A novel Multi-permittivity Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna for Wideband Applications

In this paper, a novel multi-permittivity cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna for wideband application is presented. The multi-permittivity cylinder is formed by combining two different permittivity material sectors in such a way that each sector (with constant permittivity) is 90 degree apart. A direct microstrip line coupling terminated with T-stub at the open end is used to excite the multi-permittivity cylindrical dielectric resonator. The angular position of the multi sector dielectric resonator with respect to the longitudinal axis of the microstrip line and length of the additional strip at the open end of the feeding circuit is key parameters for wideband operation of the antenna. By optimizing all parameters of the proposed antenna, wideband impedance bandwidth of 56% (12.1 GHz - 21.65 GHz) is achieved. The average gain of the antenna throughout the bandwidth is 5.9 dB with good radiation properties in both E-plane and H-plane. A well matched simulation and experimental results show that the antenna is suitable for wideband applications

Migrasi dan Keselamatan Insan: Kajian Kes Pemerdagangan Kanak-Kanak di Thailand

: Non-military threats appear to have dominated the world\u27s political agenda, mainly consisting of human trafficking, drug trafficking, foreign migrants smuggling and others. Today, the human trafficking issue has turned into the exploitative form such as commercial sex, especially with regards to victimizing children. This phenomenon has extended to almost every corner in the world. This study is carried out in order to comprehend the development and growth of sex industries exploiting children in Thailand, which pose a threat to Thailand\u27s human security apparatus. Child sex exploitation in Thailand is associated with the presence of organized crime groups, which pose a threat to personal security, community security, and health security within the human security segments, thus threatening human security as a whole. This study has three main objectives, first; to identify the factors that facilitate the sex industry in Thailand, particularly those stemmed within Thailand\u27s communities and the South East Asian region in general. Second, to identify the role of organized crime groups luring children into sex industries which also pose a threat to Thailand\u27s human security. Third, to comprehensively analyse the human security threat in the personal, community and health dimensions, initiated by the booming child sex industries in Thailand. The study employs primary data collection methods such as interviews with Thai people, who once lived in the locations where sexual exploitation of children were held, an interview with the government official who\u27s in charge of the Malaysia-Thailand border surveillance activities, and also the method of observation which is a field work visit to Thailand\u27s sex destination ‘hot spot\u27. Secondary data was collected from a range of selected printed document and research publications such as books, journals and PhD theses. The result shows that organized crime groups are taking advantage of the social and economic pressure among Thai people. As a strategy these groups attract their interest and offer them a benefit, facilitating the growth of the commercial sex industry in Thailand. The phenomenon of Child Sex in Thailand is threatening human security in terms of personal, community and health security. Children are victims of exploitation, sexual violence and infectious diseases such as STI, STD, HIV and AIDS

Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of 1,3,4-Oxadiazole and 1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives of Salicylic Acid and its Synthetic Intermediates

Eight compounds 2–9 have been synthesized starting from salicylic acid, two of them (7 and 9) are novel. The four final products namely: 5-(2-hydroxy phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione 4, 3-(2-hydroxy phenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-thiol 6, 3-(2-hydroxy phenyl)-4-amino-1,2,4-triazole-5-thiol 8 and 3-(2-hydroxy phenyl)-1-amino-1,2,4-triazole-5-thiol 9 have been prepared using known reactions. The structures of intermediates and final products were determined by spectroscopic IR, UV, 1H-NMR & MS-methods in addition to elemental analysis. Antibacterial activities of compounds 1–6 and 8 were investigated in vitro against Escherichia coli,  Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the results are reported herein.KEYWORDS: 1,3,4-Oxadiazole-2-thione; 1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-thiol; 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole-5-thiol; salicylic acid; antibacterial activity

IMPLEMENTATION OF NEURAL - CRYPTOGRAPHIC SYSTEM USING FPGA

Modern cryptography techniques are virtually unbreakable. As the Internet and other forms of electronic communication become more prevalent, electronic security is becoming increasingly important. Cryptography is used to protect e-mail messages, credit card information, and corporate data. The design of the cryptography system is a conventional cryptography that uses one key for encryption and decryption process. The chosen cryptography algorithm is stream cipher algorithm that encrypt one bit at a time. The central problem in the stream-cipher cryptography is the difficulty of generating a long unpredictable sequence of binary signals from short and random key. Pseudo random number generators (PRNG) have been widely used to construct this key sequence. The pseudo random number generator was designed using the Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). The Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) providing the required nonlinearity properties that increases the randomness statistical properties of the pseudo random generator. The learning algorithm of this neural network is backpropagation learning algorithm. The learning process was done by software program in Matlab (software implementation) to get the efficient weights. Then, the learned neural network was implemented using field programmable gate array (FPGA)

Wireless Hybrid Vehicle Three-Phase Motor Diagnosis Using Z-Freq Due to Unbalance Fault

Online diagnostics of three phase motor rotor faults of hybrid vehicle can be identified using a method called machine learning. Unfortunately, there is still a constraint in achieving a high success rate because a huge volume of training data is required. These faults were represented on its frequency content throughout the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm to observe data acquired from multi-signal sensors. At that point, these failure-induced faults studies were improved using an enhanced statistical frequency-based analysis named Z-freq to optimize the study. This analysis is an investigation of the frequency domain of data acquired from the turbine blade after it runs under a specific condition. During the experiment, the faults were simulated by equipment with all those four conditions including normal mode. The failure induced by fault signals from static, coupled and dynamic were measured using high sensitivity, space-saving and a durable piezo-based sensor called a wireless accelerometer. The obtained result and analysis showed a significant pattern in the coefficient value and distribution of Z-freq data scattered for all flaws. Finally, the simulation and experimental output were verified and validated in a series of performance metrics tests using accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for prediction purposes. This outcome has a great prospect to diagnose and monitor hybrid electric motor wirelessly. &nbsp

Wireless Hybrid Vehicle Three-Phase Motor Diagnosis Using Z-Freq Due to Unbalance Fault

Online diagnostics of three phase motor rotor faults of hybrid vehicle can be identified using a method called machine learning. Unfortunately, there is still a constraint in achieving a high success rate because a huge volume of training data is required. These faults were represented on its frequency content throughout the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm to observe data acquired from multi-signal sensors. At that point, these failure-induced faults studies were improved using an enhanced statistical frequency-based analysis named Z-freq to optimize the study. This analysis is an investigation of the frequency domain of data acquired from the turbine blade after it runs under a specific condition. During the experiment, the faults were simulated by equipment with all those four conditions including normal mode. The failure induced by fault signals from static, coupled and dynamic were measured using high sensitivity, space-saving and a durable piezo-based sensor called a wireless accelerometer. The obtained result and analysis showed a significant pattern in the coefficient value and distribution of Z-freq data scattered for all flaws. Finally, the simulation and experimental output were verified and validated in a series of performance metrics tests using accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for prediction purposes. This outcome has a great prospect to diagnose and monitor hybrid electric motor wirelessly. &nbsp

Design Minkowski Shaped Patch Antenna with Rectangular Parasitic Patch Elements for 5.8 GHz Applications

Abstract—This paper presents the parametric study on the Minkowski shaped antenna with the rectangular parasitic patch elements. This patch antenna consists four parts – patch, feed line, ground plane and parasitic elements. The rectangular parasitic patch elements are located at the bottom of the Minkowski shaped patch. The parametric study of different patch sizes (Design 2A, Design 2B, Design 2C, Design 2D and Design 2E) is presented in this paper. The antenna parameters studied in this paper are resonant frequencies, return loss at the resonant frequency, bandwidth and realized gain. The target frequency of this antenna is 5.80 GHz for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) application. It shows the return loss of – 24.477 dB, bandwidth of 254 MHz (5.676 GHz to 5.930 GHz) and a gain of 2.351 dB. Index Terms—Minkowski; patch antenna; gain; return loss; bandwidt

Antioxidant capacity of banana cultivar ‘Nipah’ (Musa acuminate balbisiana) extracted with different solvents

Antioxidant is one of the biological effects from main phenolic components of fruit such as anthocyanins, flavonols, flavones, isoflavones, flavonones, and catechins. Antioxidant test is promoted in the research study of horticulture and food science to find fruit antioxidant capacity. Different solvents and percentages have different polarities that used in extraction will effects yield obtained and resulting antioxidant activities. Antioxidant capacity for banana specifically cultivar 'Nipah' (Musa acuminate balbisiana) were studied for its total phenolic content and DPPH radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). The three solvents that used were isacetone, methanol, ethanol in three different concentrations (50, 70 and 90%). The antioxidant capacity helps to determine early or initial fresh-cut sample of 'Nipah' banana properties. Evaluated using phenolic contents andgallic acid as a standard solution (10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg L-1, r2 = ≥0.900) and 2-2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging assay against control absorbance. Antioxidant capacities of 'Nipah' banana extracts tested varied. Acetone 50% yield 122.9 GAE 100 g-1 (fw) has the highest polyphenol content and is an efficient solvent for extraction. The higher the correlation of the total phenolic content of the fruit, the higher the DPPH values too. High phenol content determines the high antioxidant capacity of the fruit. Hence, once the evaluation of antioxidant capacity for 'Nipah' banana using best solvent is identified, values are added to 'Nipah' banana to be one of the local antioxidant fruits