Prevalence of Kudoa in Fish Fillets Caught in Para State

Kudoa is a myxozoan that causes myoliquefaction in marine fishes. Most of species only affect fish, but a K. septempunctata outbreak was reported in 358 people. Although many species of Kudoa are known, none was described in Brachyplatystoma filamentosum, Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii, Mugil curema, Plagioscion squamosissimus or Oxydoras niger until now. Due to the economic cost of eliminating seafood presenting myxozoan lesions, this study aimed to describe lesions found at necropsy and histopathology, as well as to detect this myxozoan by molecular techniques. For this purpose, were sampled 85 fish of the following species: Brachyplatystoma filamentosum, Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii, Mugil curema, Plagioscion squamosissimus, and Oxydoras niger from Colares and Vigia, Pará, Brazil. Necropsies were carried out to describe lesions and molecular techniques (PCR and sequencing) were applied for identification. Although muscle lesions were not observed at necropsy, histopathology revealed bacterial colonies, coagulative necrosis, dystrophic calcification, eosinophils, hemorrhage, parasitic cysts, protozoan, and vacuolization. After sequencing, K. shiomitsui (GENBANK: LC128646) was identified as the causative agent of fishes infection. Also, high parasitism of this myxozoan was observed in fishes sampled, i.e., 90 % in Colares and 100% in Vigia

Risk factors for injury in the cornea in critical patients in intensive care: an integrative review

Objective: summarizing the scientific content produced about the risk factors for corneal injury in critically ill patients in intensive care. Method: this is an integrative review of the literature conducted by question: “Which risk factors are involved in the development of corneal injury in critically ill patients in intensive care?” We searched the banks of BDENF, LILACS, SciELO and MEDLINE. The collection was performed according to the research protocol from January to April 2014. Results: the risk factors found are related to impairment of defense mechanisms, ventilation, and level of consciousness, severity and hemodynamic instability and use of specific medications. Conclusion: there was noted the scarcity of scientific papers about the subject in our country, which makes it imperative to urgent investigation into our reality, in order to demonstrate the problems of this disease

PSICOLOGIA MACROCULTURAL: UM ESTUDO TEÓRICO

A psicologia macrocultural é uma ramificação da psicologia cultural e foi desenvolvida por Carl Ratner, com a finalidade de promover processos de mudança social. Tal teoria tem como princípio central a concepção de que os fenômenos psicológicos possuem como base a cultura, a qual é constituída por fatores macroculturais, sendo eles as instituições sociais, os artefatos e os conceitos culturais. Assim, Ratner propõe que é por meio da transformação da cultura que se torna possível processos de mudança tanto na constituição dos fenômenos psicológicos, quanto na própria sociedade. Diante disso, esse artigo tem como proposta realizar um estudo teórico sobre a psicologia macrocultural, por meio da literatura produzida pelo próprio teórico, bem como da literatura produzida no Brasil, buscando, sobretudo, aprofundar e divulgar essa teoria que tem sido pouco estudada no país. Por fim, vale destacar que esse estudo possibilita conhecer a importância que essa teoria assume para a construção da crítica, da compreensão e da mudança dos processos prejudiciais que ocorrem nas diversas sociedades culturais e que limitam o desenvolvimento ideal das pessoas. PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Psicologia Macrocultural, Cultura, Fatores Macroculturais, Fenômenos Psicológicos, Mudança Social

BEHAVIORAL BIASES IN INVESTORS' DECISION: STUDIES REVIEW FROM 2006-2015

The present study presents a survey of researches that, through the employment of theoretical precepts, laboratory tests or empiric studies, in the period from 2006 to 2015, related themselves to the examination of anomalies' incidences or irrational effects which affect people's choices on investment decisions. Despite the temporal delimitation, it was set about the seminal study of Kahneman and Tversky, published in 1979, which brings considerations about Perspective Theory, in opposite to Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH). The used methodology is exploratory and bibliographic, employing a sample composed by international journals of Finances area, besides journals in Accounting and Management in Brazil. A subdivision in the format of findings presentation was carried out, separating those which treat theoretical precepts and laboratory tests, nevertheless linked to possible practical effects - depicted as studies of behavioral incidences, evidences and tendencies - from those which seek empirical evidences greatly related to market operations, identified as studies of behavioral precepts applied to market. In conclusion, it was possible to identify that international researches are more focused on the understanding of behavioral phenomena and their impacts in stock market, while Brazilian studies concentrate on replications of seminal study or identification of biases and specific samples, presenting low possibilities for results' generalization. This occurs due to the lack of deepening and narrow scope of the investigations. Therefore, it's open a great variety of possibilities for studies, notably in fields such as domestic finances, behavioral effects among Latin American countries, standardization of behavior inside organizations, correlation among several biases, identification of other behavioral effects which interfere financial and economic scenery, mainly  if the researches involve real market data

Características dos pacientes com câncer atendidos em um ambulatório de cirurgia de cabeça e pescoço no interior da Bahia

A pesquisa objetivou descrever as características dos pacientes com câncer, atendidos no ambulatório de Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço da Santa Casa de Misericórdia em Itabuna - Bahia. Trata-se de estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal, realizado por meio do Programa de Extensão Gestão do Cuidar em Saúde, da Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz-UESC, no período de maio a novembro de 2013. Utilizou-se o banco de dados do programa de extensão, sendo as variáveis referentes às características dos indivíduos, do câncer e do tratamento adotado. Para o armazenamento e análise dos dados, foi utilizado o programa Microsoft Excel 2007.Foram analisados dados pertencentes à primeira consulta de 89 pacientes. O estudo aponta a predominância do sexo masculino (59,5 %), maiores de 60 anos (37,1%), sendo que 21,3% realizavam atividades rurais. Quanto à exposição a fatores de risco, 64,1% eram tabagistas, 49,4% etilistas e 62,9% afirmaram exposição solar prolongada e sem proteção. Os sítios primários de tumor mais frequentes de acordo com a Classificação Internacional de doenças (CID-10), foram a tireóide (C73) com 15,7%, a boca (C06.9) com 14,6% e a laringe (C32) com 13,5%. Na primeira consulta, a terapêutica mais adotada foi a cirurgia, em 36,0% dos casos. Através deste estudo, foi possível caracterizar os pacientes, fornecendo dados para viabilizar a ampliação do conhecimento na área oncológica na região