Utjecaj trajanja in vitro sazrijevanja i inkubacije s aktivirajućim čimbenikom na kapacitet izlijeganja goveđih partenota - kratko priopćenje

The period of both in vitro maturation (IVM) and incubation with oocyte activators affects the blastocyst yield following parthenogenetic activation (PA). Nevertheless, it is still unknown how these conditions impact the expansion and hatching rates of bovine parthenogenetic blastocysts. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of the duration of IVM and exposure to the activating agent, 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP), on a number of developmental parameters in bovine parthenotes, including: Cleavage, blastocyst formation, expansion, and hatching. Slaughterhouse oocytes were subjected to different periods of IVM. Subsequently, eggs were first parthenogenetically activated for five minutes with ionomycin and then incubated for distinct lengths of time with a second activator, 6-DMAP. The treatments were: a) Control: 22 h IVM/4 h 6-DMAP; b) 22 h IVM/5 h 6-DMAP; c) 24 h IVM/4 h 6-DMAP; and d) 24 h IVM/5 h 6-DMAP. Developmental stages were evaluated at day 4 and day 8 of in vitro culture (IVC). No differences were detected in most developmental parameters. However, the duration of IVM and incubation with 6-DMAP significantly affected (P<0.05) hatching capacity considering the number of blastocysts (Hatch./Blast.). Also, this same variable was higher (P<0.05) in group b) 22 h IVM/5 h 6-DMAP (45.89 ± 12.59%), as compared to c) 24 h IVM/4 h 6-DMAP (6.67 ± 6.67%). In conclusion, the length of IVM and incubation with 6-DMAP influenced parthenogenetic development, where 22 h IVM/5 h 6-DMAP was the condition producing the highest Hatch./Blast. rate in bovine parthenotes.Vrijeme in vitro sazrijevanja (IVM) i vrijeme inkubacije s aktivatorima oocista utječu na stvaranje blastocista nakon partenogenetske aktivacije (PA). Ipak, još uvijek se ne zna kako navedeno utječe na ekspanziju i stopu izlijeganja goveđih partenogenetskih blastocista. Cilj rada bio je istražiti utjecaj trajanja IVM i izloženosti aktivirajućem čimbeniku 6-dimethylaminopurinu (6-DMAP) na više razvojnih parametara u goveđih partenota, uključujući diobu, formiranje blastociste, ekspanziju i izlijeganje. Oocite prikupljene u klaonicama bile su podvrgnute različitom trajanju IVM. Nakon toga jajašca su prvo partenogenetski aktivirana s ionomicinom kroz 5 minuta i nakon toga inkubirana tijekom određenih vremenskih razdoblja sa drugim aktivatorom, 6-DMAP. Protokoli po istraženim skupinama bili su sljedeći: a) kontrolna skupina 22 h IVM/4 h 6-DMAP, b) skupina 22 h IVM/5 h 6-DMAP, c) skupina 24 h IVM/4 h 6-DMAP i d) skupina 24 h IVM/5 h 6-DMAP. Razvojni stadiji in vitro kulture (IVC) procijenjivani su 4. i 8. dan. Za većinu razvojnih parametara nisu utvrđene razlike između istraženih skupina. Ipak, trajanja IVM i inkubacije sa 6-DMAP znakovito su utjecali (P<0,05) na kapacitet izlijeganja kad se u obzir uzme broj blastocista (izlijeganja/ blasociste). Također, isti pokazatelji bili su viši (P<0,05) u skupini b) 22 h IVM/5 h 6-DMAP (45,89 ± 12,59 %) u odnosu na skupinu c) 24 h IVM/4 h 6-DMAP (6,67 ± 6,67 %). Zaključno, trajanje IVM i inkubacije sa 6-DMAP utjecali su na partenogenetski razvoj, pri čemu je 22 h IVM/5 h 6-DMAP kombinacija koja u goveđih partenota proizvodi najvišu stopu za pokazetelj izlijeganje/blasociste

Production of chlorella vulgaris biomass on uv-treated wastewater as an alternative for environmental sustainability on high-mountain fisheries

The sustained expansion of agricultural industry in Colombian high-mountain has led to an increased size of residues, especially untreated wastewater. This untreated water is an urgent matter for public and environmental health, not only by its nutrient concentration (composed especially of food residuals and feces) but also the presence of pathogens (virus, bacteria, etc.) which are discharged to the environment. The overall objective of this work is to evaluate the effect of UV-treated wastewater from a high-mountain fishery as culture media for the production of Chlorella vulgaris as a sustainable method for nutrient and water recirculation on the fishery production system. The UV-canal efficiency was evaluated by the implementation of an experimental factorial design (time, distance of the UV-lamps towards the canal, number of UV-lamps and the sample concentration) using STATISTICA 7.0 software. Results shown that time (3 to 5 minutes) and the number of lamps (3-4) of 15 Watts eliminate completely coliforms from the samples. After UV-treatment the resulting water was test as culture media for C. vulgaris production by the adjustment of C/N ratio (Sodium Carbonate/potassium nitrate) by the implementation of an experimental 23 factorial design. Results shown that higher nitrate concentrations (&gt;0,22 g/L) and moderate carbonate concentrations (1 g/L) increase the final biomass concentration up to 4g/L in 20 days

No signs of inbreeding despite long-term isolation and habitat fragmentation in the critically endangered Montseny brook newt (Calotriton arnoldi)

Endemic species with restricted geographic ranges potentially suffer the highest risk of extinction. If these species are further fragmented into genetically isolated subpopulations, the risk of extinction is elevated. Habitat fragmentation is generally considered to have negative effects on species survival, despite some evidence for neutral or even positive effects. Typically, non-negative effects are ignored by conservation biology. The Montseny brook newt (Calotriton arnoldi) has one of the smallest distribution ranges of any European amphibian (8 km2) and is considered critically endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Here we apply molecular markers to analyze its population structure and find that habitat fragmentation owing to a natural barrier has resulted in strong genetic division of populations into two sectors, with no detectable migration between sites. Although effective population size estimates suggest low values for all populations, we found low levels of inbreeding and relatedness between individuals within populations. Moreover, C. arnoldi displays similar levels of genetic diversity to its sister species Calotriton asper, from which it separated around 1.5 million years ago and which has a much larger distribution range. Our extensive study shows that natural habitat fragmentation does not result in negative genetic effects, such as the loss of genetic diversity and inbreeding on an evolutionary timescale. We hypothesize that species in such conditions may evolve strategies (for example, special mating preferences) to mitigate the effects of small population sizes. However, it should be stressed that the influence of natural habitat fragmentation on an evolutionary timescale should not be conflated with anthropogenic habitat loss or degradation when considering conservation strategies

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of natural products

Ultrasound-assisted extraction (USAE) is an interesting process to obtain high valuable compounds and could contribute to the increase in the value of some food by-products when used as sources of natural compounds. The main benefits will be a more effective extraction, thus saving energy, and also the use of moderate temperatures, which is beneficial for heat-sensitive compounds. For a successful application of the USAE, it is necessary to consider the influence of several process variables, the main ones being the applied ultrasonic power, the frequency, the extraction temperature, the reactor characteristics, and the solvent-sample interaction. The highest extraction rate is usually achieved in the first few minutes, which is the most profitable period. To optimize the process, rate equations and unambiguous process characterization are needed, aspects that have often been lacking. © 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.The authors thank the Generalitat Valenciana for their financial support in project PROMETEO/2010/062 and the Caja de Ahorros del Mediterraneo for M.D. Esclapez's pre-doctoral grant.Esclapez Vicente, MD.; García Pérez, JV.; Mulet Pons, A.; Cárcel Carrión, JA.; Esclapez, MD. (2011). Ultrasound-assisted extraction of natural products. Food Engineering Reviews. 3(2):108-120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12393-011-9036-6S10812032Abad Romero B, Bou-Maroun E, Reparet JM, Blanquet J, Cayot N (2010) Impact of lipid extraction on the dearomatisation of an Eisenia foetida protein powder. Food Chem 119:459–466Adewuyi YG (2001) Sonochemistry: environmental science and engineering applications. Ind Eng Chem Res 40:4681–4715Atchley AA, Crum LA (1988) Acoustic cavitation and bubble dynamics. 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Ultrason Sonochem 8:11–15Sáez V, Frias-Ferrer A, Iniesta J, Gonzalez-Garcıa J, Aldaz A, Riera E (2005) Chacterization of a 20 kHz sonoreactor. Part I: analysis of mechanical effects by classical and numerical methods. Ultrason Sonochem 12:59–65Sáez V, Frias-Ferrer A, Iniesta J, Gonzalez-Garcıa J, Aldaz A, Riera E (2005) Characterization of a 20 kHz sonoreactor. Part II: analysis of chemical effects by classical and electrochemical methods. Ultrason Sonochem 12:67–72Sahena F, Zaidul ISM, Jinap S, Karim AA, Abbas KA, Norulaini NAN, Omar AKM (2009) Application of supercritical CO2 in lipid extraction–A review. J Food Eng 95:240–253Science Direct Database (2011) www.sciencedirect.com (Data of consulting: February 2011)Soria AC, Villamiel M (2010) Effect of ultrasound on the technological properties and bioactivity of food: a review. Trends Food Sci Technol 21:323–331Starmans DAJ, Nijhuis HH (1996) Extraction of secondary metabolites from plant material: a review. 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Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

Background Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide.Methods A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study-a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital.Findings Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.85 [95% CI 2.58-5.75]; p&lt;0.0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63.0% vs 82.7%; OR 0.35 [0.23-0.53]; p&lt;0.0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer.Interpretation Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised

Estudios genéticos en enfermedad de Alzheimer :análisis de genes de susceptibilidad en una muestra de pacientes colombianos

IP 1101-04-10161disease / Gonzalo H. Arboleda, Juan J. Yunis, Rodrigo Pardo, Claudia M. Gomez, Daniel Hedmont, Gabriel Arango,;de Alzheimer asociado con Apoe, Alfa-2 macroglobulina y enzimaconvertidora de angiotensina en una muestra de;pacientes colombianos / Humberto Arboleda, Gonzalo H. Arboleda,Juan J. Yunis, Rodrigo Pardo, Claudia M.;Gomez, Eugenia Solano, Carolina Restrepo, Daniel Hedmont,Gabriel Arango,Milena Orozco, dalila Camelo,;Juanita Benavides. -- En: Congreso nacional de neurologia(5 :2001 Oct. 18-20 Cartagena).;Cartagena).;ARTICULO(S) EN REVISTA: Apolipoprotein E genotyping in a sampleof Colombian patients with Alzheimer's;Humberto Arboleda. -- En: Neuroscience Letters. -- No. 305(201); p. 135-138. -- PONENCIA(S) EN CONGRESO:;Utilidad de electroencefalograma cuantitativo (QEEG) en eldiagnostico diferencial de la demencia organica /;Arango Gabriel, Hedmont Daniel, Pradere Alba, Pardo Rodrigo. --En: Congreso nacional de neurologia (5 : 2001;Oct. 18-20 Cartagena). -- Percepcion, actitudes y practicas paracuidadosde pacientes con demencia / Orozco;Milena, Arango Gabriel, Pardo Rodrigo. -- En: Congreso nacionalde neurologia (5 : 2001 Oct. 18-20;Cartagena). -- Valoracion Funcional en pacientes con demencia/Milena Orozco, Gabriel Arango, Eugenio Solano,;Rodrigo Pardo. -- En: Congreso nacional de neurologia (5 :2001Oct. 18-20Cartagena). -- Riesgo de enfermeda

Expression of WNT genes in cervical cancer-derived cells: Implication of WNT7A in cell proliferation and migration.

According to the multifactorial model of cervical cancer (CC) causation, it is now recognized that other modifications, in addition to Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, are necessary for the development of this neoplasia. Among these, it has been proposed that a dysregulation of the WNT pathway might favor malignant progression of HPV-immortalized keratinocytes. The aim of this study was to identify components of the WNT pathway differentially expressed in CC vs. non-tumorigenic, but immortalized human keratinocytes. Interestingly, WNT7A expression was found strongly downregulated in cell lines and biopsies derived from CC. Restoration of WNT7A in CC-derived cell lines using a lentiviral gene delivery system or after adding a recombinant human protein decreases cell proliferation. Likewise, WNT7A silencing in non-tumorigenic cells markedly accelerates proliferation. Decreased WNT7A expression was due to hypermethylation at particular CpG sites. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting reduced WNT7A levels in CC-derived cells and that ectopic WNT7A restoration negatively affects cell proliferation and migration. Copyright ?� 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Whole-exome sequencing in three children with sporadic Blau syndrome, one of them co-presenting with recurrent polyserositis

Blau syndrome (BS) is a rare, chronic autoinflammatory disease with onset before age 4 and mainly characterised by granulomatous arthritis, recurrent uveitis, and skin rash. Sporadic (also known as early-onset sarcoidosis) or familial BS is caused by gain-of-function mutations in the NOD2 gene, which encodes for a multi-task protein that plays a crucial role in the innate immune defense. We report on three Mexican patients clinically diagnosed with BS who exhibited a likely pathogenic variant in NOD2 as revealed by whole-exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing: two variants (c.1000 C > T/p.Arg334Trp and c.1538 T > C/p.Met513Thr) lie in the ATP/Mg2+ binding site, whereas the other (c.3019dupC/p.Leu1007ProfsTer2) introduces a premature stop codon disrupting the last LRR domain (LRR9) formation; all three variants are consistent with gain-of-function changes. Interestingly, all these patients presented concomitant likely pathogenic variants in other inflammatory disease-related genes, i.e. TLR10, PRR12, MEFV and/or SLC22A5. Although the clinical presentation in these patients included the BS diagnostic triad, overall it was rather heterogeneous. It is plausible that this clinical variability depends partly on the patients’ genetic background as suggested by our WES results. After this molecular diagnosis and given the absence of NOD2 mutations (demonstrated in two trios) and related symptoms in the respective parents (confirmed in all trios), patients 1 and 2 were considered to have sporadic BS, while patient 3, a sporadic BS-recurrent polyserositis compound phenotype. Altogether, our observations and findings underscore the overlapping among inflammatory diseases and the importance of determining the underlying genetic cause by high-throughput methods. Likewise, this study further reinforces a pathogenic link between the here found NOD2 variants and BS and envisages potential additive effects from other loci in these, and probably other patients

Adiposity percentage relationship with hormone receptors immunoreactive score in breast cancer Mexican women [Porcentaje de adiposidad y su relación con el índice de inmunorreactividad de los receptores hormonales en mujeres Mexicanas con cáncer de mama]

Introduction: Adipose tissue is an important estrogen resource and they are involved in breast cancer development. Objective: To establish the relationship between adiposity percentage and the estrogen and progesterone receptors immunoreactive score in Mexican women with breast cancer. Methods: This is a transversal and analytical study. We identified breast cancer women with cancer histologic diagnosis. We calculated: adiposity percentage and immunoreactive score. We performed correlation analysis between adiposity percentage, body mass index, diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension, with estrogen and progesterone receptors in breast cancer samples. We perform logistic regression and Odds Ratio estimations. Results: We studied 43 patients with breast cancer and we observed association between adiposity percentage and estrogen and progesterone immnunoreactive score (rP 0.470; p 0.003 and rP 0.328; p 0.042, respectively). The most important risk factor in breast cancer positive to estrogen receptors was obesity (OR 19.1, IC95% 2.1 a 169.1, p 0.008), and previous obesity in breast cancer positive to progesterone receptors (OR 20.7, IC95% 2.3 a 185.9, p 0.007). Discussion: Adiposity percentage is an important risk factor to develop breast cancer positive to hormone receptors related with the risk of breast cancer positive to hormonal receptors