la brecha cultural.Editorial Universidad del Nort

Antifouling activity of peracetylated cholic acid, a natural bile acid derivative

The antifouling activity of peracetylated cholic acid (1), a bile acid derivative which was isolated in a previous work as a natural product from the Patagonian sponge Siphonochalina fortis, was evaluated in laboratory and field trials. Toxicity and settlement assays were performed with the mussel Mytilus edulis platensis, while the field trials were carried out by addition of the compound to experimental soluble-matrix paints, which were then tested in the sea. The results obtained in this work show that 1 has a good antifouling activity and low toxicity, and the paints aditivated with 0,6% Wt showed promissory performances in the field trials at the sea. These results confirm the previous hypothesis that the few acetylated and lipophilic bile acid derivatives isolated from marine invertebrates may act as natural antifoulants. Compound 1 is a natural, biodegradable product that can be easily prepared from cholic acid, which in turn can be isolated in industrial scale from cattle bile. All these facts make cholic acid a good scaffold for the preparation of derivatives, which can be natural product-like, effective and sustainable antifouling additives for marine paints and other applications.Fil: Pérez, Miriam. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Tecnología de Pinturas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones en Tecnología de Pinturas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; ArgentinaFil: Sánchez, Marianela. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Tecnología de Pinturas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones en Tecnología de Pinturas; ArgentinaFil: García, Mónica. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Tecnología de Pinturas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones en Tecnología de Pinturas; ArgentinaFil: Patiño Cano, Laura Patricia. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Tecnología de Pinturas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones en Tecnología de Pinturas; ArgentinaFil: Blustein, Guillermo. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Tecnología de Pinturas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones en Tecnología de Pinturas; ArgentinaFil: Palermo, Jorge Alejandro. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Tecnología de Pinturas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones en Tecnología de Pinturas; Argentin

Effect of doors opening in refrigerated cabinets: phenomenological study of the thermodynamic behavior and air flow dynamics

During last years, supermarkets have increased the demand for closed refrigerated display cabinets due to new regulations and trends on energy and sustainability. However, the performance of this type of refrigerated display cabinets is not completely known, being of utmost importance how the airflow distributions could affect over the temperature distributions inside the cabinet. Consequently, this work presents a numerical evaluation of the performance of closed display cabinets focusing on the effect of the sliding doors opening process. The set of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations served to validate the use of immersed solid approach in order to accurately analyze and evaluate transient behavior of the turbulent air flow distributions and temperature evolutions inside the cabinet and over the products, and characterizing the air curtain disruptions and the warm air entrainment during the opening process of the cabinet sliding doors (i.e. from closed doors, through doors opening process and to doors totally open)

Effects of Biological Therapies on Molecular Features of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting the joints, and closely related to specific autoantibodies that mostly target modified self-epitopes. Relevant findings in the field of RA pathogenesis have been described. In particular, new insights come from studies on synovial fibroblasts and cells belonging to the innate and adaptive immune system, which documented the aberrant production of inflammatory mediators, oxidative stress and NETosis, along with relevant alterations of the genome and on the regulatory epigenetic mechanisms. In recent years, the advances in the understanding of RA pathogenesis by identifying key cells and cytokines allowed the development of new targeted disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). These drugs considerably improved treatment outcomes for the majority of patients. Moreover, numerous studies demonstrated that the pharmacological therapy with biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs) promotes, in parallel to their clinical efficacy, significant improvement in all these altered molecular mechanisms. Thus, continuous updating of the knowledge of molecular processes associated with the pathogenesis of RA, and on the specific effects of bDMARDs in the correction of their dysregulation, are essential in the early and correct approach to the treatment of this complex autoimmune disorder. The present review details basic mechanisms related to the physiopathology of RA, along with the core mechanisms of response to bDMARDs

Therapeutic Potential and Immunomodulatory Role of Coenzyme Q10 and Its Analogues in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a mitochondrial electron carrier and a powerful lipophilic antioxidant located in membranes and plasma lipoproteins. CoQ10 is endogenously synthesized and obtained from the diet, which has raised interest in its therapeutic potential against pathologies related to mitochondrial dysfunction and enhanced oxidative stress. Novel formulations of solubilized CoQ10 and the stabilization of reduced CoQ10 (ubiquinol) have improved its bioavailability and efficacy. Synthetic analogues with increased solubility, such as idebenone, or accumulated selectively in mitochondria, such as MitoQ, have also demonstrated promising properties. CoQ10 has shown beneficial effects in autoimmune diseases. Leukocytes from antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) patients exhibit an oxidative perturbation closely related to the prothrombotic status. In vivo ubiquinol supplementation in APS modulated the overexpression of inflammatory and thrombotic risk-markers. Mitochondrial abnormalities also contribute to immune dysregulation and organ damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Idebenone and MitoQ improved clinical and immunological features of lupus-like disease in mice. Clinical trials and experimental models have further demonstrated a therapeutic role for CoQ10 in Rheumatoid Arthritis, multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes. This review summarizes the effects of CoQ10 and its analogs in modulating processes involved in autoimmune disorders, highlighting the potential of these therapeutic approaches for patients with immune-mediated diseases

Protecting A Hidden Treasure: The U.N International Law Commission and the International Law of Transboundary Ground Water Resources

Rift Valley Fever (RVF) is a disease caused by the Rift Valley Fever virus (RVFV), which is member of the Bunyaviridae family, Phlebovirus genus. RVF a viral zoonosis that primarily affects animals but can also infect humans. This one affects mainly domestic ruminants, causing large epizootics, with high rates of lethality in young animals and abortions in infected females. The virus was first identified in 1931 during an investigation into an epidemic among sheep on a farm in the Rift Valley of Kenya

Diseño y desarrollo de un mueble frigorífico comercial con funcionamiento autónomo durante ciertos periodos de tiempo

El trabajo presentado en este artículo se basa en integrar en el interior de un mueble frigorífico comercial un fluido caloportador con cambio de fase que permite un funcionamiento totalmente autónomo durante un periodo de tiempo, sin necesidad de conexión eléctrica para mantener la temperatura del alimento perecedero. En este artículo se presenta una nueva solución para optimizar el rendimiento de los muebles frigoríficos destinados al almacenamiento de producto perecedero en un supermercado a la vez que se abre una nueva posibilidad de añadir servicios nuevos que hasta la fecha el mercado desconoce. Este estudio se ha llevado a cabo a partir de la acumulación térmica de un fluido compuesto por muestras PCM (Phase Change Material) y de la optimización de todos los mecanismos de transmisión de calor que coexisten durante el funcionamiento de un mueble. El almacenamiento de calor en un momento determinado para disponerlo más tarde se presenta como una solución sin precedentes. En este sentido, nace una manera nueva de producir frío que nos va a permitir recargar este acumulador térmico en horario de tarificación eléctrica más bajo y proporcionar un servicio autónomo y continuado para mantener las condiciones que necesita el almacenamiento del producto perecedero durante el horario de mejor coste energético y mitigando las variaciones de temperatura que pueda sufrir el producto perecedero

Antifouling activity of peracetylated cholic acid, a natural bile acid derivative

The antifouling activity of peracetylated cholic acid (1), a bile acid derivative which was isolated in a previous work as a natural product from the Patagonian sponge Siphonochalina fortis, was evaluated in laboratory and field trials. Toxicity and settlement assays were performed with the mussel Mytilus edulis platensis, while the field trials were carried out by addition of the compound to experimental soluble-matrix paints, which were then tested in the sea. The results obtained in this work show that 1 has a good antifouling activity and low toxicity, and the paints aditivated with 0,6% Wt showed promissory performances in the field trials at the sea. These results confirm the previous hypothesis that the few acetylated and lipophilic bile acid derivatives isolated from marine invertebrates may act as natural antifoulants. Compound 1 is a natural, biodegradable product that can be easily prepared from cholic acid, which in turn can be isolated in industrial scale from cattle bile. All these facts make cholic acid a good scaffold for the preparation of derivatives, which can be natural product-like, effective and sustainable antifouling additives for marine paints and other applications.Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología de Pintura