Oscillatory regularity of charge carrier traps energy spectra in silicon organic polymer poly(di-n-hexylsilane)

Charge carrier traps energy spectra have been investigated in silicon organic polymer poly(di-n-hexylsilane) by fractional thermally stimulated luminescence in the temperature range from 5 to 200 K. The energy spectrum of traps has been found to be discrete in nature, not the quasi-continuous, as it was considered earlier. It has been established that the traps energies form two characteristic series resulting from the vibrational quanta at 373 and 259 cm⁻¹, respectively. It is important that these vibrational quanta coincide with the frequencies of the totally symmetric vibrational modes of silicon chain which are active in Raman spectrum. The regularities mentioned are analyzed using the oscillatory traps model as the basis

IMPROVEMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL SPECIALISTS DURING THE PERIOD OF REFORMING MEDICINE AND PHARMACY IN UKRAINE

The article describes the need to determine the main directions and priorities of the development of the pharmaceutical industry in Ukraine, which is conditioned by real political and socioeconomic processes. The main element here is the introduction and development of a formular system - a complex of management methods for the application of rational, organizational and cost-effective methods of supplying and using drugs to ensure, in specific conditions, high quality medical care and optimal use of available resources.Key words: pharmaceutical industry, pharmacist, pharmacist, higher education

Aggregation, Pretransitional Behavior, And Optical Properties In The Isotropic Phase Of Lyotropic Chromonic Liquid Crystals Studied In High Magnetic Fields

We report results on the high-field magneto-optical response of four aqueous, lyotropic, chromonic liquid crystal formulations in the isotropic phase. Measurements of the field-induced birefringence at temperatures above the isotropic-nematic coexistence region at high magnetic fields reveal qualitative differences in different materials; these differences can be attributed to the nature of aggregation and are discussed within the context of competing aggregation models. Extending these measurements to very high fields and large optical phase differences reveals the presence of an unexpected optical phenomenon: magnetic field-induced circular birefringence, measured in the Voigt geometry, in a system containing no molecularly chiral species. Possible origins of this effect are discussed

Integration of theoretical and clinical disciplines teaching as one of factors of medical knowledge efficacy

The article discusses the problem of medical students theoretical knowledge improvement that will significantly improve their clinical knowledge. The main factors that determine medical students’ positive motivation to study are considered. The authors prove that both theoretical and clinical disciplines teaching integration is possible as a result of complex approach to students teaching that will result in students’ knowledge survival on the higher courses. Leading role belongs to the theoretical departments which workers by writing textbooks and manuals, creating teaching multimedia programmes, using exact control and students' knowledge evaluation will provide the necessary motivational component of students’ further teaching on clinical departments. The integrated approach contributes to future profession single picture formation, motivates students to theoretical and clinical disciplines deep study. The future doctors teaching process reforming at Odessa National Medical University General and Clinical Pathological Physiology Department is given as an example.Authors guesses that new methodical methods of working with students in the practical work introduction, the change in the technology of teaching, the modification of the educational process, the approximation of theoretical knowledge to the patient's bed, the greater students interest in the positive end-goal - a correct diagnosis and cure of the patient - will allow to optimize the educational process and improve the quality of students’ training

To the problems of modeling the brain ischemia in small animals

In the review article the problems of modeling cerebral ischemia in small mammals are consecrated. The advantages of experimental studies that are based on the similarity of the blood circulation of the brain in humans and animals are indicated. Classification of experimental models for the study of acute and chronic disorders of cerebral circulation, mechanisms of their development and preclinical approbation of new drugs is given. The authors indicate that all experimental models of brain ischemia can be divided into two groups: to study risk factors and pathophysiological studies of brain ischemia. And in the second case, the models of focal and global ischemia are described. In conclusion, the authors point out the difficulties and shortcomings of certain methods of ischemia reproduction, which await researchers to solve the above problems

The use of sensory deprivation in patients with long-term consequences of mild combat traumatic brain injury

Актуальність. Черепно-мозкова травма (ЧМТ) та її наслідки нерідко призводять до інвалідизації, прогресування як самих синдромів, що виникають після травми, так і коморбідної патології. Резистентність до терапії диктує пошук нових патогенетичних підходів до лікування даної патології. Особливо скрутна діагностика легких уражень головного мозку, через компенсацію на ранніх етапах низьких станів, ігнорування наявних симптомів з подальшою неадекватністю лікувальних заходів, що призводить до стійких порушень механізмів регуляції та адаптації. Ціль: вивчення впливу сенсорної депривації на динаміку показників вегетативної нервової системи (ВНС), її нейрогормональної ланки та гормону мелатоніну у хворих із наслідками легкої бойової ЧМТ. Матеріали та методи. Обстежено 53 пацієнти з наслідками легкої мінно-вибухової ЧМТ, які лікувалися методом сенсорної депривації у спеціальній флоат-камері. Курс лікування складав 10-12 сеансів по 45-60 хвилин на день. Досліджували неврологічний статус, стан ВНС: вегетативний тонус, реактивність, нейрогормональну ланку (адреналін, норадреналін, мелатонін), мікроциркуляцію у судинах бульбарної кон’юнктиви. Обстеження проводили до і після курсу сенсорної депривації. Результати. У клінічній картині переважала стволова симптоматика, порушення діяльності ВНС, лімбіко-ретикулярного комплексу з гальмуванням рефлекторної сфери, астенізація, порушення циркадних ритмів, порушення емоційно-вольової сфери, наявність гіпоталамо-стовбурових пароксизмів. Висновки. Сенсорна депривація впливає на функціональний стан надсегментарних структур ВНС та на різні показники у хворих із наслідками бойової ЧМТ, тобто сприяє відновленню збалансованості та синхронності у діяльності надсегментарних структур.Relevance. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its consequences often lead to disability, the progression of both the syndromes that arise after trauma and comorbid pathology. Resistance to emerging therapy dictates the search for new pathogenetically grounded, effective approaches to the treatment of this pathology. Particular attention should be paid to the consequences of mild brain lesions, the number of which is increasing, and their diagnosis is difficult, incl. due to compensation in the early stages of low states, ignoring the existing symptoms, followed by inadequacy of therapeutic measures, which leads to persistent violations of the mechanisms of regulation and adaptation. Objective of the study was to study sensory deprivation on the dynamics of indices of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), its neurohormonal link and melatonin hormone in patients with the consequences of mild combat TBI. Materials and methods. We examined 53 patients with the consequences of mild mine-explosive TBI, who were treated with the method of sensory deprivation in a special float chamber. The course of treatment was 10-12 sessions, 45-60 minutes a day. Investigated – neurological status, the state of the ANS: autonomic tone, reactivity, provision of activity, its neurohormonal link (adrenaline, norepinephrine, melatonin), microcirculation in the vessels of the bulbar conjunctiva. A similar examination was carried out after the course of sensory deprivation. Results. The clinical picture was dominated by stem symptoms, impaired activity of the ANS, limbic-reticular complex with inhibition of the reflex sphere, asthenization, disturbances in circadian rhythms, impaired emotional-volitional sphere, the presence of hypothalamic-stem paroxysms. Conclusions. Sensory deprivation has a significant effect on the functional state of the suprasegmental structures of the ANS and other above-mentioned indicators in patients with the consequences of combat TBI, that is, it helps to restore balance and synchronicity in the activity of the suprasegmental structures

Myeloperoxidase/paraoxonase ratio as a prognostic marker for post-COVID syndrome in patients undergoing hemodialysis: A cross-sectional cohort study

The present study aimed to assess the impact of post-COVID syndrome on the oxidative status and activity of paraoxonase 1 (PON-1), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and leukocyte elastase in the blood of patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Methods. In this cross-sectional cohort study, 290 patients undergoing HD were included. The oxidative status was assessed based on the levels of blood malondialdehyde (MDA), ceruloplasmin, thiol compounds (SH-groups), and the serum activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO), paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), and elastase were determined. Results. It was found that HD patients exhibited an elevation in oxidative processes, characterized by increased blood concentrations of MDA, MPO, elastase activity, and a decrease in the levels of SH-groups and arylesterase activity of PON-1. Patients with post-COVID syndrome showed further increases in MPO activity and a decrease in arylesterase activity of PON-1. Additionally, a statistically significant elevation in the MPO/PON-1 ratio was observed in HD patients with post-COVID syndrome compared to the control group and patients examined before the onset of the pandemic (p < 0.0001). The MPO/PON-1 ratio exhibited a direct correlation with serum MDA levels (p < 0.0001) and inversely correlated with the concentration of ceruloplasmin (p = 0.0008). The MPO/PON-1 value surpassing 9.06 units was identified as a predictive marker for PCS, demonstrating a specificity of 68.4% and a sensitivity of 88.5%. Conclusions. Our study highlights a significant impact of post-COVID syndrome on oxidative processes in HD patients, as evidenced by elevated MDA levels and MPO activity, along with reduced levels of antioxidants and arylesterase activity of PON-1. The MPO/PON-1 ratio emerges as a promising predictive marker for post-COVID syndrome, underlining its potential clinical relevance in identifying at-risk patients