301 research outputs found
Physical activity practice and attitudes in canarian teenagers
En el presente estudio de la población adolescente de la Comunidad Autónoma de Canarias, se evidencia que aquellos adolescentes que cumplen con las recomendaciones de práctica de Actividad Física tanto de intensidad
moderada como vigorosa frente a los que no las cumplen, muestran a su vez mejores valores en la percepción del conjunto de actitudes que influyen en los niveles de práctica; competencia motriz, disfrute y valor-utilidad otorgada a la misma. Lo cual nos permite afirmar que este conjunto de factores pueden determinar el tipo y grado de participación en actividades físico-deportivas en este sector de la poblaciónIn this actual study of the adolescent population of the Autonomous Region of the Canary Islands, is evident, that teens who comply with the recommendations of practice of physical activity both of moderate intensity as vigorous intensity, compared with those which do not comply, show the best values in the perception of the set of attitudes that influence the levels of practice; perceived competence, enjoyment, perceived value. Which allows us to affirm that this set of factors can determine the type and degree of participation in physical-sport activities in this sector of the populatio
Análisis genómico y funcional de los efectores de las familias HopAF y HopAO del sistema de secreción tipo III de Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi NCPPB 3335
Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi (Psv) es el agente causal de la tuberculosis del olivo. El análisis bioinformático del borrador del genoma de Psv NCPPB 3335 permitió identificar 33 posibles efectores (T3E) del sistema de secreción tipo III (T3SS). Además, la secuenciación de los tres plásmidos de esta cepa reveló que los genes codificantes de los T3E HopAF1 y HopAO1 se localizan en los plásmidos pPsv48A y pPsv48B, respectivamente, codificándose en el cromosoma de esta cepa un homólogo de HopAF1 (HopAF1-2). Análisis posteriores revelaron que Psv NCPPB 3335 también codifica en el cromosoma un T3E (HopAO2) que contiene un dominio enzimático tirosina fosfatasa (PTP), similar al que posee HopAO1. El análisis filogenético de las familias HopAF y HopAO permitió identificar que ambas se encuentran ampliamente distribuidas dentro del complejo P. syringae. Análisis de translocación y transcripcionales validaron a los T3E HopAF1, HopAF1-2, HopAO1 y HopAO2 como nuevos T3E del secretoma del T3SS de Psv NCPPB 3335. La expresión heteróloga de estos 4 T3E tiene como consecuencia la interferencia con la respuesta de defensa primaria (PTI) de Nicotiana tabacum, lo que implica una reducción de la deposición de calosa y de la formación de especies reactivas de oxígeno (ROS). Asimismo, los T3E HopAF1-2, HopAO1 y HopAO2 también inhiben la inmunidad mediada por efectores (ETI) en este mismo hospedador. Por otro lado, y utilizando fusiones traduccionales a la proteína verde fluorescente (GFP), se localizaron los T3E HopAF1, HopAF1-2, HopAO1 y HopAO2 próximos a la membrana plasmática de las células de Nicotiana benthamiana. Además, HopAO2 también se localizó en vesículas del aparato de Golgi. La deleción del gen hopAF1 del plásmido pPsv48A en Psv NCPPB 3335 tuvo como consecuencia una ligera reducción en el tamaño de los tumores inducidos por este patógeno en plantas de olivo lignificadas, mientras que la deleción del gen hopAO1 conllevó una clara disminución de la virulencia del mismo.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech
Comparative Analysis of the Type III Secretion System Effector Repertoires of Pseudomonas savastanoi Pathovars Pathogenic on Woody Hosts
Comunicación de tipo pósterThe species Pseudomonas savastanoi, a member of the Pseudomonas syringae complex,
includes four pathovars causing knots or excrescences in woody hosts: P. savastanoi pv.
savastanoi (Psv), pv. fraxini (Psf), pv. nerii (Psn) and pv. retacarpa (Psr), comprising isolates
from olive, ash, oleander and broom plants, respectively. Pathogenicity of P. savastanoi is
dependent, among other factors, on the type III secretion system (T3SS) and its effector
(T3E) repertoire. Furthermore, a putative role in the interaction with woody hosts has been
suggested for several of these T3E. The recent availability of the genome sequences of
several P. savastanoi strains isolated from different hosts has facilitated bioinformatics
predictions of their T3SS genes and T3E pools, the study of their distribution in other strains
of the P. syringae complex isolated from woody hosts and the functional analysis of several
of these secreted proteins. As previously reported for Psv, Psn and Psf, here we show that
pathogenicity of Psr ICMP16945, is also dependent on the T3SS. Psv strains NCPPB 3335,
ICMP4352 and PseNe107 share a core set of at least 22 T3E, 18 of which are also encoded in
Psn ICMP16943, Psf ICMP7711 and Psr ICMP16945. However, these three strains encode
truncated versions of 1-2 of these 18 T3E and, Psr ICMP16945 contains three pathovarspecific
T3E. Our results also show that several T3E, including HopAO1, are phylogenetically
clustered across the P. syringae complex according to the woody/herbaceous nature of their
host of isolation, suggesting host specialization of these effectors in this complex.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec
Features associated to woody hosts in the bacterial pathogen of olive plants Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi
The causal agent of olive knot disease, Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi, belongs to the Pseudomonas syringae complex, a bacterial group causing diseases in a broad variety of both woody and herbaceous plant species. Here we summarize our results regarding a set of P. savastanoi pv. savastanoi features exclusively found in the genomes of bacteria from the P. syringae complex isolated from woody hosts. Comparative genomics and evolutionary studies allowed us to identify a 15 kb genomic island (WHOP, from woody host and Pseudomonas), carrying a set of genes involved in degradation of phenolic compounds and exclusively found in bacterial pathogens of woody hosts. Deletion of several WHOP-encoded genes in Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi NCPPB 3335 revealed that they play a role in the virulence of the strain in woody olive plants but not in in vitro-grown (nonwoody) plants. In addition, several type III secretion system effectors belonging to the HopAF, HopAO and HopBL families were shown to be clustered across the P. syringae complex according to the woody/herbaceous nature of their host of isolation. Further functional analyses of these virulence factors are needed to facilitate the design of novel strategies directed to control bacterial pathogens of woody hosts.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech
Evolution of asexual and sexual reproduction in the aspergilli
Aspergillus nidulans has long-been used as a model organism to gain insights into the genetic basis of asexual and sexual developmental processes both in
other members of the genus Aspergillus, and filamentous fungi in general. Paradigms have been established concerning the regulatory mechanisms of conidial
development. However, recent studies have shown considerable genome divergence in the fungal kingdom, questioning the general applicability of findings from
Aspergillus, and certain longstanding evolutionary theories have been questioned. The phylogenetic distribution of key regulatory elements of asexual reproduction in
A. nidulans was investigated in a broad taxonomic range of fungi. This revealed that some proteins were well conserved in the Pezizomycotina (e.g. AbaA, FlbA, FluG,
NsdD, MedA, and some velvet proteins), suggesting similar developmental roles. However, other elements (e.g. BrlA) had a more restricted distribution solely in the
Eurotiomycetes, and it appears that the genetic control of sporulation seems to be more complex in the aspergilli than in some other taxonomic groups of the
Pezizomycotina. The evolution of the velvet protein family is discussed based on the history of expansion and contraction events in the early divergent fungi. Heterologous expression of the A. nidulans abaA gene in Monascus ruber failed to induce development of complete conidiophores as seen in the aspergilli, but did result in
increased conidial production. The absence of many components of the asexual developmental pathway from members of the Saccharomycotina supports the hypothesis
that differences in the complexity of their spore formation is due in part to the increased diversity of the sporulation machinery evident in the Pezizomycotina. Investigations were also made into the evolution of sex and sexuality in the aspergilli. MAT loci were identified from the heterothallic Aspergillus (Emericella) heterothallicus
and Aspergillus (Neosartorya) fennelliae and the homothallic Aspergillus pseudoglaucus (=Eurotium repens). A consistent architecture of the MAT locus was seen in
these and other heterothallic aspergilli whereas much variation was seen in the arrangement of MAT loci in homothallic aspergilli. This suggested that it is most likely that
the common ancestor of the aspergilli exhibited a heterothallic breeding system. Finally, the supposed prevalence of asexuality in the aspergilli was examined. Investigations were made using A. clavatus as a representative ‘asexual’ species. It was possible to induce a sexual cycle in A. clavatus given the correct MAT1-1 and
MAT1-2 partners and environmental conditions, with recombination confirmed utilising molecular markers. This indicated that sexual reproduction might be possible in
many supposedly asexual aspergilli and beyond, providing general insights into the nature of asexuality in fungi.National Natural Science Foundation of China 31601446National Research Foundation of Korea 2016010945Intelligent Synthetic Biology Center of Global Frontier Projects 2015M3A6A8065838Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research CouncilGovernment of IraqMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad BIO2015-67148-
Population genetic structure of a sandstone specialist and a generalist heath species at two levels of sandstone patchiness across the Strait of Gibraltar
Many habitat specialist species are originally composed of small, discontinuous populations because their habitats are naturally fragmented or patchy. They may have suffered the long-term effects of natural patchiness. Mediterranean heathlands, a representative habitat in the Strait of Gibraltar region, are associated with nutrient-poor, acidic sandstone soils. Sandstone soil patches in the African side of the Strait (Tangier) are, in general, smaller and more scattered than in the European side (Algeciras). In this study, we analyze the effect of this sandstone patchiness on the population genetic diversity and structure of two Erica species from these Mediterranean heathlands that differ in their edaphic specificity, E. australis, sandstone specialist, and E. arborea, generalist. Average levels of within-population genetic diversity and gene flow between populations were significantly lower in Tangier (high sandstone patchiness) than in Algeciras (low patchiness) for the sandstone specialist, whereas no differences between both sides of the Strait were detected in the edaphic generalist. Since most endemic species in Mediterranean heathlands of the Strait of Gibraltar are sandstone specialists, these results highlight an increased vulnerability to loss of genetic diversity and local extinction of the heathland endemic flora in the Tangier side of the Strait of Gibraltar. © 2014 Gil-López et al.Project BREATHAL (CGL2011-28759/BOS) was financed by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.Peer Reviewe
Continuous harmonic analysis and power quality measurements in three-phase systems
A virtual instrument, named Power Quality
Meter, is presented for (a) measuring power consumption and
harmonics in three-phase systems, under non-sinusoidal and
imbalance conditions (b) detecting, classifying and organizes
power disturbance events. Measurement of the power
consumption follows the formulation proposed by the members
of the IEEE Working Group on Nonsinusoidal Situations
(1996). So, definitions are based on the analysis of functions in
the frequency domain, separating the fundamental terms from
the harmonic terms of the Fourier series. The virtual instrument
has been developed too for monitoring and measuring power
disturbances, which are automatically classified and organized
in a database while they are being recorded. Software tools use
the database structure to present summaries of power
disturbances and locate an event by severity or time of
occurrence. Records of actual measurements are included to
demonstrate the versatility of the instrument
Interaction energy functional for lattice density functional theory: Applications to one-, two- and three-dimensional Hubbard models
The Hubbard model is investigated in the framework of lattice density
functional theory (LDFT). The single-particle density matrix with
respect the lattice sites is considered as the basic variable of the many-body
problem. A new approximation to the interaction-energy functional
is proposed which is based on its scaling properties and which recovers exactly
the limit of strong electron correlations at half-band filling. In this way, a
more accurate description of is obtained throughout the domain of
representability of , including the crossover from weak to strong
correlations. As examples of applications results are given for the
ground-state energy, charge-excitation gap, and charge susceptibility of the
Hubbard model in one-, two-, and three-dimensional lattices. The performance of
the method is demonstrated by comparison with available exact solutions, with
numerical calculations, and with LDFT using a simpler dimer ansatz for .
Goals and limitations of the different approximations are discussed.Comment: 25 pages and 8 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Pinning and switching of magnetic moments in bilayer graphene
We examine the magnetic properties of the localized states induced by lattice
vacancies in bilayer graphene with an unrestricted Hartree-Fock calculation. We
show that with realistic values of the parameters and for experimentally
accessible gate voltages we can have a magnetic switching between an
unpolarized and a fully polarized system.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure
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