Cayley digraphs of finite abelian groups and monomial ideals

In the study of double-loop computer networks, the diagrams known as L-shapes arise as a graphical representation of an optimal routing for every graph’s node. The description of these diagrams provides an efficient method for computing the diameter and the average minimum distance of the corresponding graphs. We extend these diagrams to multiloop computer networks. For each Cayley digraph with a finite abelian group as vertex set, we define a monomial ideal and consider its representations via its minimal system of generators or its irredundant irreducible decomposition. From this last piece of information, we can compute the graph’s diameter and average minimum distance. That monomial ideal is the initial ideal of a certain lattice with respect to a graded monomial ordering. This result permits the use of Gr¨obner bases for computing the ideal and finding an optimal routing. Finally, we present a family of Cayley digraphs parametrized by their diameter d, all of them associated to irreducible monomial ideals

Enclosure acoustics considerations for the study of the effect of noise on fish

Comunicación presentada en el 54º Congreso Español de Acústica – TECNIACÚSTICA 2023, Cuenca, 18-20 de octubre de 2023.El estudio del comportamiento de los peces resulta extremadamente complicado en un entorno de libertad, especialmente si hablamos de su exposición a diferentes fuentes sonoras. Por este motivo, de las investigaciones en marcha son llevadas a cabo en el seno de un laboratorio, bien en peceras o bien en tanques, teniendo así un entorno controlado donde monitorizar continuamente el comportamiento de las muestras. Sin embargo, un recinto confinado difiere considerablemente de un espacio abierto. Mientras que un pez en libertad estará sometido por norma general a un campo sonoro libre, cuando hablamos de un recinto cerrado las condiciones cambian notablemente.Studying the behaviour of fish is extremely difficult in a free environment, especially when it comes to their exposure to different sound sources. For this reason, existing research is carried out in a laboratory, either in fish tanks or in tanks, thus having a controlled environment in which the behaviour of the samples can be continuously monitored. However, a confined enclosure differs considerably from an open space. While a fish in the wild will generally be subjected to a free sound field, when we talk about an enclosed area the conditions change markedly.This research was financed by the European Union Next Generation EU and FEDER funds under the projects PCI2022-135081-2 and PID2021-127426OB-C22 of the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain, respectively

Aplicación y comparación de métodos univariados para evaluar la estabilidad en maíces del valle Tolucaatlacomulco, México

El objetivo de este estudio fue aplicar 6 métodos univariados para evaluar la estabilidad de 25 genotipos de maíz (Zea mays L.) de los Valles Altos de México. Los genotipos fueron evaluados en 4 ambientes bajo un diseño de bloques completos al azar, con 4 repeticiones por ambiente. Con los datos del rendimiento de grano (RG) se practicó un análisis de varianza combinado. Los índices de estabilidad calculados fueron la desviación estándar (Si) y el coeficiente de variación (CVi) de Francis y Kannenberg, los parámetros de estabilidad (bi y S2di ) de Eberhart y Russell, la ecovalencia (Wi) de Wricke, la varianza de estabilidad ( i 2) de Shukla, los índices no parámetricos (Si (1) y Si (2)) de Huehn, y la medida de superioridad de un cultivar (Pi) de Lin y Binns. Los resultados mostraron que Chalqueño, ETA 13, H-40, San Lucas y VS-46E tuvieron los índices de estabilidad más pequeños. La metodología del biplot identificó a estos 5 genotipos, así como a Ixtlahuaca y HIT-3 como variedades estables y de alto rendimiento (de 5,92 a 7,91 t.ha-1). La metodología del biplot indicó que RG, bi, Pi y CVi, estuvieron relacionados, pero tuvieron poca o ninguna relación con Si, Wi , i 2, Si (1), Si (2) y S2di. Chalqueño y ETA 13 pertenecen a la raza Chalqueño, Ixtlahuaca y San Lucas fueron identificadas en la raza Cónico, mientras que H-40, HIT-3 y VS-46E tienen germoplasma de otras razas, por lo que éstos podrían emplearse en un programa de mejoramiento para incrementar el rendimiento de grano y la estabilidad de los maíces de esta región de México

Elaboración de paisajes sonoros para la monitorización y seguimiento de la contaminación acústica submarina

Comunicación presentada en el 54º Congreso Español de Acústica – TECNIACÚSTICA 2023, Cuenca, 18-20 de octubre de 2023.El ruido submarino antropogénico es una amenaza creciente para la vida marina debido al incremento de la actividad humana en el medio marino. En Europa se publicó la Directiva 2008/56/CE del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo con el objetivo de establecer un marco de actuación comunitaria en el ámbito de la política medioambiental marina. La directiva introduce la energía acústica submarina, tal y como se detalla en el Descriptor 11, como fuente contaminante, por lo que se hace necesario realizar la monitorización y seguimiento de los niveles acústicos en el entorno marítimo. Se establecen dos metodologías para determinar el nivel de contaminación acústica submarina; la monitorización mediante el despliegue de hidrófonos y la elaboración de paisajes o mapas sonoros. El primer método requiere un despliegue de larga duración lo que implica un alto coste por lo que la elaboración de mapas sonoros es una alternativa real para establecer los niveles acústicos en una demarcación marítima determinada. En el presente trabajo se presentan las necesidades y procesos necesarios para la elaboración de paisajes sonoros en el contexto del proyecto: Filling the gap: Thresholds assessment and impact beyond acoustic pressure level linked to emerging blue-growth activities (SONORA) referencia PCI2022-135081-2.Anthropogenic noise is a growing threat to marine life due to the increment of human activity in the marine environment. In Europe, the Directive 2008/56/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council was published with the aim of establishing a framework for community action in the field of marine environmental policy. The directive introduces underwater acoustic energy, as detailed in Descriptor 11, as a polluting source, which makes it necessary to monitor and follow the acoustic levels in the maritime environment. Two methodologies are established to determine the level of underwater pollution; monitoring through the deployment of hydrophones and the elaboration of landscapes or sound maps. The first method requires a long-term deployment, which implies a high cost, so the elaboration of sound maps is a real alternative to establish the noise levels in a given maritime area. This paper presents the requirements and processes needed for the elaboration of soundscapes in the context of the Project: Filling the gap: Thresholds assessment and impact beyond acoustic pressure level linked to emerging blue-growth activities (SONORA) reference PCI2022-135081-2.El presente trabajo ha sido realizado por SAES y la Universidad de Alicante en el contexto del proyecto: Filling the gap: Thresholds assessment and impact beyond acoustic pressure level linked to emerging blue-growth activities (SONORA) referencia PCI2022-135081-2

Observation and Detection of Underground Cellars in the Duero Basin By GNSS, Lidar and Ground Penetrating Radar Techniques

The underground cellars that appear in different parts of Spain are part of an agricultural landscape dispersed, sometimes damaged, others at risk of disappearing. This paper studies the measurement and display of a group of wineries located in Atauta (Soria), in the Duero River corridor. It is a unique architectural complex, facing rising, built on a smooth hillock as shown in Fig. 1. These constructions are excavated in the ground. The access to the cave or underground cellar has a shape of a narrow tube or down gallery. Immediately after, this space gets wider. There, wine is produced and stored [1]. Observation and detection of the underground cellar, both on the outside and underground, it is essential to make an inventory of the rural patrimony [2]. The geodetection is a noninvasive technique, adequate to accurately locate buried structures in the ground. Works undertaken include topographic work with the LIDAR techniques and integration with data obtained by GNSS and GPR

Microevolution, reinfection and highly complex genomic diversity in patients with sequential isolates of Mycobacterium abscessus

Mycobacterium abscessus is an opportunistic, extensively drug-resistant non-tuberculous mycobacterium. Few genomic studies consider its diversity in persistent infections. Our aim was to characterize microevolution/reinfection events in persistent infections. Fifty-three sequential isolates from 14 patients were sequenced to determine SNV-based distances, assign resistance mutations and characterize plasmids. Genomic analysis revealed 12 persistent cases (0-13 differential SNVs), one reinfection (15,956 SNVs) and one very complex case (23 sequential isolates over 192 months), in which a first period of persistence (58 months) involving the same genotype 1 was followed by identification of a genotype 2 (76 SNVs) in 6 additional alternating isolates; additionally, ten transient genotypes (88-243 SNVs) were found. A macrolide resistance mutation was identified from the second isolate. Despite high diversity, the genotypes shared a common phylogenetic ancestor and some coexisted in the same specimens. Genomic analysis is required to access the true intra-patient complexity behind persistent infections involving M. abscessus.This work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III [AC16/00057, FIS15/01554, PI21/01823, PI19/00331, FI20/00129, PI21/01738], co-financed by European Regional Development Funds of the European Commission: “A way of making Europe”; a Miguel Servet Contract (ISCIII) CPII20/00001 to LPL. FI22/00145 contract from a PFIS (ISCIII) to SBS and Ministerio de Ciencia (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, grant PID2020-112865RB-I00).Peer reviewe

Applications of non-intrusive methods to study the sand cat: a field study in the Sahara Desert

Surveys based on indirect signs and camera trapping are two non-invasive methods extensively used for monitoring elusive mammals. Both approaches can be useful to obtain key information on wildlife in remote areas, since they may allow for the logistically viable design of optimal field frameworks. The sand cat (Felis margarita) is a feline that inhabits the Sahara Desert, the Arabian Peninsula, and western Asian deserts. Its basic ecology is poorly known and the status and impacts of threats are difficult to assess. Some local population declines have been detected, and more research is needed. Based on field surveys carried out in the Atlantic Sahara, we have evaluated the applications of both methods to study this species. Our results show that (a) camera trapping provided reliable data on several key aspects of its ecology, (b) walking surveys to collect feces for molecular data failed completely, and (c) for footprints, identification problems and the marked effects of the absence of optimal substrates and the prevalence of wind are relevant handicaps. Beyond this evaluation, we provide for the first time some key aspects of the ecology of sand cats in the Sahara Desert, including habitat selection, density, diel activity, and predator–prey relationships.Funding for open access publishing: Universidad de Granada/CBUA. This study was partially supported by Fundación Barcelona Zoo (PRIC Project 2017 grant)

Early myeloma-related death in elderly patients: development of a clinical prognostic score and evaluation of response sustainability role

Although survival of elderly myeloma patients has significantly improved there is still a subset of patients who, despite being fit and achieving optimal responses, will die within 2 years of diagnosis due to myeloma progression. The objective of this study was to define a scoring prognostic index to identify this group of patients. We have evaluated the outcome of 490 newly diagnosed elderly myeloma patients included in two Spanish trials (GEM2005-GEM2010). Sixty-eight patients (13.8%) died within 2 years of diagnosis (early deaths) due to myeloma progression. Our study shows that the use of simple scoring model based on 4 widely available markers (elevated LDH, ISS 3, high risk CA or >75 years) can contribute to identify up-front these patients. Moreover, unsustained response (<6 months duration) emerged as one important predictor of early myeloma-related mortality associated with a significant increase in the risk of death related to myeloma progression. The identification of these patients at high risk of early death is relevant for innovative trials aiming to maintain the depth of first response, since many of them will not receive subsequent lines of therapy.This study was supported by the Cooperative Research Thematic Networkgrants RD12/0036/0058 and RD12/0036/0046 of the Redde Cancer (Cancer Network of Excellence); Instituto deSalud Carlos III, Spain, Instituto de Salud Carlos III/SubdirecciónGeneral de Investigación Sanitaria part-financedby the European Regional Development Fund (FIS: PI12/01761; PI12/02311; PI13/01469; PI14/01867, G03/136;Sara Borrell: CD13/00340); Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer (GCB120981SAN) and FEDER

Executive summary. diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of influenza virus infection. Consensus statement of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), the Spanish Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (SEIP), the Spanish Association of Vaccinology (AEV), the Spanish Society of Family and Community Medicine (SEMFYC) and the Spanish Society of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Health Management (SEMPSPGS)

[spa] El virus de la gripe ha acompañado al ser humano desde tiempo inmemorial, en forma de epidemias anuales y pandemias ocasionales. Se trata de una infección respiratoria con múltiples repercusiones sobre la vida de las personas a nivel individual y social, así como una importante sobrecarga para el sistema sanitario. El presente documento de consenso surge de la colaboración de diversas sociedades científicas españolas implicadas en la atención de la infección por virus de la gripe. Las conclusiones extraídas se han fundamentado en las evidencias de mayor calidad disponibles en la literatura científica y, en su defecto, en la opinión de los expertos convocados. En el documento de consenso se abordan los aspectos clínicos, microbiológicos, terapéuticos y preventivos (respecto de la prevención de la transmisión y en relación con la vacunación) de la gripe, tanto para población pediátrica como para adultos. Este documento de consenso pretende ayudar a facilitar el abordaje clínico, microbiológico y preventivo de la infección por virus de la gripe y, consecuentemente, a disminuir sus importantes consecuencias sobre la morbimortalidad de la población.[eng]The influenza virus has accompanied humans since time immemorial, in the form of annual epidemics and occasional pandemics. It is a respiratory infection with multiple repercussions on people's lives at an individual and social level, as well as representing a significant burden on the health system. This Consensus Document arises from the collaboration of various Spanish scientific societies involved in influenza virus infection. The conclusions drawn are based on the highest quality evidence available in the scientific literature and, failing that, on the opinion of the experts convened. The Consensus Document addresses the clinical, microbiological, therapeutic, and preventive aspects (with respect to the prevention of transmission and in relation to vaccination) of influenza, for both adult and pediatric populations. This Consensus Document aims to help facilitate the clinical, microbiological, and preventive approach to influenza virus infection and, consequently, to reduce its important consequences on the morbidity and mortality of the population