Areas associated to a quadrilateral

We study the relationship between the areas of the consecutive quadrilaterals cut from a convex quadrilateral in the plane by means of a finite or infinite number of straight lines intersecting two of its opposite sides. Moreover, we obtain a geometric description of all possible areas obtained in this way given the ratios of the lengths of consecutive segments the lines divide these two opposite sides

Discover the Thracians - An Approach for Use of 2D and 3D Technologies for Digitization of Cultural Heritage in the Field of E-learning

Information and communication technologies (ICT) offer an easier access to and a multi-perspective view of cultural heritage artifacts and may also enrich and improve cultural heritage education through the adoption of innovative learning/teaching methods. This paper examines the different practices and opportunities for digitization of cultural artifacts with historical significance and describes the work on a pilot project concerning the development of e-learning materials in the Thracian cultural and historical heritage. The proposed method presents an approach based on a combination of 2D and 3D technologies to facilitate the overall process of digitization of individual objects. This approach not only provides greater opportunities for presenting the Thracian heritage but also new perspectives for studying it - students, scientists, PhD students will have the opportunity to work with the materials without having access to them

Systèmes d'ordre non entier pour la commande robuste

Les objectifs de cette thèse consistent en l'étude des possibilités pour la commande robuste d'ordre non entier du flux de véhicules sur des structures autoroutières. Le modèle du flux choisi est le macroscopique de Lighthill Whitham Richards, retenu surtout dû à sa simplicité. Cette représentation en termes d'équations aux dérivées partielles est modifiée afin d'avoir une fonction de transfert susceptible à l'analyse fréquentielle par simulation. Ce passage est réalisé par une transformation mathématique à l'intermédiaire de la fonction de Green. La fonction de transfert ainsi obtenue est par la suite utilisée en tant qu'élément de base pour la composition de configurations routières concrètes à traiter. La conception de la commande fractionnaire suit la méthode de récursion fractio-rationnelle proposée par Oustaloup. A partir du modèle nominal du procédé, elle délivre les paramètres pour un réjecteur à intégro-dérivation d ordre non entier. Le régulateur fractionnaire synthétisé est introduit dans un schéma à prédiction de Smith. Pour cette structure à modèle interne, efficace lors de la commande de procédés à paramètres distribués, la variante du schéma avec séparation du retard est préférée, puisqu'elle limite l'influence des incertitudes dans le modèle sur le fonctionnement du régulateur. Le prédicteur fractionnaire ainsi formé est implémenté pour la régulation du flux véhiculaire sur des structures autoroutières typiques, telles les intersection de l'autoroute avec des rampes d'entrée et de sortie. On étudie également des segments uniformes de différente longueur, afin de délimiter l efficacité du régulateur réjecteur en fonction de la distance le long de l'infrastructure, c'est-à-dire du retard pur dans le modèle. Pour une configuration routière complexe un schéma en cascade est développé, vu qu'au delà d'une valeur limite pour la longueur du l infrastructure, la régulation efficace n est pas réalisable autrement. Une comparaison est également effectuée entre le réjecteur fractionnaire et un régulateur PID standard, ajusté au même modèle, afin de démontrer les avantages d une loi de commande d ordre non entier. L'analyse par simulation fournit les caractéristiques temporelles, fréquentielles et robustes, à partir desquelles sont estimées la stabilité et des performances de la commande conçue pour les différents cas de modèles perturbés traités. Pour les buts de ce travail, des variations parfois excessives des paramètres sont considérés, qui rarement auraient un équivalent réel sur les autoroutes. Cela est fait afin de délimiter la capacité et la robustesse de l'approche proposée, pour ainsi faire preuve de l'applicabilité et de l'intérêt de son développement futur.The objectives of this thesis consist in the study of the feasibility of a non integer order robust control for the vehicular traffic flow on highway structures. The flow model chosen is the macroscopic by Lighthill Whitham Richards, retained mostly for its simplicity. This representation in terms of partial differential equation is modified so as to have a transfer function susceptible to the frequency simulation analysis. The mathematical transformation is achieved through the medium of the Green function. The transfer function obtained is then used as the basic element for composing of different road structures to be treated. The conception of the fractional control approach is according to the fractio-rational recursion method proposed by Oustaloup. It delivers the parameters for a non integer order rejector with integrating and derivation elements. The fractional controller synthesised is introduced in a Smith-prediction scheme. For this internal model structure, efficient in the regulation with distributed parameter plants, the version with separation of the delay is preferred, because it limits the model uncertainty's influence on the controller performance. The fractional predictor defined is implemented for the regulation of the vehicular flow on typical highway structures, such as intersections with on- and off-ramps. Uniform segments of various length are also studied so as to delimit the efficiency of the rejector depending on the distance along the infrastructure, i.e., on the model's time delay. For some of the most usual configurations, is fulfilled a comparison with a standard PID controller, tuned according the same model, in order to demonstrate the advantages of a non integer order control law. A cascade scheme is developed as well, since beyond some value for the structure length, the efficient regulation is not feasible otherwise. The simulation analysis delivers the time, frequency and robust characteristics, based on which are estimated the stability and the performance of the conceived control for the different cases of disturbance affected models treated. For the goals of this work, sometimes are considered excessive variations of the parameters, rarely possible in the highway reality. This is done so as to mark out the capacity and the robustness of the proposed approach and thus prove its applicability and the interest in its improvement.BETHUNE-BU Sci. appli. et éco. (621192101) / SudocSudocFranceBulgariaFRB

Influence of aluminum and iron chlorides on the parameters of zigzag patterns on films dried from BSA solutions

Abstract The relationships between the structural and aggregational state of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and the specific length and total number of zigzag pattern segments of the film textures formed upon drying biopolymer solutions with aluminum and iron chlorides have been shown. To obtain films, saline solutions of BSA were dried in a glass cuvette under thermostatically controlled conditions. It is shown that the formation of zigzag structures is sensitive to the influence of aluminum chlorides Al3+ and iron chlorides Fe3+ and depend on the concentration of AlCl3 and FeCl3. This may be due to a change in the charge and size of BSA particles and due to a change in conformation or a violation of the structure of BSA. These factors, in turn, affect the hydration of the solution components and the structural state of free water in solution, which presumably also affects the formation of zigzag structures. It is established that the analysis of the specific length and the number of segments of zigzag patterns makes it possible to evaluate changes in the state of biopolymers in the initial solution during structural changes and aggregation

Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable

Brazil, home to one of the planet's last great forests, is currently in trade negotiations with its second largest trading partner, the European Union (EU). We urge the EU to seize this critical opportunity to ensure that Brazil protects human rights and the environment

Highly-parallelized simulation of a pixelated LArTPC on a GPU

The rapid development of general-purpose computing on graphics processing units (GPGPU) is allowing the implementation of highly-parallelized Monte Carlo simulation chains for particle physics experiments. This technique is particularly suitable for the simulation of a pixelated charge readout for time projection chambers, given the large number of channels that this technology employs. Here we present the first implementation of a full microphysical simulator of a liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) equipped with light readout and pixelated charge readout, developed for the DUNE Near Detector. The software is implemented with an end-to-end set of GPU-optimized algorithms. The algorithms have been written in Python and translated into CUDA kernels using Numba, a just-in-time compiler for a subset of Python and NumPy instructions. The GPU implementation achieves a speed up of four orders of magnitude compared with the equivalent CPU version. The simulation of the current induced on $10^3$ pixels takes around 1 ms on the GPU, compared with approximately 10 s on the CPU. The results of the simulation are compared against data from a pixel-readout LArTPC prototype

DUNE Offline Computing Conceptual Design Report

This document describes Offline Software and Computing for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) experiment, in particular, the conceptual design of the offline computing needed to accomplish its physics goals. Our emphasis in this document is the development of the computing infrastructure needed to acquire, catalog, reconstruct, simulate and analyze the data from the DUNE experiment and its prototypes. In this effort, we concentrate on developing the tools and systems thatfacilitate the development and deployment of advanced algorithms. Rather than prescribing particular algorithms, our goal is to provide resources that are flexible and accessible enough to support creative software solutions as HEP computing evolves and to provide computing that achieves the physics goals of the DUNE experiment