LaSR: A Supple Multi-Connectivity Scheduler for Multi-RAT OFDMA Systems

Network densification over space and spectrum is expected to be key to enabling the requirements of next generation mobile systems. The pitfall is that radio resource allocation becomes substantially more complex. In this paper we propose LaSR, a practical multi-connectivity scheduler for OFDMA-based multi-RAT systems. LaSR makes optimal discrete control actions by solving a sequence of simple optimization problems that do not require prior information of traffic patterns. In marked contrast to previous work, the flexibility of our approach allows us to construct scheduling policies that achieve a good balance between system cost and utility satisfaction, while jointly operate across heterogeneous RATs, accommodate real-system requirements, and guarantee system stability. Examples of system requirements considered in this paper include (but are not limited to): constraints on how scheduling data can be encoded onto signaling protocols (e.g. LTE’s DCI), delays when turning on/off radio units, or on/off cycles when using unlicensed spectrum. We evaluate our scheduler via a thorough simulation campaign in a variety of scenarios with e.g. mobile users, RATs using unlicensed spectrum (using a duty cycle access mechanism), imperfect queue state information, and constrained signaling protocol.The authors would like to thank the Spanish Government (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, FEDER) for its support through the project ADVICE (TEC2015-71329-C2-1-R) and 5G-Transformer Project (Grant 761536)

Modelo holónico de la ingeniería del producto

En el presente trabajo se formula un modelo holónico de la Ingeniería del Producto,soportado por las siguientes entidades holónicas: Estrategia de Producto, Producto, Proceso, Entorno de Diseño y Desarrollo. Dicho modelo se fundamenta desde los principios holónicos propuestos por Koestler y la teoría de la variedad de Ashby. Esta formulación permite dar soporte a: los requerimientos de empresa y producto extendido y virtual, así como al diseño colaborativo y distribuido inteligente.The present work we formulated a holonic model of the Product Engineering, it is supported by the following holonics entities: Product Strategy, Product, Process, Design and Development Context. This model has a foundation from holonics principles proposed by Koestler and the Ashby theory of varieties. This formulation permits giving support to: Company's requests and extended and virtual product, furthermore the collaborative and distributed intelligent

Distribución, bioecología y provisión de bienes y servicios ecosistémicos de Prosopis alba en Argentina

Prosopis alba (Grisebach), commonly known as “algarrobo blanco” in Argentina is a woody plant with wide distribution in South America- Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile and Peru. It is a pioneer tree, heliophileous, adapted to arid and semi-arid climates, and to saline soils. It is defined as a multipurpose species of high regional importance, since it is a provider of timber, edible fruits, forage and medicine. It also provides ecosystem services and improves the environment having potential to restore degraded ecosystems and catalyze the development of new production systems. The aim of this revision is to recover and transcend the accumulated knowledge about its taxonomy, botanical characteristics, distribution and bio-ecology, as well as the goods and services provided by this forest tree species of great interest for Argentina.Prosopis alba (Grisebach), vulgarmente conocido como algarrobo blanco en Argentina, es una planta leñosa con amplia distribución en Sudamérica: Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Brasil, Bolivia, Chile y Perú. Son árboles pioneros, heliófilos, adaptados a condiciones de climas áridos y semiáridos con suelos salinos. Se la define como una especie multipropósito de gran importancia regional debido a la diversidad de usos tanto madereros como alimenticios, forrajeros y medicinales; brinda servicios ecosistémicos y mejora los ambientes, teniendo potencial para restaurar áreas degradadas y catalizar el desarrollo de nuevos sistemas de producción. El objetivo de esta revisión es recuperar y trascender el conocimiento acumulado sobre su taxonomía, caracteres botánicos, distribución y bioecología, así como los bienes y servicios que proporciona esta especie forestal de gran interés para Argentina

Provenance effect on productive behavior of Prosopis alba within plantation

Prosopis alba (algarrobo blanco) es una especie forestal nativa utilizada principalmente para aserrío en Argentina. La Ley 27.487/19 de fomento forestal considera las densidades y prácticas adecuadas para el logro de madera de calidad. Además del buen manejo, la correcta selección del origen del material genético es una estrategia importante para la obtención de buenos rendimientos de madera. Con el objeto de evaluar el comportamiento de plantas de P. alba de tres procedencias se establecieron ensayos en las localidades de Corrientes y Chaco (Argentina). Se trabajó con plantines logrados a partir de semillas de las procedencias Santiagueña, Chaqueña y Salta Norte. Una vez establecidos en campo se evaluó el índice de respuesta neta y cuatro variables dasométricas (altura total, diámetro a la altura del cuello, volumen de árbol en pie e incremento corriente anual). No se detectó efecto del origen geográfico de las plantas sobre la sobrevivencia. Considerando los parámetros dasométricos estudiados, la procedencia Salta Norte resultó superior respecto a las procedencias Chaqueña y Santiagueña. En Sáenz Peña (Chaco) todas las variables dasométricas evaluadas resultaron estadísticamente superiores, mientras que en Corrientes solamente el diámetro a la altura del cuello y altura total fueron superiores. Se observó que la procedencia Salta Norte se destaca como la de mejor comportamiento en ambas localidades. Por tanto, se concluye que la procedencia del germoplasma de P. alba influye en su comportamiento productivo.Prosopis alba is one of the most widely used native forest species for sawmilling in Argentina. The forestry development law N° 27.487/19 considers the plantation of this specie taking into account densities and suitable practices for quality wood achievement. Coupled with good management right selection of the origin of the genetic material is a strategy that contributes to obtain good yields. In order to evaluate the behavior of P. alba three provenances plants were established in Corrientes and Chaco to assess their performance in these environments. It was worked with seedlings compound by seeds from the provenance of Santiago, Chaco and North Salta. As established on field, net response rate and four dasometric variables (total height, diameter at neck height, standing tree volume and annual current increase) were evaluated. Effect of plants’ geographical origin over survival was not detected. In consideration of dasometric studied parameters, North Salta provenance was higher than the ones from Chaco and Santiago. In Sáenz Peña (Chaco) for this provenance all the evaluated dasometric variables were statistically greater, whereas in Corrientes they only were the diameter at neck height and total height. It has been proved that North Salta provenance stands out as the one with the best behavior in both tested locations. Therefore, it is concluded that the geographic origin of P. alba germplasm influences its productive behavior.Fil: Fontana, María Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Chaco-formosa. Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Saenz Peña. Agencia de Extension Rural Saenz Peña.; ArgentinaFil: Pérez, Víctor Ramón. Universidad Nacional de Formosa; ArgentinaFil: Luna, Claudia Verónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentin

50 años de arquitectura en Andalucía, 1936-1986

La arquitectura de nuestras ciudades está conformada por una masiva producción contemporánea que ha tergiversado con excesiva frecuencia, y por lo común negativamente, las estructuras urbanas heredadas, incluidas las poblaciones menores. Es más, en estas décadas han habido las mayores actuaciones territoriales desde los proyectos de colonización de Sierra Morena en la época de Carlos III, cuales son las masivas operaciones turísticas de la costa andaluza. El conocimiento de un conjunto tan complejo aconseja la realización de inventarios o catálogos que faciliten el análisis y permitan establecer conclusiones

Field Spectroscopy: A Non-Destructive Technique for Estimating Water Status in Vineyards

Water status controls plant physiology and is key to managing vineyard grape quality and yield. Water status is usually estimated by leaf water potential (LWP), which is measured using a pressure chamber; however, this method is di cult, time-consuming, and error-prone. While traditional spectral methods based on leaf reflectance are faster and non-destructive, most are based on vegetation indices derived from satellite imagery (and so only take into account discrete bandwidths) and do not take full advantage of modern hyperspectral sensors that capture spectral reflectance for thousands of wavelengths. We used partial least squares regression (PLSR) to predict LWP from reflectance values (wavelength 350–2500 nm) captured with a field spectroradiometer. We first identified wavelength ranges that minimized regression error. We then tested several common data pre-processing methods to analyze the impact on PLSR prediction precision, finding that derivative pre-processing increased the determination coe cients of our models and reduced root mean squared error (RMSE). The models fitted with raw data obtained their best results at around 1450 nm, while the models with derivative pre-processed achieved their best estimates at 826 nm and 1520 nm.Education Department of the Junta de Castilla y León-Spai

LaSR: a supple multi-connectivity scheduler for multi-RAT OFDMA systems

Network densification over space and spectrum is expected to be key to enabling the requirements of next generation mobile systems. The pitfall is that radio resource allocation becomes substantially more complex. In this paper we propose LaSR, a practical multi-connectivity scheduler for OFDMA-based multi-RAT systems. LaSR makes optimal discrete control actions by solving a sequence of simple optimization problems that do not require prior information of traffic patterns. In marked contrast to previous work, the flexibility of our approach allows us to construct scheduling policies that achieve a good balance between system cost and utility satisfaction, while jointly operate across heterogeneous RATs, accommodate real-system requirements, and guarantee system stability. Examples of system requirements considered in this paper include (but are not limited to): constraints on how scheduling data can be encoded onto signaling protocols (e.g. LTE's DCI), delays when turning on/off radio units, or on/off cycles when using unlicensed spectrum. We evaluate our scheduler via a thorough simulation campaign in a variety of scenarios with e.g. mobile users, RATs using unlicensed spectrum (using a duty cycle access mechanism), imperfect queue state information, and constrained signaling protocol.The authors would like to thank the Spanish Government (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, FEDER) for its support through the project ADVICE (TEC2015-71329-C2-1-R) and 5G-Transformer Project (Grant 761536)

Material properties of evolutionary diverse spider silks described by variation in a single structural parameter

Spider major ampullate gland silks (MAS) vary greatly in material properties among species but, this variation is shown here to be confined to evolutionary shifts along a single universal performance trajectory. This reveals an underlying design principle that is maintained across large changes in both spider ecology and silk chemistry. Persistence of this design principle becomes apparent after the material properties are defined relative to the true alignment parameter, which describes the orientation and stretching of the protein chains in the silk fiber. Our results show that the mechanical behavior of all Entelegynae major ampullate silk fibers, under any conditions, are described by this single parameter that connects the sequential action of three deformation micromechanisms during stretching: stressing of protein-protein hydrogen bonds, rotation of the ?-nanocrystals and growth of the ordered fraction. Conservation of these traits for over 230 million years is an indication of the optimal design of the material and gives valuable clues for the production of biomimetic counterparts based on major ampullate spider silk

Regressão linear e modelo Arima na previsão de vendas de gengibre no Equador / Linear regression and Arima Model in sales forecasts of Ginger in Ecuador

Esta pesquisa apresenta a aplicação de técnicas estatísticas de regressão linear múltipla e modelo ARIMA nas previsões das demonstrações financeiras do gengibre, para o mercado local e internacional através da empresa Nature Product Gingerdale Cía. Ltda., da província de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Equador. Dados financeiros como: preço, quantidade exportada e níveis de vendas. Em particular, este estudo teve como foco a dinâmica econométrica que essas contas tiveram de janeiro de 2016 a 2020. Com base nesses dados, foi feita uma projeção até 2021. Adicionalmente, foi realizada uma análise exploratória, considerando os pressupostos de normalidade, multicolinearidade, homocedasticidade, autocorrelação e presença de ruído branco para os resíduos. Posteriormente, foi complementado com modelagem linear múltipla e a metodologia de séries temporais Box Jenkins. Em conclusão, o modelo de regressão linear múltipla para as demonstrações financeiras do gengibre é Y=-8103,317+5511,314X1+1,217 X2, com covariância global de 93,90%, por sua vez, a variável explicativa com maior incidência nas vendas é o quilograma de Ruivo que refletiu 91,50%, o preço apresentou uma covariância de 22,10%. O modelo de média móvel autoregressiva para o preço indicou um ARIMA (2,0,0) (0,0,1), em relação ao número de quilogramas/exportações um ARIMA (2,0,0) (0) é ajustado, 0.0) e baseado em vendas para um modelo ARIMA (2,0,0) (0,0,0) e por sua vez este modelo é ideal para fazer previsões, confirmando que o cenário é otimista para produção e exportação de gengibre para o Equador