15 research outputs found
The evolution of temperature and salinity fields in a global ocean model
66-71A three dimensional Ocean General Circulation Model in stretched coordinate with zoom capability over an area of interest has been used to study the evolution of the meridional and vertical structure of temperature, salinity and density of the ocean. In this study 9 discrete vertical levels with flat bottom topography and horizontal resolution of 2.5° (N-S) x 5° (E-W) has been considered. The lateral boundaries are set at 30°S and 30°N for the channel ocean surrounding the earth. The model simulation run is forced by analytic wind stress, heat and salinity fluxes from initial steady state to a stable state of ocean. For the final steady state, the longitudinal average of above fields are taken at all the levels. Finally best fit relations have been obtained from their latitudinal and vertical variation
Impact of moisture variations on the circulation of the south-west monsoon
The impact of moisture anomalies on the circulation of the south-west Indian monsoon has been studied with a general circulation model. Newtonian relaxation is adopted to subject the model atmosphere under sustained moisture anomalies. The impact of negative anomalies of moisture was seen as a divergent circulation anomaly, while the positive anomaly was a stronger convergent anomaly. Although the humidity fields display a resilient behaviour, and relax back to normal patterns 1–2 days after the forcing terms in humidity are withdrawn, the circulation anomalies created by the moisture variation keeps growing. A feedback between positive moisture anomalies and low level convergence exists, which is terminated in the absence of external forcings
Identification of diverse genotypes with high oil content in Madhuca latifolia for further use in tree improvement
Heterotic pools in African and Asian origin populations of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]
In situ grafted nanostructured ZnO/carboxymethyl cellulose nanocomposites for efficient delivery of curcumin to cancer
Genomic Designing of Pearl Millet:A Resilient Crop for Arid and Semi-arid Environments
Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.; Syn. Cenchrus americanus
(L.) Morrone] is the sixth most important cereal in the world. Today, pearl
millet is grown on more than 30 million ha mainly in West and Central Africa and
the Indian sub-continent as a staple food for more than 90 million people in agriculturally
marginal areas. It is rich in proteins and minerals and has numerous
health benefits such as being gluten-free and having slow-digesting starch. It is
grown as a forage crop in temperate areas. It is drought and heat tolerant, and a
climate-smart crop that can withstand unpredictable variability in climate. However,
research on pearl millet improvement is lagging behind other major cereals mainly
due to limited investment in terms of man and money power. So far breeding
achievements include the development of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS),
maintenance counterparts (rf) system and nuclear fertility restoration genes (Rf) for
hybrid breeding, dwarfing genes for reduced height, improved input responsiveness,
photoperiod neutrality for short growing season, and resistance to important
diseases. Further improvement of pearl millet for genetic yield potential, stress
tolerance, and nutritional quality traits would enhance food and nutrition security
for people living in agriculturally dissolute environments. Application of molecular
technology in the pearl millet breeding program has a promise in enhancing the
selection efficiency while shortening the lengthy phenotypic selection process ultimately improving the rate of genetic gains. Linkage analysis and genome-wide
association studies based on different marker systems in detecting quantitative trait
loci (QTLs) for important agronomic traits are well demonstrated. Genetic
resources including wild relatives have been categorized into primary, secondary
and tertiary gene pools based on the level of genetic barriers and ease of gene
introgression into pearl millet. A draft on pearl millet whole genome sequence was
recently published with an estimated 38,579 genes annotated to establish
genomic-assisted breeding. Resequencing a large number of germplasm lines and
several population genomic studies provided a valuable insight into population
structure, genetic diversity and domestication history of the crop. Successful
improvement in combination with modern genomic/genetic resources, tools and
technologies and adoption of pearl millet will not only improve the resilience of
global food system through on-farm diversification but also dietary intake which
depends on diminishingly fewer crops