Plasma waves in a relativistic, strongly anisotropic plasma propagated along a strong magnetic field

The dispersion properties of plasma waves in a relativistic homogeneous plasma propagated along a strong magnetic field are studied. It is shown that the non-damping plasma waves exist in the frequency range omega sub p or = omega or = omega sub L. The values of omega sub p and omega sub L are calculated for an arbitrary homogeneous relativistic function of the particle distribution. In the case of a power ultrarelativistic distribution, it is shown that, if the ultrarelativistic tail of the distribution drops very rapidly, slightly damping plasma waves are possible with the phase velocity (omega/K)c

Generation of zonal flows by Rossby waves in the atmosphere

International audienceA novel mechanism for the short-scale Rossby waves interacting with long-scale zonal flows in the Earth's atmosphere is studied. The model is based on the parametric excitation of convective cells by finite amplitude Rossby waves. We use a set of coupled equations describing the nonlinear interaction of Rossby waves and zonal flows which admits the excitation of zonal flows. The generation of such flows is due to the Reynolds stresses of the finite amplitude Rossby waves. It is found that the wave vector of the fastest growing mode is perpendicular to that of the pump Rossby wave. We calculate the maximum instability growth rate and deduce the optimal spatial dimensions of the zonal flows as well as their azimuthal propagation speed. A comparison with previous results is made. The present theory can be used for the interpretation of existing observations of Rossby type waves in the Earth's atmosphere

Tornado model for a magnetised plasma

A new analytical model of axially-symmetric magnetic vortices with both a twisted fluid flow and a magnetic field is proposed. The exact solution for the three-dimensional structure of the fluid velocity and the magnetic field is obtained within the framework of the ideal magnetohydrodynamic equations for an incompressible fluid in a gravitational field. A quasi-stationary localised vortex arises when the radial flow that tends to concentrate vorticity in a narrow column around the axis of symmetry is balanced by the vertical vortex advection in the axial direction. The explicit expressions for the velocity and magnetic field components are obtained. The proposed analytic model may be used to parameterise the observed solar tornadoes and can provide a new indirect way for estimating magnetic twist from the observed azimuthal velocity profiles

Dust devils: structural features, dynamics and climate impact

According to modern concepts, the main natural sources of dust in the atmosphere are dust storms and associated dust devils—rotating columns of rising dust. The impact of dust and aerosols on climate change in the past, present and future is one of the poorly understood and, at the same time, one of the fundamental elements needed for weather and climate forecasting. The purpose of this review is to describe and summarise the results of the study of dust devils in the Earth’s atmosphere. Special attention is given to the description of the 3D structures, the external flows and atmospheric gradients of temperature that lead to the generation and maintenance of the dust devils

Generation of localised vertical streams in unstable stratified atmosphere

A new model of axially symmetric concentrated vortex generation was developed herein. In this work, the solution of a nonlinear equation for internal gravity waves in an unstable stratified atmosphere was obtained and analysed in the framework of ideal hydrodynamics. The related expressions for the velocities in the inner and outer regions of the vortex were described by Bessel functions and modified zeroth-order Bessel functions. The proposed new nonlinear analytical model allows the study of the structure and dynamics of vortices in the radial region. The formation of jets (i.e., structures elongated in the vertical direction with finite components of the poloidal (radial and vertical) velocities that grow exponentially in time in an unstable stratified atmosphere) was also analysed. The characteristic growth time was determined by the inverse growth rate of instability. It is shown that a seed vertical vorticity component may be responsible for the formation of vortices with a finite azimuthal velocity

Fast processing of data from Sneg-2MP experiment

The following subjects are covered: Basic stages during computer processing of data from Sneg-2MP instrument, basic modes during separation and fast processing (separation of data during satellite flight, separation of burst data segments, sampling and analysis of initial burst data segment). Experimental results obtained on the basis of fast processed data are reported

Prophylaxis of Acute Enteric Infections and Viral Hepatitis A under Emergency Situation in the Territory of the Amur Region

Hydrological natural disasters and post-flooding epidemiological situation are often attended by epidemic emergencies creating a threat to life-comforts sustaining and sanitary-epidemiologic welfare of a significant number of citizens. To evaluate the efficiency of preventive and anti-epidemic measures the analysis of acute enteric infection incidence rate in the Amur Region for the past decade, during the high water and in the post-flooding period in 2013 has been carried out. Displayed are the data concerning the prophylaxis of acute enteric infections and viral hepatitis A under the conditions of the emergency situation caused by natural calamities notably by flood in the Amur Region. Adequate planning and operative implementation of organizational, preventive and anti-epidemic measures have made it possible to control acute enteric and viral hepatitis A infection at the sporadic level

The stationary concentrated vortex model

A new model of an axially-symmetric stationary concentrated vortex for an inviscid incompressible flow is presented as an exact solution of the Euler equations. In this new model, the vortex is exponentially localised, not only in the radial direction, but also in height. This new model of stationary concentrated vortex arises when the radial flow, which concentrates vorticity in a narrow column around the axis of symmetry, is balanced by vortex advection along the symmetry axis. Unlike previous models, vortex velocity, vorticity and pressure are characterised not only by a characteristic vortex radius, but also by a characteristic vortex height. The vortex structure in the radial direction has two distinct regions defined by the internal and external parts: in the inner part the vortex flow is directed upward, and in the outer part it is downward. The vortex structure in the vertical direction can be divided into the bottom and top regions. At the bottom of the vortex the flow is centripetal and at the top it is centrifugal. Furthermore, at the top of the vortex the previously ascending fluid starts to descend. It is shown that this new model of a vortex is in good agreement with the results of field observations of dust vortices in the Earth’s atmosphere

Langmuir wave linear evolution in inhomogeneous nonstationary anisotropic plasma

Equations describing the linear evolution of a non-dissipative Langmuir wave in inhomogeneous nonstationary anisotropic plasma without magnetic field are derived in the geometrical optics approximation. A continuity equation is obtained for the wave action density, and the conditions for the action conservation are formulated. In homogeneous plasma, the wave field E universally scales with the electron density N as E ~ N^{3/4}, whereas the wavevector evolution varies depending on the wave geometry

ПРО МЕТОДИ ПСИХОЛОГІЇ ТА ПЕДАГОГІКИ ПРИ ПІСЛЯДИПЛОМНІЙ ПІДГОТОВЦІ МАЙБУТНІХ ЛІКАРІВ

The aim of the work – to give a brief historical description of the evolution of pedagogical and psychological knowledge and to assess the role of critical thinking in pedagogy in the context of the postgraduate training of future physicians.The main body. The history of pedagogy and psychological knowledge has a staged nature. Pedagogy developed as a comprehensive science that covered the results of various scientific disciplines. By the 90s the most modern systems of pedagogical education has been formed in Ukraine. This system provided not only with special knowledge, but it also educated a person in a broad sense.A teacher is a very important component in training doctors. Internship kept freedom in the development of pedagogical technology. The differential training, learning through play and the method of critical thinking are considered to be the most effective technologies in the training of future physicians. The main point of learning is an independent cognitive activity aimed at the search, processing, and mastering of educational information. The most important technological method is to teach how to develop a critical thinking. The purpose – to provide the development of critical thinking through the interactive inclusion of students in the learning process.Conclusions. When choosing a system of education, it is important to preserve the scientific and historical roots. Careful attitude to the success of the Ukrainian schools of pedagogy and psychology is the key to preserving scientific thought and competitiveness. Individual approach and critical thinking are the best pedagogical technologies for teaching a modern physician.Мета роботи – дати коротку історичну характеристику еволюції педагогічного і психологічного пізнання й оцінити роль критичного мислення в педагогіці при післядипломній підготовці майбутніх лікарів.Основна частина. Історія педагогіки й психологічного пізнання мала стадійний характер. Педагогіка розвивалася як комплексна наука, яка охоплювала результати різних наукових дисциплін. До 90-х років в Україні сформувалася найбільш сучасна та одна з найкращих систем педагогічної освіти. Ця система дозволила давати не лише спеціальні знання, але й виховувала широко освічену людину. Роль наставника, вчителя при підготовці лікаря є дуже важливою складовою. Інтернатура залишилася вільною у виборі педагогічної технології. До найбільш ефективних технологій у підготовці майбутніх лікарів можна віднести диференційне, ігрове навчання та метод критичного мислення. Сутність навчання – це самостійна пізнавальна діяльність, що спрямована на пошук, обробку, засвоєння навчальної інформації. І, врешті-решт, найголовніший технологічний метод – навчання розвитку критичного мислення. Ціллю даного методу є забезпечити розвиток критичного мислення через інтерактивне включення студентів у навчальний процес. Висновки. На наш погляд, при виборі системи освіти важливим є збереження наукових та історичних коренів. Дбайливе ставлення до успіхів власних шкіл педагогіки та психології – запорука збереження наукової думки та конкурентності. Індивідуальний підхід та критичне мислення – це оптимальні педагогічні технології для становлення сучасного лікаря