Yeso reciclado con residuos de poliestireno expandido y fibra de celulosa para mejorar las propiedades térmicas del yeso

In this study, different proportions of gypsum composite reinforced with recycled cellulose fibers and expanded polystyrene were produced to study the properties of thermal conductivity, density, and flexural strength to be used as sealing plates to improve the thermal comfort of buildings. Different gypsum matrix composites were produced with varied proportions of cellulose fiber and expanded polystyrene, to analyze the influence of residues on the properties of the material. The thermal conductivity obtained for composites with greater amounts of expanded polystyrene was 0.18 W/mK, a 48% reduction in relation to plasterboard, improving thermal performance. The flexural strength was also analyzed, which met the minimum strength requirement for use as gypsum composites, however, it is not enough to be used in places that require mechanical resistance, thus it is indicated for sealing plates applications, improving the thermal performance of places where only plasterboard is used.En este estudio, se produjeron diferentes proporciones de compuesto de yeso reforzado con fibras de celulosa recicladas y poliestireno expandido para estudiar las propiedades de conductividad térmica, densidad y resistencia a la flexión. Se produjeron diferentes composites de matriz de yeso con variadas proporciones de fibra de celulosa y poliestireno expandido, para analizar la influencia de los residuos en las propiedades del material. La conductividad térmica obtenida para los composites con mayores cantidades de poliestireno expandido fue de 0,18 W/mK, una reducción del 48% con relación a las placas de yeso, mejorando el rendimiento térmico. También se analizó la resistencia a la flexión, la cual cumplió con el requisito de resistencia mínima para su uso como compuestos de yeso, sin embargo, no es suficiente para ser utilizado en lugares que requieran resistencia mecánica, por lo que está indicado para aplicaciones de placas de sellado, mejorando el rendimiento térmico de los lugares donde solo se utiliza placa de yeso

H 2 And H ∞ Filtering Design Subject To Implementation Uncertainty

This paper presents new filtering design procedures for discrete-time linear systems. It provides a solution to the problem of linear filtering design, assuming that the filter is subject to parametric uncertainty. The problem is relevant, since the proposed filter design incorporates real world implementation constraints that are always present in practice. The transfer function and the state space realization of the filter are simultaneously computed. The design procedure can also handle plant parametric uncertainty. In this case, the plant parameters are assumed not to be exactly known but belonging to a given convex and closed polyhedron. Robust performance is measured by the H 2 and H ∞ norms of the transfer function from the noisy input to the filtering error. The results are based on the determination of an upper bound on the performance objectives. All optimization problems are linear with constraint sets given in the form of LMI (linear matrix inequalities). Global optimal solutions to these problems can be readily computed. Numerical examples illustrate the theory. © 2005 Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.442515530Gevers, M., Li, G., (1993) Parametrizations in Control, Estimation and Filtering Problems, , Springer-Verlag, LondonWilliamson, D., Finite wordlength design of digital Kalman filters for state estimation (1985) IEEE Trans. Automat. Control, 30, pp. 930-939Williamson, D., Kadiman, K., Optimal finite wordlength linear quadratic regulators (1989) IEEE Trans. Automat. Control, 34, pp. 1218-1228Liu, K., Skelton, R.E., Grigoriadis, K., Optimal controllers for finite wordlength implementation (1992) IEEE Trans. Automat. Control, 37, pp. 1294-1304Hwang, S.Y., Minimum uncorrelated unit noise in state-space digital filtering (1977) IEEE Trans. Acoustics Speech Signal Process, 25, pp. 273-281Amit, G., Shaked, U., Minimization of roundoff errors in digital realizations of Kalman filters (1989) IEEE Trans. Acoustics Speech Signal Process, 37, pp. 1980-1982De Oliveira, M.C., Skelton, R.E., Synthesis of controllers with finite precision considerations (2001) Digital Controller Implementation and Fragility: A Modern Perspective, pp. 229-251. , R. S. H. Istepanian and J. F. Whidborne eds., Springer-Verlag, New YorkKeel, L.H., Bhattacharyya, S.P., Robust, fragile or optimal (1997) IEEE Trans. Automat. Control, 42, pp. 1098-1105Keel, L.H., Bhattacharyya, S.P., Authors' reply to: "Comments on 'Robust, fragile or optimal' " by P. M. Mäkilä (1998) IEEE Trans. Automat. Control, 43, p. 1268Dorato, P., Non-fragile controller design: An overview (1998) Proceedings of the 1998 American Control Conference, 5, pp. 2829-2831. , Philadelphia, IEEE, Piscataway, NJFamularo, D., Dorato, P., Abdallah, C.T., Haddad, W.H., Jadbabaie, A., Robust non-fragile LQ controllers: The static state feedback case (2000) Internat. J. Control, 73, pp. 159-165Yang, G.H., Wang, J.L., Robust nonfragile Kalman filtering for uncertain linear systems with estimator gain uncertainty (2001) IEEE Trans. Automat. Control, 46, pp. 343-348Haddad, W.M., Corrado, J.R., Robust resilient dynamic controllers for systems with parametric uncertainty and controller gain variations (2000) Internat. J. Control, 73, pp. 1405-1423Keel, L.H., Bhattacharyya, S.P., Stability margins and digital implementation of controllers (1998) Proceedings of the 1998 American Control Conference, 5, pp. 2852-2856. , (Philadelphia), IEEE, Piscataway, NJGeromel, J.C., Optimal linear filtering under parameter uncertainty (1999) IEEE Trans. Signal Process, 47, pp. 168-175Nesterov, Y., Nemirovskii, A., (1994) Interior-Point Polynomial Algorithms in Convex Programming, , SIAM, PhiladelphiaGeromel, J.C., Bernussou, J., Garcia, G., De Oliveira, M.C., H 2 and H ∞ robust filtering for discrete-time linear systems (2000) SIAM J. Control Optim., 38, pp. 1353-1368Geromel, J.C., De Oliveira, M.C., Bernussou, J., Robust filtering of discrete-time linear systems with parameter dependent Lyapunov functions (2002) SIAM J. Control Optim., 41, pp. 700-711De Oliveira, M.C., Bernussou, J., Geromel, J.C., A new discrete-time robust stability condition (1999) Systems Control Lett., 37, pp. 261-265Sayed, A.H., A framework for state-space estimation with uncertain models (2001) IEEE Trans. Automat. Control, 46, pp. 998-1013Balakrishnan, V., Huang, Y., Packard, A., Doyle, J.C., Linear matrix inequalities in analysis with multipliers (1994) Proceedings of the 1994 American Control Conference, 2, pp. 1228-1232. , Baltimore, MD, IEEE, Piscataway, NJGeromel, J.C., Peres, P.L.D., Bernussou, J., On a convex parameter space method for linear control design of uncertain systems (1991) SIAM J. Control Optim., 29, pp. 381-40

Long Range Anticorrelations and Non-Gaussian Behavior of a Leaky Faucet

We find that intervals between successive drops from a leaky faucet display scale-invariant, long-range anticorrelations characterized by the same exponents of heart beat-to-beat intervals of healthy subjects. This behavior is also confirmed by numerical simulations on lattice and it is faucet-width- and flow-rate-independent. The histogram for the drop intervals is also well described by a L\'evy distribution with the same index for both histograms of healthy and diseased subjects. This additional result corroborates the evidence for similarities between leaky faucets and healthy hearts underlying dynamics.Comment: Self-extracting uuencoded postscript file. Phys.Rev.E (Rap.Comm.). Related papers can be found at http://www.if.uff.br/~tjpp/tjppe.htm

Resonant elastic and inelastic scattering. Astrophysical applications. New paradigm beyond drip-lines?

5 pages, 4 figures, Expérience GANIL/SPIRALInternational audienceTwo experimental techniques have been developed at GANIL using resonant elastic and inelastic scattering reactions in inverse kinematics. These techniques were used to study the structure of unstable nuclei. A brief description of the methods is presented through two examples of application in astrophysics. Moreover, new ideas and simple questions are put forward: what happens in the low energy tail of unbound nuclei ground state resonances

A intermodalidade no transporte de etanol brasileiro : aplicação de um modelo de equilíbrio parcial

A busca por fontes de energia renováveis tem aumentado a demanda mundial de etanol. O Brasil é o segundo maior produtor; porém, os custos para transportar a produção são cada vez mais altos. O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar as alternativas de transporte para o etanol frente às condições da logística vigentes no Brasil. Para tanto, propõe-se a aplicação de um modelo de equilíbrio parcial na forma de um Problema de Complementaridade Mista (PCM). Foram avaliados três cenários: o primeiro representa uma perspectiva atual e vigente, em que são praticadas rotas rodoviárias e rodoferroviárias. No Cenário 2 estimou-se uma redução de 15% no valor do frete ferroviário e, no Cenário 3, são incluídos novos projetos dutoviários em curso no País. O Cenário 3 apresentou os melhores volumes de comercialização, com aumento de 0,20% em relação ao cenário-base e um aumento nas divisas de 27 milhões de dólares, indicando que os projetos viários que priorizam a intermodalidade, sobretudo através da dutovia, implicam reduções no custo de transporte e conferem melhoria na eficiência do sistema logístico. Como proposta futura, sugere-se a inclusão do subsídio norte-americano para o etanol, pois tal parâmetro pode alterar a competitividade brasileira57112714

Genetic Distance Based On Ssr And Grain Yield Of Inter And Intrapopulational Maize Single Cross Hybrids

The objective of this work was to correlate the genetic distances between the progenitors obtained by microsatellite markers with the grain yield of inter and intrapopulational maize single cross hybrids. Three S 0 populations derived from commercial single cross hybrids were used to obtain 163 hybrids (110 interpopulational and 53 intrapopulational). The two best hybrids and two worst hybrids of each the inter- and intrapopulational crosses were selected and their progenitors maintained through self-pollination of the second ear of each S 0 plant, genotyped with 47 SSRs. The Modified Roger's Distance (MRD) between each pair of S 1 inbred lines, the number of alleles and the polymorphic information content (PIC) of each primer were estimated. The genetic distances between progenitors were correlated with the grain yield of the inter- and intrapopulational hybrids. The number of obtained alleles was 186, with a mean of 3.96 alleles. The PIC varied from 0.49 to 0.80, with a mean of 0.65. The mean genetic distance between all S 1 inbred lines was 0.75, varying from 0.40 to 0.89, indicating the existence of variability between the S 1 inbred lines. The correlation between MRD and grain yield was high and significant for the interpopulational crosses (r = 0.84, P ≤ 0.01) and low and not significant (r = 0.18, P ≥ 0.05) for intrapopulational crosses.5103/04/15507513Ajmone Marsan, P., Castiglioni, P., Fu Sari, F., Kuiper, M., Motto, M., Genetic diversity and its relationship to hybrid performance in maize as revealed by RFLP and AFLP markers (1998) Theor. Appl. Genet., 96, pp. 219-227Árcade, A., Faivre-Rampant, P., Le Guerroué, B., Paques, L.E., Prat, D., Heterozigosity and hybrid performance in larch (1996) Theor. Appl. Genet., 93, pp. 1274-1281Barbosa, A.M.M., Geraldi, I.O., Benchimol, L.L., Garcia, A.A.F., Souza Jr., C.L., Souza, A.P., Relationship of intra and interpopulation tropical maize single cross hybrid performance and genetic distances computed from AFLP and SSR markers (2003) Euphytica, 87, pp. 87-99Benchimol, L.L., Souza Jr., C.L., Garcia, A.A.F., Kono, P.M.S., Mangolin, C.A., Barbosa, A.M.M., Coelho, A.S.G., Souza, A.P., Genetic diversity in tropical maize inbred lines: Heterotic group assignment and hybrid performance determined by RFLP markers (2000) Plant Breed., 119, pp. 491-496Boppenmaier, J., Melchinger, A.E., Brunklaus-Junt, E., Geiger, H.H., Genetic diversity for RFLP in European maize inbreds: Relation to performance of flint x dent crosses for forage traits (1992) Crop Sci., 32, pp. 895-902Butstein, D., White, M., Sholnick, M., David, R.W., Construction of a genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms (1980) Am. J. Hum. Genet., 32, pp. 314-331Cheres, M.T., Miller, J.F., Crane, J.M., Knapp, S.J., Genetic distance as a predictor of heterosis and hybrid performance within and between heterotic groups in sunflower (2000) Theor. Appl. Genet., 100, pp. 889-894Cruz, C.D., Shuster, I., (2004) GQMOL: Aplicativo Computacional para Análise de Dados Moleculares e de Suas Associações Com Caracteres Quantitativos. Versão 2004.2.1, , Viçosa. MGDhillon, B.S., Boppenmaier, J., Pollmer, R.G., Hermann, R.G., Melchinger, A.E., Relationship of restriction length polymorphisms among european maize inbreds with ear dry matter yield of their hybrids (1993) Maydica, 38, pp. 245-248Drinic, S.M., Trifunovic, S., Drinic, G., Konstantinov, K., Genetic divergence and its correlation to heterosis in maize as revealed by SSR base markers (2002) Maydica, 47, pp. 1-8Goodman, M.M., Stuber, C.W., Races of maize: VI. Isozyme variation among races of maize in Bolivia (1983) Maydica, 28, pp. 169-187Hallauer, A.R., Miranda Filho, J.B., (1988) Quantitative Genetics in Maize Breeding, 468p. , Iowa State University Press, AmesKruskal, J.B., Multidimensional scaling by optimizing goodness of fit to a no metric hypothesis (1964) Psychometrika, 29, pp. 1-27Lanza, L.L.B., Souza Jr., C.L., Ottoboni, I.M.M., Vieira, M.L.C., Souza, A.P., Genetic distance of inbred lines and prediction of maize single-cross performance using RAPD markers (1997) Theor. Appl. Genet., 94, pp. 1023-1030Le Clerc, V., Bazante, F., Baril, C., Guiard, J., Zhang, D., Assessing temporal changes in genetic diversity of maize varieties using microsatellite markers (2005) Theor. Appl. Genet., 110, pp. 294-302Lee, M., Godshalk, E.B., Lamkey, K.R., Woodman, W.W., Association of restriction fragment length polymorphisms among maize inbreds with agronomic performance of their crosses (1989) Crop Sci., 29, pp. 1067-1071Lu, H., Bernardo, R., Molecular marker diversity among current and historical maize inbreds (2001) Theor. Appl. Genet., 103, pp. 613-617Malécot, G., (1948) Les Mathématiques de l'Hérédite, , Masson et Cie, ParisMantel, N., The detection of disease clustering and a generalized regression approach (1967) Cancer Res., 37, pp. 209-220Melchinger, A.E., Genetic diversity and heterosis (1999) The Genetics and Exploitation of Heterosis in Crops, pp. 99-118. , J.G. Coors, S. Pandey (Eds.), Am. Soc. Agron. Madison WIMenkir, A., Melake-Berhan, A., Ingelbrecht, A.T., Adepoju, A., Grouping of tropical mid-altitude maize inbred lines on the basis of yield data and molecular markers (2004) Theor. Appl. Genet., 108, pp. 1582-1590Mille, M., (1997) TFPGA: Toll for Population Genetic Analysis, Version 1.3, , Northern Arizona UniversityPejic, I., Ajmone Marsan, P., Morgante, M., Kozumplick, V., Castiglioni, P., Taramino, G., Motto, M., Comparative analysis of genetic similarity among maize inbred lines detected by RFLPs, RAPDs, SSRs, and AFLPs (1998) Theor. Appl. Genet., 97, pp. 1428-11255Reif, J.C., Melchinger, A.E., Frisch, M., Genetical and mathematical properties of similarity and dissimilarity coefficients applied in plant breeding and seed bank management (2005) Crop Sci., 45, pp. 1-7Reif, J.C., Melchinger, A.E., Xia, X.C., Warburton, M.L., Hoisington, D.A., Vasal, S.K., Srinivasan, G., Frisch, M., Genetic distance based on simple sequence repeats and heterosis in tropical maize populations (2003) Crop Sci., 43, pp. 1275-1282Reif, J.C., Melchinger, A.E., Xia, X.C., Warburton, M.L., Hoisington, D.A., Vasal, S.K., Beck, D., Frisch, M., Use of SSRs for establishing heterotic groups in subtropical maize (2003) Theor. Appl. Genet., 107, pp. 947-957Rohlf, F.J., (2000) NTSYS-pc: Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System. Version 2.1, , Exeter Software. Setauket. NYSaghai-Maroof, M.A., Soliman, K.M., Jorgensen, R.A., Allard, R.W., Ribosomal DNA spacer length polymorphism in barley: Mendelian inheritance, chromosomal location, and population dynamics (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 83, pp. 1757-1761(1998) SAS Language Guide for Personal Computers. Release 6.03 Ed., , SAS INSTITUTE, SAS Inst. Cary. NCSibov, S.T., Souza Jr., C.L., Garcia, A.A.F., Silva, A.R., Garcia, A.F., Mangolin, C.A., Benchimol, L.L., Souza, A.P., Molecular mapping in tropical maize (Zea mays L.) using microsattelite markers. 2. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for grain yield, plant height, ear height and grain moisture (2003) Hereditas, 139, pp. 107-115Smith, O.S., Smith, J.S.C., Bowen, S.L., Tenborg, R.A., Wall, S.J., Similarities among a group of elite inbreds as measured by pedigree, F 1 heterosis, and RFLPs (1990) Theor. Appl. Genet., 80, pp. 833-840Steel, R.G.D., Torrie, J.H., (1980) Principles and Procedures of Statistics. 2. Ed., 633p. , New York: McGraw HillVaz Patto, M.C., Satovic, Z., Pêgo, S., Fevereiro, P., Assessing the genetic diversity of Portuguese maize germoplasm using microsatellite markers (2004) Euphytica, 137, pp. 63-72Xia, X.C., Reif, J.C., Hoisington, D.A., Melchinger, A.E., Frisch, M., Warburton, M.L., Genetic diversity among CIMMYT maize inbred lines investigated with SSR markers (2004) Crop Sci., 44, pp. 2230-2237Xu, S., Liu, J., Liu, G., The use of SSRs for predicting the hybrid yield and yield heterosis in 15 key inbred lines of Chinese maize (2004) Hereditas, 141, pp. 207-21

Noise-robust method for image segmentation

Segmentation of noisy images is one of the most challenging problems in image analysis and any improvement of segmentation methods can highly influence the performance of many image processing applications. In automated image segmentation, the fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering has been widely used because of its ability to model uncertainty within the data, applicability to multi-modal data and fairly robust behaviour. However, the standard FCM algorithm does not consider any information about the spatial linage context and is highly sensitive to noise and other imaging artefacts. Considering above mentioned problems, we developed a new FCM-based approach for the noise-robust fuzzy clustering and we present it in this paper. In this new iterative algorithm we incorporated both spatial and feature space information into the similarity measure and the membership function. We considered that spatial information depends on the relative location and features of the neighbouring pixels. The performance of the proposed algorithm is tested on synthetic image with different noise levels and real images. Experimental quantitative and qualitative segmentation results show that our method efficiently preserves the homogeneity of the regions and is more robust to noise than other FCM-based methods

The presence of the Y181C mutation in HIV-1 group O strains is clade dependant

International audienc

Ethyl 2-[(carbamothioyl­amino)­imino]­propano­ate

The title compound, C6H11N3O2S, consists of a roughly planar mol­ecule (r.m.s deviation from planarity = 0.077 Å for the non-H atoms) and has the S atom in an anti position to the imine N atom. This N atom is the acceptor of a strongly bent inter­nal N—H⋯N hydrogen bond donated by the amino group. In the crystal, mol­ecules are arranged in undulating layers parallel to (010). The mol­ecules are linked via inter­molecular amino–carboxyl N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming chains parallel to [001]. The chains are cross-linked by Ncarbazone—H⋯S and C—H⋯S inter­actions, forming infinite sheets

New pathway to bypass the 15O waiting point

We propose the sequential reaction process $^{15}$O($p$,$\gamma)(\beta^{+}$)$^{16}$O as a new pathway to bypass of the $^{15}$O waiting point. This exotic reaction is found to have a surprisingly high cross section, approximately 10$^{10}$ times higher than the $^{15}$O($p$,$\beta^{+}$)$^{16}$O. These cross sections were calculated after precise measurements of energies and widths of the proton-unbound $^{16}$F low lying states, obtained using the H($^{15}$O,p)$^{15}$O reaction. The large $(p,\gamma)(\beta^{+})$ cross section can be understood to arise from the more efficient feeding of the low energy wing of the ground state resonance by the gamma decay. The implications of the new reaction in novae explosions and X-ray bursts are discussed.Comment: submitte