168 research outputs found
Wolf, Art History HIP Grant Presentation, Gender and the Gaze: Transregional Perspectives Museum Workshop
This presentation shares scenes from a unique art history workshop, entitled âGender & the Gaze: Transregional Perspectivesâ organized by UTC Assistant Professor of Art History, Dr. Olivia Wolf, at the Hunter Museum in October 2019. The workshop focused on issues of gender subjectivity in contemporary art from a global perspective, and was designed to engage students in Wolf\u27s upper division Islamic Art and Architecture: Calligraphy to Contemporary Visual Culture course. It involved dialogues led by local and international experts in the field, including the Hunterâs own Chief Curator Nandini Makrandi and Curator of Education Adera Causey, as well as Argentina-based scholar Dr. Georgina Gluzman, whose research focuses on gender issues in Latin American art by modern and contemporary women artists. The workshop began with the opportunity for students to directly observe critically acclaimed Moroccan diasporic artist, Lalla Essaydi\u27s piece, âLes Femmes du Maroc: La Grande Odalisque,â which pertains to the museumâs collection. The observation, led by Makrandi, involved a lively discussion on issues of power, gender, and the gaze at play in this work. This was followed by a comparative consideration of the work of Latin American women artists led by Dr. Gluzman, as well as North American artists, such as Lorna Simpson and Sally Mann, led by Adera Causey. The workshop concluded by allowing students to find their own parallels on imagery that engaged gender and the gaze from the broader collection. Funding for this event was made possible thanks to a UTC Walker Center for Teaching and Learning HIP grant
Marking Time, Marking Movement: Mexico City\u27s Ottoman Clock Tower as a Transnational Expression of Immigrant Identity
Archaerhodopsin Selectively and Reversibly Silences Synaptic Transmission through Altered pH.
Tools that allow acute and selective silencing of synaptic transmission in vivo would be invaluable for understanding the synaptic basis of specific behaviors. Here, we show that presynaptic expression of the proton pump archaerhodopsin enables robust, selective, and reversible optogenetic synaptic silencing with rapid onset and offset. Two-photon fluorescence imaging revealed that this effect is accompanied by a transient increase in pH restricted to archaerhodopsin-expressing boutons. Crucially, clamping intracellular pH abolished synaptic silencing without affecting the archaerhodopsin-mediated hyperpolarizing current, indicating that changes in pH mediate the synaptic silencing effect. To verify the utility of this technique, we used trial-limited, archaerhodopsin-mediated silencing to uncover a requirement for CA3-CA1 synapses whose afferents originate from the left CA3, but not those from the right CA3, for performance on a long-term memory task. These results highlight optogenetic, pH-mediated silencing of synaptic transmission as a spatiotemporally selective approach to dissecting synaptic function in behaving animals.Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from Elsevier(Cell Press) via http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2016.07.05
Investigating Provenance and Post-colonial Perspectives in the George and Louise Patten Collection of Salem Hyde Cultural Artifacts
Chelsey Paige has worked with the UTC Special Collections department to lead an exhibit with Pre-columbian artifacts investigating provenance and material culture within the George and Louise Patten Collection of Salem Hyde Cultural Artifacts. With additional help from UTC student Mallory Crook a collaborative effort was made to create a curriculum for elementary students engaging with the cultural artifacts and provenance of the collection. Their mentors Carolyn Runyon and Dr. Olivia Wolf have supported this research by questioning what role this collection serves at the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga and unpacking the provenance. Through a pedagogical approach, they have researched the history of these artifacts and the collection by interviewing experts, participating in ceramics courses, and inquiring about these artifacts.
While the collection is of great importance to the University and a terrific teacher of ancient cultures, the George and Louise Patten Collection of Salem Hyde Cultural Artifacts provides opportunity for critical analysis regarding provenance and material culture, bringing forth conversations surrounding ownership and cultural appropriation. Images from Hydeâs travels throughout Latin America and compelling interviews with scholars make sense of the artifacts appropriated by Hyde in 1969, and help us interpret their significance from a post-colonial perspective that seeks to acknowledge, respect, and credit the original creators
The Spectra of T Dwarfs I: Near-Infrared Data and Spectral Classification
We present near-infrared spectra for a sample of T dwarfs, including eleven
new discoveries made using the Two Micron All Sky Survey. These objects are
distinguished from warmer (L-type) brown dwarfs by the presence of methane
absorption bands in the 1--2.5 \micron spectral region. A first attempt at a
near-infrared classification scheme for T dwarfs is made, based on the
strengths of CH and HO bands and the shapes of the 1.25, 1.6, and 2.1
\micron flux peaks. Subtypes T1 V through T8 V are defined, and spectral
indices useful for classification are presented. The subclasses appear to
follow a decreasing T scale, based on the evolution of CH and
HO bands and the properties of L and T dwarfs with known distances.
However, we speculate that this scale is not linear with spectral type for cool
dwarfs, due to the settling of dust layers below the photosphere and subsequent
rapid evolution of spectral morphology around T 1300--1500 K.
Similarities in near-infrared colors and continuity of spectral features
suggest that the gap between the latest L dwarfs and earliest T dwarfs has been
nearly bridged. This argument is strengthened by the possible role of CH as
a minor absorber shaping the K-band spectra of the latest L dwarfs. Finally, we
discuss one peculiar T dwarf, 2MASS 0937+2931, which has very blue
near-infrared colors (J-K = 0.24) due to suppression of the 2.1
\micron peak. The feature is likely caused by enhanced collision-induced
H absorption in a high pressure or low metallicity photosphere.Comment: 74 pages including 26 figures, accepted by ApJ v563 December 2001;
full paper including all of Table 3 may be downloaded from
http://www.gps.caltech.edu/~pa/adam/classification ;also see submission
010844
The Need for Laboratory Measurements and Ab Initio Studies to Aid Understanding of Exoplanetary Atmospheres
We are now on a clear trajectory for improvements in exoplanet observations
that will revolutionize our ability to characterize their atmospheric
structure, composition, and circulation, from gas giants to rocky planets.
However, exoplanet atmospheric models capable of interpreting the upcoming
observations are often limited by insufficiencies in the laboratory and
theoretical data that serve as critical inputs to atmospheric physical and
chemical tools. Here we provide an up-to-date and condensed description of
areas where laboratory and/or ab initio investigations could fill critical gaps
in our ability to model exoplanet atmospheric opacities, clouds, and chemistry,
building off a larger 2016 white paper, and endorsed by the NAS Exoplanet
Science Strategy report. Now is the ideal time for progress in these areas, but
this progress requires better access to, understanding of, and training in the
production of spectroscopic data as well as a better insight into chemical
reaction kinetics both thermal and radiation-induced at a broad range of
temperatures. Given that most published efforts have emphasized relatively
Earth-like conditions, we can expect significant and enlightening discoveries
as emphasis moves to the exotic atmospheres of exoplanets.Comment: Submitted as an Astro2020 Science White Pape
Informal Caregiving in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): A High Caregiver Burden and Drastic Consequences on Caregiversâ Lives
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that causes progressive autonomy loss and need for care. This does not only affect patients themselves, but also the patientsâ informal caregivers (CGs) in their health, personal and professional lives. The big efforts of this multi-center study were not only to evaluate the caregiversâ burden and to identify its predictors, but it also should provide a specific understanding of the needs of ALS patientsâ CGs and fill the gap of knowledge on their personal and work lives. Using standardized questionnaires, primary data from patients and their main informal CGs (n = 249) were collected. Patientsâ functional status and disease severity were evaluated using the Barthel Index, the revised Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R) and the Kingâs Stages for ALS. The caregiversâ burden was recorded by the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI). Comorbid anxiety and depression of caregivers were assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Additionally, the EuroQol Five Dimension Five Level Scale evaluated their health-related quality of life. The caregiversâ burden was high (mean ZBI = 26/88, 0 = no burden, â„24 = highly burdened) and correlated with patientsâ functional status (rp = â0.555, p < 0.001, n = 242). It was influenced by the CGsâ own mental health issues due to caregiving (+11.36, 95% CI [6.84; 15.87], p < 0.001), patientsâ wheelchair dependency (+9.30, 95% CI [5.94; 12.66], p < 0.001) and was interrelated with the CGsâ depression (rp = 0.627, p < 0.001, n = 234), anxiety (rp = 0.550, p < 0.001, n = 234), and poorer physical condition (rp = â0.362, p < 0.001, n = 237). Moreover, female CGs showed symptoms of anxiety more often, which also correlated with the patientsâ impairment in daily routine (rs = â0.280, p < 0.001, n = 169). As increasing disease severity, along with decreasing autonomy, was the main predictor of caregiver burden and showed to create relevant (negative) implications on CGsâ lives, patient care and supportive therapies should address this issue. Moreover, in order to preserve the mental and physical health of the CGs, new concepts of care have to focus on both, on not only patients but also their CGs and gender-associated specific issues. As caregiving in ALS also significantly influences the socioeconomic status by restrictions in CGsâ work lives and income, and the main reported needs being lack of psychological support and a high bureaucracy, the situation of CGs needs more attention. Apart from their own multi-disciplinary medical and psychological care, more support in care and patient management issues is required
Dietary flavonoid intake and risk of incident depression in midlife and older women
Background: The impact of dietary flavonoid intakes on risk of depression is unclear. Objective: We prospectively examined associations between estimated habitual intakes of dietary flavonoids and depression risk. Design: We followed 82,643 women without a previous history of depression at baseline from the Nursesâ Health Study [(NHS) aged 53â80 y] and the Nursesâ Health Study II [(NHSII) aged 36â55 y]. Intakes of total flavonoids and subclasses (flavonols, flavones, flavanones, anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, polymeric flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins) were calculated from validated food-frequency questionnaires collected every 2â4 y. Depression was defined as physician- or clinician-diagnosed depression or antidepressant use and was self-reported in response to periodic questionnaires. Cox proportional hazards models were performed to examine associations. Results: A total of 10,752 incident depression cases occurred during a 10-y follow-up. Inverse associations between flavonol, flavone, and flavanone intakes and depression risk were observed. Pooled multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) were 0.93 (0.88, 0.99), 0.92 (0.86, 0.98), and 0.90 (0.85, 0.96) when comparing the highest (quintile 5) with the lowest (quintile 1) quintiles, respectively, with evidence of linear trends across quintiles (P-trend = 0.0004â0.08). In flavonoid-rich food-based analyses, the HR was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.74, 0.91) among participants who consumed â„2 servings citrus fruit or juices/d compared with <1 serving/wk. In the NHS only, total flavonoids, polymers, and proanthocyanidin intakes showed significant (9â12%) lower depression risks. In analyses among late-life NHS participants (aged â„65 y at baseline or during follow-up), for whom we were able to incorporate depressive symptoms into the outcome definition, higher intakes of all flavonoid subclasses except for flavan-3-ols were associated with significantly lower depression risk; flavones and proanthocyanidins showed the strongest associations (HR for both: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.77, 0.90). Conclusions: Higher flavonoid intakes may be associated with lower depression risk, particularly among older women. Further studies are needed to confirm these associations
Ancient Latin American objects in the archive: selections from the George and Louise Patten collection of Salem Hyde cultural artifacts at the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
https://scholar.utc.edu/exhibition-records/1004/thumbnail.jp
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