86 research outputs found
Peningkatan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis melalui Penggunaan Media Kantong Bergambar pada Materi Perkalian Bilangan di Kelas II Sekolah Dasar
Penelitian ini di latar belakangi oleh rendahnya pemahaman konsep matematis siswa yang disebabkan karena proses pembelajaran yang belum mengoptimalkan penggunaan media dalam memahami konsep materi pembelajaran serta belum memberikan kesempatan siswa dalam berpartisipasi aktif dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas II SDN Simpeureum I sebanyak 30 siswa terdiri dari 14 siswa laki-laki dan 16 siswa perempuan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa tes dan nontes. Tes terdiri dari butir soal dan nontes terdiri dari observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif untuk menganalisis hasil observasi setiap siklus dan analisis deskriftif kuantitatif untuk menganalisis hasil penilaian pemahaman konsep matematis akhir siswa setiap siklus. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam tiga siklus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media kantong bergambar dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa kelas II SDN Simpeureum I. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan adanya peningkatan ketuntasan belajar siswa dari siklus pertama sampai siklus ketiga. Pada siklus pertama tingkat ketuntasan siswa mencapai 40%, siklus kedua meningkat menjadi 66,67% dan pada siklus ketiga meningkat menjadi 80%. Kriteria ketuntasan dalam penelitian ini adalah 75% sehingga dapat disimpulkan penggunaan media kantong bergambar dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa kelas II SDN Simpeureum I
Global fire activity patterns (1996-2006) and climatic influence: an analysis using World Fire Atlas
Vegetation fires have been acknowledged as an environmental
process of global scale, which affects the chemical
composition of the troposphere, and has profound ecological
and climatic impacts. However, considerable uncertainty
remains, especially concerning intra and inter-annual
variability of fire incidence. The main goals of our globalscale
study were to characterise spatial-temporal patterns of
fire activity, to identify broad geographical areas with similar
vegetation fire dynamics, and to analyse the relationship
between fire activity and the El NiËśno-Southern Oscillation.
This study relies on 10 years (mid 1996–mid
2006) of screened European Space Agency World Fire Atlas
(WFA) data, obtained from Along Track Scanning Radiometer
(ATSR) and Advanced ATSR (AATSR) imagery.
Empirical Orthogonal Function analysis was used to reduce
the dimensionality of the dataset. Regions of homogeneous
fire dynamics were identified with cluster analysis, and interpreted
based on their eco-climatic characteristics. The
impact of 1997–1998 El Ni˜no is clearly dominant over the
study period, causing increased fire activity in a variety of
regions and ecosystems, with variable timing. Overall, this
study provides the first global decadal assessment of spatialtemporal
fire variability and confirms the usefulness of the
screened WFA for global fire ecoclimatology researc
Uncertainty characterization & validation within ESA Fire-CCI
Uncertainty characterisation and validation are critical
phases to generate any Essential Climate Variable (ECV),
and therefore both have been included as key deliverables of
the ESA CCI programme [1]. All products generated by the
CCI are required to have an associated per pixel uncertainty
characterisation. This paper describes both the uncertainty
characterisation framework and the related uncertainty validation
exercise of the Fire-CCI projectinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
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Relationships between Human Population Density and Burned Area at Continental and Global Scales
We explore the large spatial variation in the relationship between population density and burned area, using continental-scale Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) based on 13 years of satellite-derived burned area maps from the global fire emissions database (GFED) and the human population density from the gridded population of the world (GPW 2005). Significant relationships are observed over 51.5% of the global land area, and the area affected varies from continent to continent: population density has a significant impact on fire over most of Asia and Africa but is important in explaining fire over < 22% of Europe and Australia. Increasing population density is associated with both increased and decreased in fire. The nature of the relationship depends on land-use: increasing population density is associated with increased burned are in rangelands but with decreased burned area in croplands. Overall, the relationship between population density and burned area is non-monotonic: burned area initially increases with population density and then decreases when population density exceeds a threshold. These thresholds vary regionally. Our study contributes to improved understanding of how human activities relate to burned area, and should contribute to a better estimate of atmospheric emissions from biomass burning
Uncertainty Characterisation & Validation within ESA Fire-CCI
Uncertainty characterisation and validation are critical phases to generate any Essential Climate Variable (ECV), and therefore both have been included as key deliverables of the ESA CCI programme [1]. All products generated by the CCI are required to have an associated per pixel uncertainty characterisation. This paper describes both the uncertainty characterisation framework and the related uncertainty validation exercise of the Fire-CCI project
The cognitive-affective-conative model of destination image: a confirmatory analysis
Destination image influences tourist behaviour before, during and after travel, as it is an important instrument which contributes to tourists’ loyalty. Although Gartner (1993) advocates that the cognitive, affective and conative dimensions of destination image are hierarchically interrelated, there is no empirical evidence to support the complete model. This study aims to test the hierarchical nature of the relationship between the dimensions of destination image. The results of structural equation modelling confirm Gartner’s theoretical model, validating the theory that the influence of the cognitive component on the conative dimension is higher when mediated by the affective component, raising managerial implications
Religious affiliation modulates weekly cycles of cropland burning in Sub-Saharan Africa
Research ArticleVegetation burning is a common land management practice in Africa, where fire is used
for hunting, livestock husbandry, pest control, food gathering, cropland fertilization, and
wildfire prevention. Given such strong anthropogenic control of fire, we tested the hypotheses
that fire activity displays weekly cycles, and that the week day with the fewest fires
depends on regionally predominant religious affiliation.We also analyzed the effect of land
use (anthrome) on weekly fire cycle significance. Fire density (fire counts.km-2) observed
per week day in each region was modeled using a negative binomial regression model, with
fire counts as response variable, region area as offset and a structured random effect to
account for spatial dependence. Anthrome (settled, cropland, natural, rangeland), religion
(Christian, Muslim, mixed) week day, and their 2-way and 3-way interactions were used as
independent variables. Models were also built separately for each anthrome, relating
regional fire density with week day and religious affiliation. Analysis revealed a significant
interaction between religion and week day, i.e. regions with different religious affiliation
(Christian, Muslim) display distinct weekly cycles of burning. However, the religion vs. week
day interaction only is significant for croplands, i.e. fire activity in African croplands is significantly
lower on Sunday in Christian regions and on Friday in Muslim regions. Magnitude of
fire activity does not differ significantly among week days in rangelands and in natural
areas, where fire use is under less strict control than in croplands. These findings can contribute
towards improved specification of ignition patterns in regional/global vegetation fire
models, and may lead to more accurate meteorological and chemical weather forecastinginfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Anthromes dispaying evidence of weekly cycles in active fire data cover 70% of the global land surface
Across the globe, human activities have been gaining importance relatively to climate and ecology as
the main controls on fire regimes and consequently human activity became an important driver of the
frequency, extent and intensity of vegetation burning worldwide. Our objective in the present study
is to look for weekly cycles in vegetation fire activity at global scale as evidence of human agency,
relying on the original MODIS active fire detections at 1 km spatial resolution (MCD14ML) and using
novel statistical methodologies to detect significant periodicities in time series data. We tested the
hypotheses that global fire activity displays weekly cycles and that the weekday with the fewest fires
is Sunday. We also assessed the effect of land use and land cover on weekly fire cycle significance
by testing those hypotheses separately for the Villages, Settlements, Croplands, Rangelands,
Seminatural, and Wildlands anthromes. Based on a preliminary data analysis of the daily global active
fire counts periodogram, we developed an harmonic regression model for the mean function of daily
fire activity and assumed a linear model for the de-seasonalized time series. For inference purposes,
we used a Bayesian methodology and constructed a simultaneous 95% credible band for the mean
function. The hypothesis of a Sunday weekly minimum was directly investigated by computing the
probabilities that the mean functions of every weekday (Monday to Saturday) are inside the credible
band corresponding to mean Sunday fire activity. Since these probabilities are small, there is statistical
evidence of significantly fewer fires on Sunday than on the other days of the week. Cropland, rangeland,
and seminatural anthromes, which cover 70% of the global land area and account for 94% of the active
fires analysed, display weekly cycles in fire activity. Due to lower land management intensity and less
strict control over fire size and duration, weekly cycles in Rangelands and Seminatural anthromes,
which jointly account for 53.46% of all fires, although statistically significant are weaker than those
detected in Croplandsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
The behaviour of repeat visitors to museums: Review and empirical findings
This study presents a theoretical and operational framework for analysing repeat visit to museums. Starting from the literature on repeat visit in tourism, the specificities of these cultural attractions are made explicit through a review of theoretical and applied works. Consistently with previous contributors, the paper suggests that the analysis of actual past behaviours has to be preferred to the one of attitudes. The application of proper econometric models is also remarked in order to put into account individual profiles. Information coming from three techniques is then used in an integrated way in order to provide a more comprehensive view of the phenomenon. Evidence from an ad hoc survey suggests the necessity to give a greater attention to perceived cultural value during the visit, promoting cultural events during the week and addressed to children, and taking care of those visitors that come from far places also through an integrated tourist supply. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
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