HABILIDADES PARA VIDA E EXPERIÊNCIAS ESPORTIVAS POSITIVAS DE JOVENS FUTEBOLISTAS

The present study aimed to investigate the life skills and positive youth development of young soccer players. 104 players from U-15, U-17 and U-19 categories of a club affiliated to Paraná Soccer Federation, that participate in regional and stated championships were evaluated. The Youth Experience Survey for Sport and the Sports Life Skill Scale were applied. For data analysis, Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman's correlation coefficient and Network Correlation Analysis were used. There was no difference in the comparison of life skills and positive youth development by time of experience, competitive level and category (p > 0.05). The dimensions of positive youth development and life skills were weakly associated (p < 0.05). The evaluated players reported that soccer contributes to positive youth development and also to the acquisition of life skills. The dimensions of life skills “Problem Solving” and “Leadership” are central factors that contribute to the development of the other dimensions.El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar las habilidades para la vida y las experiencias deportivas positivas de jóvenes futbolistas. Se evaluaron 104 jugadores de las categorías Sub-15, Sub-17 y Sub-19 de un club de fútbol afiliado a la Federación Paranaense de Fútbol, que compite a nivel regional y estatal. Se aplicaron el Cuestionario de Experiencia de Jóvenes en el Deporte y la Escala de Habilidades Para la Vida en el Deporte. En el análisis de los datos se emplearon las pruebas U de Mann-Whitney, el Coeficiente de Correlación de Spearman y el Análisis Correlacional de Redes. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la comparación de las habilidades para la vida y las experiencias deportivas positivas según el tiempo de experiencia, el nivel competitivo y la categoría (p > 0,05). Las dimensiones de experiencias deportivas positivas y habilidades para la vida mostraron asociaciones débiles (p < 0,05). Los jugadores evaluados informaron que el fútbol contribuye a las experiencias deportivas positivas y también a la adquisición de habilidades para la vida. Las dimensiones de habilidades para la vida "Solución de Problemas" y "Liderazgo" son factores centrales que contribuyen al desarrollo de las demás dimensiones.O presente estudo objetivou investigar as habilidades para vida e as experiências esportivas positivas de jovens futebolistas. Foram avaliados 104 jogadores das categorias Sub-15, Sub-17 e Sub-19 de um clube de futebol filiado à Federação Paranaense de Futebol, que compete a nível regional e estadual. Foram aplicados o Questionário da Experiência de Jovens no Esporte e a Escala de Habilidades Para a Vida no Esporte. Na análise dos dados foram empregados os testes U de Mann-Whitney, Coeficiente de Correlação de Spearman e Análise Correlacional de Redes. Não foram verificadas diferenças significativas na comparação das habilidades para vida e experiências esportivas positivas por tempo de experiência, nível competitivo e categoria (p > 0,05). As dimensões de experiências esportivas positivas e habilidades para vida apresentaram associações fracas (p < 0,05). Os jogadores avaliados relataram que o futebol contribui para as experiências esportivas positivas e também para a aquisição de habilidades para vida. As dimensões de habilidades para vida “Solução de Problemas” e “Liderança” são fatores centrais que contribuem para o desenvolvimento das demais dimensões

Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Ethanol Extract from Vernonia polyanthes Leaves in Rodents

The ethanol extract from Vernonia polyanthes leaves (EEVP) was investigated for antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects at the doses (p.o.) of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg in animal models. The extract reduced the number of abdominal contortions by 16.75% and 31.44% at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. The results obtained showed that EEVP exerted a significant antinociceptive effect in the two phases of formalin. The EEVP increased the reaction time on a hot plate at the doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg after 90 min of treatment. The paw edema was reduced by EEVP at the doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg after 4 h of application of carrageenan. Doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, administered 4 h before the carrageenan injection, significantly reduced the exudate volume (29.25 and 45.74%, respectively) and leukocyte migration (18.19 and 27.95%, respectively). These results suggest that V. polyanthes can be an active source of substances with antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities

Vernonia condensata

The present study evaluated the antioxidant potential of Vernonia condensata Baker (Asteraceae). Dried and powdered leaves were exhaustively extracted with ethanol by static maceration followed by partition to obtain the hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and butanol fractions. Total phenols and flavonoids contents were determined through spectrophotometry and flavonoids were identified by HPLC-DAD system. The antioxidant activity was assessed by DPPH radical scavenging activity, TLC-bioautography, reducing power of Fe+3, phosphomolybdenum, and TBA assays. The total phenolic content and total flavonoids ranged from 0.19 to 23.11 g/100 g and from 0.13 to 4.10 g/100 g, respectively. The flavonoids apigenin and luteolin were identified in the ethyl acetate fraction. The IC50 of DPPH assay varied from 4.28 to 75.10 µg/mL and TLC-bioautography detected the antioxidant compounds. The reducing power of Fe+3 was 19.98 to 336.48 μg/mL, while the reaction with phosphomolybdenum ranged from 13.54% to 32.63% and 56.02% to 135.00% considering ascorbic acid and rutin as reference, respectively. At 30 mg/mL, the ethanolic extract and fractions revealed significant effect against lipid peroxidation. All these data sustain that V. condensata is an important and promising source of bioactive substances with antioxidant activity

New Approaches to Clarify Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of the Ethanol Extract from Vernonia condensata Leaves

The present study was aimed at evaluating the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of the ethanol extract from Vernonia condensata leaves in animal models, in order to afford a better understanding of these properties. The extract reduced the number of abdominal contortions at doses of 100 (51.00 ± 3.00), 200 (42.00 ± 2.98) and 400 mg/kg (39.00 ± 4.00). In formalin tests, a significant reduction in the licking time (p < 0.01) was observed in the first phase by 25.14 (200 mg/kg = 51.50 ± 4.44) and 31.15% (400 mg/kg = 48.00 ± 4.37). The doses of 100 (43.37 ± 5.15), 200 (34.62 ± 4.16) and 400 mg/kg (28.37 ± 3.98) inhibited (p < 0.001) the second phase. After 60 and 90 min of treatment, a dose of 400 mg/kg (10.13 ± 0.39 and 11.14 ± 1.33, respectively) increased the latency time. Doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg potentiated the sleeping time induced by diazepam, pentobarbital and meprobamate. The extracts (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) showed anti-inflammatory effects by a decrease in paw edema. The extracts also reduced the exudate volume at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg. The leukocyte migration had significant effect (p < 0.001) at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg. The completion of additional experiments in the investigation of the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of V. condensata allowed a better understanding of the central and peripheral mechanisms involved

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost