7,995 research outputs found
Homogeneous comparison of planet candidates imaged directly until 2008
We present a compilation of the planet candidates currently known from direct
imaging. We have gathered available data from the literature and derive the
luminosity of all candidates in a homogeneous way using a bolometric
correction, the distances and the K band magnitudes of the objects. In a final
step we find the masses of the candidates from a comparison of the luminosity
or, if not available, an absolute brightness and several well known hot-start
evolutionary models.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, Proceedings of the 2nd Subaru International
Conference on Exoplanets and Disks: Their Formation and Diversity, Keauhou -
Hawaii - USA, 9-12 March 2009; 2nd version: Several typos correcte
Optical Spatial integration methods for ambiguity function generation
A coherent optical spatial integration approach to ambiguity function generation is described. It uses one dimensional acousto-optic Bragg cells as input tranducers in conjunction with a space variant linear phase shifter, a passive optical element, to generate the two dimensional ambiguity function in one exposure. Results of a real time implementation of this system are shown
Quantum Phonon Optics: Coherent and Squeezed Atomic Displacements
In this paper we investigate coherent and squeezed quantum states of phonons.
The latter allow the possibility of modulating the quantum fluctuations of
atomic displacements below the zero-point quantum noise level of coherent
states. The expectation values and quantum fluctuations of both the atomic
displacement and the lattice amplitude operators are calculated in these
states---in some cases analytically. We also study the possibility of squeezing
quantum noise in the atomic displacement using a polariton-based approach.Comment: 6 pages, RevTe
Phonon Universal Transmission Fluctuations and Localization in Semiconductor Superlattices with a Controlled Degree of Order
We study both analytically and numerically phonon transmission fluctuations
and localization in partially ordered superlattices with correlations among
neighboring layers. In order to generate a sequence of layers with a varying
degree of order we employ a model proposed by Hendricks and Teller as well as
partially ordered versions of deterministic aperiodic superlattices. By
changing a parameter measuring the correlation among adjacent layers, the
Hendricks- Teller superlattice exhibits a transition from periodic ordering,
with alterna- ting layers, to the phase separated opposite limit; including
many intermediate arrangements and the completely random case. In the partially
ordered versions of deterministic superlattices, there is short-range order
(among any conse- cutive layers) and long range disorder, as in the N-state
Markov chains. The average and fluctuations in the transmission, the
backscattering rate, and the localization length in these multilayered systems
are calculated based on the superlattice structure factors we derive
analytically. The standard deviation of the transmission versus the average
transmission lies on a {\it universal\/} curve irrespective of the specific
type of disorder of the SL. We illustrate these general results by applying
them to several GaAs-AlAs superlattices for the proposed experimental
observation of phonon universal transmission fluctuations.Comment: 16-pages, Revte
Deep Chandra Observation of the Pulsar Wind Nebula Powered by the Pulsar J1846-0258 in the Supernova Remnant Kes 75
We present the results of detailed spatial and spectral analysis of the
pulsar wind nebula (PWN) in supernova remnant Kes 75 (G29.7-0.3) using a deep
exposure with Chandra X-ray observatory. The PWN shows a complex morphology
with clear axisymmetric structure. We identified a one-sided jet and two bright
clumps aligned with the overall nebular elongation, and an arc-like feature
perpendicular to the jet direction. Further spatial modeling with a torus and
jet model indicates a position angle 207\arcdeg\pm8 \arcdeg for the PWN
symmetry axis. We interpret the arc as an equatorial torus or wisp and the
clumps could be shock interaction between the jets and the surrounding medium.
The lack of any observable counter jet implies a flow velocity larger than
0.4c. Comparing to an archival observation 6 years earlier, some small-scale
features in the PWN demonstrate strong variability: the flux of the inner jet
doubles and the peak of the northern clump broadens and shifts 2" outward. In
addition, the pulsar flux increases by 6 times, showing substantial spectral
softening from =1.1 to 1.9 and an emerging thermal component which was
not observed in the first epoch. The changes in the pulsar spectrum are likely
related to the magnetar-like bursts of the pulsar that occurred 7 days before
the Chandra observation, as recently reported from RXTE observations.Comment: Accepted by ApJ, 8 figures, some of them have been scaled down in
resolutio
Mean-Field Interacting Boson Random Point Fields in Weak Harmonic Traps
A model of the mean-field interacting boson gas trapped by a weak harmonic
potential is considered by the \textit{boson random point fields} methods. We
prove that in the Weak Harmonic Trap (WHT) limit there are two phases
distinguished by the boson condensation and by a different behaviour of the
local particle density. For chemical potentials less than a certain critical
value, the resulting Random Point Field (RPF) coincides with the usual boson
RPF, which corresponds to a non-interacting (ideal) boson gas. For the chemical
potentials greater than the critical value, the boson RPF describes a divergent
(local) density, which is due to \textit{localization} of the macroscopic
number of condensed particles. Notice that it is this kind of transition that
observed in experiments producing the Bose-Einstein Condensation in traps
Chandra observation of the central galaxies in A1060 cluster of galaxies
Chandra observation of the central region of the A1060 cluster of galaxies
resolved X-ray emission from two giant elliptical galaxies, NGC 3311 and NGC
3309. The emission from these galaxies consists of two components, namely the
hot interstellar medium (ISM) and the low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs). We found
the spatial extent of the ISM component was much smaller than that of stars for
both galaxies, while the ratios of X-ray to optical blue-band luminosities were
rather low but within the general scatter for elliptical galaxies. After
subtracting the LMXB component, the ISM is shown to be in pressure balance with
the intracluster medium of A1060 at the outer boundary of the ISM. These
results imply that the hot gas supplied from stellar mass loss is confined by
the external pressure of the intracluster medium, with the thermal conduction
likely to be suppressed. The cD galaxy NGC 3311 does not exhibit the extended
potential structure which is commonly seen in bright elliptical galaxies, and
we discuss the possible evolution history of the very isothermal cluster A1060.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures, Latex2e(emulateapj5), accepted in Ap
The dynamically hot stellar halo around NGC 3311: a small cluster-dominated central galaxy
An important open question is the relation between intracluster light and the
halos of central galaxies in galaxy clusters. Here we report results from an on
going project with the aim to characterize the dynamical state in the core of
the Hydra I (Abell 1060) cluster around NGC 3311. Methods: We analyze deep
long-slit absorption line spectra reaching out to ~25 kpc in the halo of NGC
3311. Results: We find a very steep increase in the velocity dispersion profile
from a central sigma_0=150 km/s to sigma_out ~450 km/s at R ~ 12 kpc. Farther
out, to ~25 kpc, sigma appears to be constant at this value, which is ~60% of
the velocity dispersion of the Hydra I galaxies. With its dynamically hot halo
kinematics, NGC 3311 is unlike other normal early-type galaxies. Conclusions:
These results and the large amount of dark matter inferred from X-rays around
NGC 3311 suggest that the stellar halo of this galaxy is dominated by the
central intracluster stars of the cluster, and that the transition from
predominantly galaxy-bound stars to cluster stars occurs in the radial range 4
to 12 kpc from the center of NGC 3311. We comment on the wide range of halo
kinematics observed in cluster central galaxies, depending on the evolutionary
state of their host clusters.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in A&
Inclusive pion double charge exchange on O-16 above the delta resonance
The forward inclusive pion double charge exchange reaction,
^{16}O(pi^-,pi^+)X, at T_0 = 0.50 and 0.75 GeV has been studied in the
kinematical region where an additional pion production is forbidden by
energy-momentum conservation. The experiment was performed with the SKS
spectrometer at KEK PS. The measured ratio of double charge exchange
cross-section for these energies dsigma(0.50 GeV)/dOmega / dsigma(0.75
GeV)/dOmega = 1.7 +/- 0.2, disagrees with the value of 7.2 predicted within the
conventional sequential single charge exchange mechanism. Possible reasons for
the disagreement are discussed in connection with the Glauber inelastic
rescatterings.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
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