28 research outputs found

    Digital algorithms polarization-holographic 3D layered mapping of microscopic images of polymere films in polygraphic production

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    Scientific work presents systematized data of original experi-mental research of diagnostic efficiency of multiparametric(using polarizing mathematical fourth order β€” Stokes vector)layer-by-layer three-dimensional laser Stokes-polarimetriccoordinate digital mapping of a series of microscopic polariza-tion-filtered images of coordinate distributions of random va-lues of parameters of azimuth (the plane angle of oscillation of the laser electric intensity vector) and ellipticity (eccen-tricity of the laser coherent electric intensity vector trajec-tory) of a set of optically anisotropic diffuse samples, in which multiple interaction of laser radiation and op-tical inhomogeneities takes place.Π’ Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ– прСдставлСно систСматизовані Π΄Π°Π½Ρ– ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³Ρ–Π½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»Ρ–Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ діагностичної СфСктивності Π±Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ (Π· використанням поляризаційногоматСматичного Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ порядку β€” Π²Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° Бтокса) ΠΏΠΎ-ΡˆΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠΌΡ–Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π°Π·Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ стоксово-поляримС-Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ†ΠΈΡ„Ρ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ відобраТСння сСрії мікроскопічних Π·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ Ρ–Π· поляризаційним Ρ„Ρ–Π»ΡŒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡ€Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΈ Ρ…Ρ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ–Π»Ρ–Π² Π²ΠΈΠΏΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ–Π² Π°Π·ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡ‚Π°(плоского ΠΊΡƒΡ‚Π° коливань Π²Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡ— напруТСності Π»Π°Π·Π΅Ρ€Π°) Ρ‚Π° Сліптичності (СксцСнтриситСту Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ”ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ–Ρ— ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡ— напруТСності Π»Π°Π·Π΅Ρ€Π°) Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ Π°Π½Ρ–Π·ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΈΡ„ΡƒΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ… Π·Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΊΡ–Π², Π² яких ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ½Π½Π° взаємодія, ΠΌΠ°Ρ” місцС Π»Π°Π·Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΈΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡ–Π½ΡŽΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Ρ‚Π° ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ– нСоднорідності

    Differential Mueller matrix imaging of partially depolarizing optically anisotropic biological tissues

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    Since recently, a number of innovative polarization-based optical imaging modalities have been introduced and extensively used in various biomedical applications, with an ultimate aim to attain the practical tool for the optical biopsy and functional characterization of biological tissues. The techniques utilize polarization properties of light and Mueller matrix mapping of microscopic images of histological sections of biological tissues or polycrystalline films of biological fluids. The main drawback of currently developed laser polarimetry approaches and Mueller matrix mapping techniques is poor reproducibility of experimental data. This is due to azimuthal dependence of polarization and ellipticity values of most matrix elements to sample orientation in respect to incidence light polarization. Current study aims to generalize the methods of laser polarimetry for diagnosis of partially depolarizing optically anisotropic biological tissues. A method of differential Mueller matrix mapping for reconstruction of linear and circular birefringence and dichroism parameter distributions of partially depolarizing layers of biological tissues of different morphological structure is introduced and practically implemented. The coordinate distributions of the value of the first-order differential matrix elements of histological sections of brain tissue with spatially structured, optically anisotropic fibrillar network, as well as of parenchymatous tissue of the rectum wall with an β€œislet” polycrystalline structure are determined. Within the statistical analysis of polarization reproduced distributions of the averaged parameters of phase and amplitude anisotropy, the significant sensitivity of the statistical moments of the third and fourth orders to changes in the polycrystalline structure of partially depolarizing layers of biological tissue is observed. The differentiation of female reproductive sphere connective tissue is realized with excellent accuracy. The differential Mueller matrix mapping method for reconstruction of distributions of linear and circular birefringence and dichroism parameters of partially depolarizing layers of biological tissues of different morphological structures is proposed and substantiated. Differential diagnostics of changes in the phase (good balanced accuracy) and amplitude (excellent balanced accuracy) of the anisotropy of the partially depolarizing layers of the vagina wall tissue with prolapse of the genitals is realized. The maximum diagnostic efficiency of the first-order differential matrix method was demonstrated in comparison with the traditional methods of polarization and Mueller matrix mapping of histological sections of light-scattering biological tissues

    Biomedical applications of Jones-matrix tomography to polycrystalline films of biological fluids

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    Algorithms for reconstruction of linear and circular birefringence-dichroism of optically thin anisotropic biological layers are presented. The technique of Jones-matrix tomography of polycrystalline films of biological fluids of various human organs has been developed and experimentally tested. The coordinate distributions of phase and amplitude anisotropy of bile films and synovial fluid taken from the knee joint are determined and statistically analyzed. Criteria (statistical moments of 3rd and 4th orders) of differential diagnostics of early stages of cholelithiasis and septic arthritis of the knee joint with excellent balanced accuracy were determined. Data on the diagnostic efficiency of the Jones-matrix tomography method for polycrystalline plasma (liver disease), urine (albuminuria) and cytological smears (cervical cancer) are presented

    Differential Mueller matrix imaging of partially depolarizing optically anisotropic biological tissues

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    Since recently, a number of innovative polarization-based optical imaging modalities have been introduced and extensively used in various biomedical applications, with an ultimate aim to attain the practical tool for the optical biopsy and functional characterization of biological tissues. The techniques utilize polarization properties of light and Mueller matrix mapping of microscopic imagesof histological sectionsof biological tissues or polycrystalline films ofbiologicalfluids. The main drawback of currently developed laser polarimetry approaches and Mueller matrix mapping techniques is poor reproducibility of experi-mental data. This is due to azimuthal dependence of polarization and ellipticity values of most matrix elements to sample orientation in respect to incidence light polarization. Current study aims to generalize the methods of laser polarimetry for diagnosis of partially depolarizing optically anisotropic biological tissues. A method of differential Mueller matrix mapping for reconstruction of linear and circular birefringence and dichroism parameter distributions of partially depolarizing layers of biological tissues of different morphological structure is introduced and practically implemented. The coordinate distributions of the value of the first-order differential matrix elements of histological sections of brain tissue with spatially structured, optically anisotropic fibrillar network, as well as of parenchymatous tissue of the rectum wall with an β€œislet” polycrystalline structure are determined. Within the statistical analysis of polarization reproduced distributions of the averaged parameters of phase and amplitude anisotropy, the significant sensitivity of the statistical moments of the third and fourth orders to changes in the polycrystalline structure of partially depolarizing layers of biological tissue is observed. The differentiation of female reproductive sphere connective tissue is realized with excellent accuracy. The differential Mueller matrix mapping method for reconstruction of distributions of linear and circular birefringence and dichroism parameters of partially depolarizing layers of biological tissues of different morphological structures is proposed and substantiated. Differential diagnostics of changes in the phase (good balanced accuracy) and amplitude (excellent balanced accuracy) of the anisotropy of the partially depolarizing layers of the vagina wall tissue with prolapse of the genital sisrealized. The maximum diagnostic efficiency of the first-order differential matrix method was demonstrated in comparison with the traditional methods of polarization and Mueller matrix mapping of histological sections of light-scattering biological tissues

    Isomorphic diffuse glioma is a morphologically and molecularly distinct tumour entity with recurrent gene fusions of MYBL1 or MYB and a benign disease course

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    The β€œisomorphic subtype of diffuse astrocytoma” was identified histologically in 2004 as a supratentorial, highly differentiated glioma with low cellularity, low proliferation and focal diffuse brain infiltration. Patients typically had seizures since childhood and all were operated on as adults. To define the position of these lesions among brain tumours, we histologically, molecularly and clinically analysed 26 histologically prototypical isomorphic diffuse gliomas. Immunohistochemically, they were GFAP-positive, MAP2-, OLIG2- and CD34-negative, nuclear ATRX-expression was retained and proliferation was low. All 24 cases sequenced were IDH-wildtype. In cluster analyses of DNA methylation data, isomorphic diffuse gliomas formed a group clearly distinct from other glial/glio-neuronal brain tumours and normal hemispheric tissue, most closely related to paediatric MYB/MYBL1-altered diffuse astrocytomas and angiocentric gliomas. Half of the isomorphic diffuse gliomas had copy number alterations of MYBL1 or MYB (13/25, 52%). Gene fusions of MYBL1 or MYB with various gene partners were identified in 11/22 (50%) and were associated with an increased RNA-expression of the respective MYB-family gene. Integrating copy number alterations and available RNA sequencing data, 20/26 (77%) of isomorphic diffuse gliomas demonstrated MYBL1 (54%) or MYB (23%) alterations. Clinically, 89% of patients were seizure-free after surgery and all had a good outcome. In summary, we here define a distinct benign tumour class belonging to the family of MYB/MYBL1-altered gliomas. Isomorphic diffuse glioma occurs both in children and adults, has a concise morphology, frequent MYBL1 and MYB alterations and a specific DNA methylation profile. As an exclusively histological diagnosis may be very challenging and as paediatric MYB/MYBL1-altered diffuse astrocytomas may have the same gene fusions, we consider DNA methylation profiling very helpful for their identification

    DNA methylation-based classification of central nervous system tumours.

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    Accurate pathological diagnosis is crucial for optimal management of patients with cancer. For the approximately 100 known tumour types of the central nervous system, standardization of the diagnostic process has been shown to be particularly challenging-with substantial inter-observer variability in the histopathological diagnosis of many tumour types. Here we present a comprehensive approach for the DNA methylation-based classification of central nervous system tumours across all entities and age groups, and demonstrate its application in a routine diagnostic setting. We show that the availability of this method may have a substantial impact on diagnostic precision compared to standard methods, resulting in a change of diagnosis in up to 12% of prospective cases. For broader accessibility, we have designed a free online classifier tool, the use of which does not require any additional onsite data processing. Our results provide a blueprint for the generation of machine-learning-based tumour classifiers across other cancer entities, with the potential to fundamentally transform tumour pathology

    ΠžΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° спСктроскопія Π² ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ–ΠΉ діагностиці

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    In this review we consider the possibility of optical spectroscopy techniques, namely: optical tomography,Β optical coherent tomography, polarization-sensitive optical coherent tomography, Raman spectroscopy and photoacousticΒ tomography. The physical basis of optical diagnostic techniques is the interaction of light with matter, allowing of obtainingΒ structural, biochemical, morphological and physiological information as a result of absorption, scattering, reflection of electromagneticΒ radiation in the optical range. The advantages of these methods, such as non-invasiveness, absence of side effects,Β contactlessness, high sensitivity, and high resolution are keys to their success in medical diagnostics.Π’ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π΅ рассмотрСны возмоТности ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² оптичСской спСктроскопии, Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ: оптичСской Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΈ, оптичСской ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΈ, поляризационно Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ оптичСской ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΈ, Рамановской спСктроскопии ΠΈ фотоакустичСской Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΈ. ЀизичСской основой оптичСских диагностичСских ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² являСтся взаимодСйствиС свСта с вСщСством, Π½Π° основС Ρ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ стало Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΒ ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΡƒΡŽ, Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ…ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ, ΠΌΠΎΡ€Ρ„ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΈ Ρ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ поглощСния, рассСяния, отраТСния элСктромагнитного излучСния оптичСского Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°. ΠŸΡ€Π΅ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²Π° этих ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Β (Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, отсутствиС ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… эффСктов, Π±Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, высокиС Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅) стали залогом ΠΈΡ… успСха Π² мСдицинской диагностикС.Π£ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ огляді розглянуто моТливості окрСмих ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ–Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡ— спСктроскопії, Π° самС: ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡ— Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„Ρ–Ρ—, ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡ— ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΡ— Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„Ρ–Ρ—, поляризаційно Ρ‡ΡƒΡ‚Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ— ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡ— ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΡ— Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„Ρ–Ρ—,Β Π Π°ΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ–Π²ΡΡŒΠΊΠΎΡ— спСктроскопії Ρ‚Π° фотоакустичної Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„Ρ–Ρ—. Π€Ρ–Π·ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡŽ основою ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… діагностичних ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ–Π² Ρ” взаємодія світла Π· Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡŽ, Π½Π° основі Ρ‡ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ стало моТливим ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ структурну, Π±Ρ–ΠΎΡ…Ρ–ΠΌΡ–Ρ‡Π½Ρƒ, ΠΌΠΎΡ€Ρ„ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½Ρƒ Ρ‚Π° Ρ„Ρ–Π·Ρ–ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½Ρƒ Ρ–Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†Ρ–ΡŽ як Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ поглинання, Ρ€ΠΎΠ·ΡΡ–ΡŽΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ, відбивання Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π³Π½Ρ–Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΒ Π²ΠΈΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡ–Π½ΡŽΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Ρ–Π°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρƒ. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π°Π³ΠΈ Ρ†ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ–Π² (Π±Π΅Π·ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Β Ρ‡ΡƒΡ‚Π»ΠΈΠ²Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π° Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π΄Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½Π° Π·Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π½Π΅Ρ–Π½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π²Ρ–Π΄ΡΡƒΡ‚Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ±Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ–Π²) стали Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠΊΠΎΡŽ Ρ—Ρ… успіху Π²Β ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ–ΠΉ діагностиці

    ІНВАГІНАЦІЙНІ Π’ΠžΠ’Π‘Π’ΠžΠšΠ˜Π¨ΠšΠžΠ’Π† ΠΠΠΠ‘Π’ΠžΠœΠžΠ—Π˜

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    The purpose of work is to present the own method of invagination of transverso-sigmoanastomosis in colon cancer. To review foreign literature concerning the use of these types of operations for the last 5 years.Material and methods. The types of anastomoses following the left-side gemicolonectomy have been analyzed at the Chernivtsi Clinical Oncology Center for the last 5 years (from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2017). The articles and abstracts in English-language foreign journals for the last 5 years concerning the invagination of large intestinal anastomoses, by keywords, have been analyzed.Results. The original method of invagination transversosigmoanastomosis Β end-to-side at tumors of the left side of the Β colon has been described. The technique of operation Stump of the sigmoid intestine is closed by the blanket uninterrupted suture and is invaginated by purse-string suture.Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Uninterrupted seromuscular suture between the transverse colon and sigmoid one is placed 5-6 mm below the closed stump of the sigmoid intestine. 2 mm below this suture the wall of the sigmoid intestine is dissected in transversal direction and transverse colon stump is invaginated into sigmoid intestine lumen. Then the walls of two guts are united again by uninterrupted suture. Anterior and posterior layers of interrupted seromuscular sutures are placed. In general 5-6 mm of the seromuscular coats of both organs are captures into uninterrupted and interrupted sutures. Оperations were performed in 9 patients. Operations are technically simple, complications were not observed.Conclusion. The transversosigmoanastomosis of invagination is modeled from end to side according to the technique developed by us - a safe and simple surgical intervention. Anastomosis is applied below the stump of the sigmoid colon in the zones of guaranteed blood supply.ЦСль Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ - ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΡƒ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π³ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ трансвСрзо-сигмоанастомоза ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ΅ толстой кишки. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π·Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ ΠΏΠΎ использованию Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ Π·Π° послСдниС 5 Π»Π΅Ρ‚.ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ‹ анастомозов послС лСвостороннСй гСмиколонэктомия Π² Π§Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ†ΠΊΠΎΠΌ клиничСском онкологичСском диспансСрС Π·Π° послСдниС 5 Π»Π΅Ρ‚ (с 1 января 2012 ΠΏΠΎ 31 дСкабря 2017 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°). ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ ΠΈ тСзисы Π² англоязычных Π·Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°Ρ… Π·Π° послСдниС 5 Π»Π΅Ρ‚, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π³ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ… толсто ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… анастомозов, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ словам.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. Описан ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ способ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π³ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ трансвСрзосигмоанастомоза ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ† Π² Π±ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ опухолях Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ толстой кишки. ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠšΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Ρ сигмовидной кишки закрываСтся ΠΎΠ±Π²ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ швом, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ погруТаСтся кисСтным швом. На 5-6 см Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈ сигмовидной кишки накладываСтся Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΡΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ шов ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ кишкой ΠΈ сигмовидной кишкой. На 2 ΠΌΠΌ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ этого шва  рассСкаСтся Π² ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ стСнка сигмовидной кишки ΠΈ Π² просвСт сигмовиднй кишки погруТаСтся ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ кишки. Π”Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ спСрСди стСнки ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΈΡ… кишок снова ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΡˆΠ²ΠΎΠΌΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΉ ряд ΡƒΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΡΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… швов. Π’ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ ΡƒΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ ΡˆΠ²Ρ‹ Π·Π°Ρ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎ 5-6 ΠΌΠΌ ΡΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ².Π—Π° послСдниС 5 Π»Π΅Ρ‚ Π² Π§Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ†ΠΊΠΎΠΌ онкодиспансСрС трансСрзосигмоанастомозы Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρƒ 19 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρƒ 9 Π·Π° ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π³ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ† Π² Π±ΠΎΠΊ. ΠžΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ тСхничСски простыС, ослоТнСний Π½Π΅ наблюдалось.Π’Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄. ВрансвСрзосигмоанастомоз ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π³ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ† Π² сторону ΠΏΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ - бСзопасноС ΠΈ простоС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ. Анастомоз накладываСтся Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈ сигмовидной кишки Π² Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ… Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ кровоснабТСния.ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚Π° Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈ - прСдставити власну ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΡƒ Ρ–Π½Π²Π°Π³Ρ–Π½Π°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ трансвСрзо-сигмоанастомозу ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡƒ товстої кишки. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π·ΡƒΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Π·Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Ρ–ΠΆΠ½Ρƒ Π»Ρ–Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ Ρ‰ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎ використання Ρ†ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ–Π² ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉ Π·Π° останні 5 Ρ€ΠΎΠΊΡ–Π².ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π» Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ– Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈ анастомозів після Π»Ρ–Π²ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ½Π½ΡŒΠΎΡ— Π³Π΅ΠΌΡ–ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡ–Ρ— Π² Π§Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ–Π²Π΅Ρ†ΡŒΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΊΠ»Ρ–Π½Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ диспансСрі Π·Π° останні 5 Ρ€ΠΎΠΊΡ–Π² (Π· 1 січня 2012 ΠΏΠΎ 31 грудня 2017 Ρ€ΠΎΠΊΡƒ). ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ– статті Ρ– Ρ‚Π΅Π·ΠΈ Π² Π°Π½Π³Π»ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ… Π·Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Ρ–ΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡ… ΠΆΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π»Π°Ρ… Π·Π° останні 5 Ρ€ΠΎΠΊΡ–Π², Ρ‰ΠΎ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Ρ–Π½Π²Π°Π³Ρ–Π½Π°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ… товсто ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… анастомозів,Β  Π·Π° ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠΈ словами.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ. Описаний ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³Ρ–Π½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΉ спосіб Ρ–Π½Π²Π°Π³Ρ–Π½Π°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ трансвСрзо-сигмоанастомозу ΠΊΡ–Π½Π΅Ρ†ΡŒ Ρƒ Π±Ρ–ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡƒΡ…Π»ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ… Π»Ρ–Π²ΠΎΡ— ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ товстої кишки. ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° Ρ–Π½Π²Π°Π³Ρ–Π½Π°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ анастомозу, яка Π·Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡ”Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² Π½Π°ΡˆΡ–ΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Ρ–Π½Ρ–Ρ†Ρ–, полягає Π² наступному: куксу сигмовидної кишки Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ”ΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π²ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΌ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ€Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌ швом,Β  який Π·Π°Π½ΡƒΡ€ΡŽΡ”ΠΌΠΎ Π² кисСтний шов Π½Π° 5-6 см. Π½ΠΈΠΆΡ‡Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ— кукси, Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π°Ρ”ΠΌΠΎ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ€Π²Π½ΠΈΠΉ сСрозном'язовий шов ΠΌΡ–ΠΆ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡŽ кишкою Ρ– сигмовидною кишкою. На 2 ΠΌΠΌ Π½ΠΈΠΆΡ‡Π΅ Ρ†ΡŒΠΎΠ³ΠΎ шва розсікаємо  Π² ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ напрямі стінку сигмовидної кишки Ρ– Π² просвіт сигмовидної кишки Π·Π°Π½ΡƒΡ€ΡŽΡ”ΠΌΠΎ куксу ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ— кишки. Π”Π°Π»Ρ– спСрСду стінки ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ… кишок Π·Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρƒ Π·'Ρ”Π΄Π½ΡƒΡ”ΠΌΠΎ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ€Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌ швом. Накладаємо ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π½Ρ–ΠΉ Ρ– Π·Π°Π΄Π½Ρ–ΠΉ ряди Π²ΡƒΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… сСрозном'язових ΡˆΠ²Ρ–Π². Π‘Ρ…Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π½Π°ΡˆΠΎΡ— ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— прСдставлСна Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŽΠ½ΠΊΠ°Ρ… 1-2. Π—Π°Π³Π°Π»ΠΎΠΌ Ρƒ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ€Π²Π½Ρ– Ρ– Π²ΡƒΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ²Ρ– шви Π·Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠΏΠ»ΡŽΡ”ΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ 5-6 ΠΌΠΌ сСрозном'язових ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Ρ–Π².Π—Π° останні 5 Ρ€ΠΎΠΊΡ–Π² Ρƒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ…Ρ–Ρ€ΡƒΡ€Π³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π²Ρ–Π΄Π΄Ρ–Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ– Π§ΠžΠšΠžΠ” трансвСрзосигмоанастомози Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π½Ρ– Ρƒ 19 Ρ…Π²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ…,Β  Π· Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρƒ 9 Π·Π° ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³Ρ–Π½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡŽ Ρ–Π½Π²Π°Π³Ρ–Π½Π°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡŽΒ  ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡŽ. ΠžΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ прості, ΡƒΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½Π΅Π½ΡŒ Π½Π΅ спостСрігали.Висновок. ВрансвСрзосигмоанастомоз Ρ–Π½Π²Π°Π³Ρ–Π½Π°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π·Π° Π·Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΡ–Π½Π΅Ρ†ΡŒ Ρƒ Π±Ρ–ΠΊ Π·Π° Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎΡŽ Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡŽ – Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π½Π΅ Ρ– простС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Π΅ втручання. Анастомоз Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π°Ρ”Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½ΠΈΠΆΡ‡Π΅ кукси сигмовидної кишки Π² Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ… Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ кровопостачання.

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    Important Elements ΠΎf Mathematical Education ΠΎf Medical Students.

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    Π£ статті розглянуто ряд ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… напрямків, для яких особливо Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ– ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ– знання. ΠœΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ– напрямки використання ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… знань прСдставлСні Π·Π° Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π·Ρƒ ряду дисциплін, які Π²ΠΈΠ²Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π·Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠ²Π°Ρ‡Π°ΠΌΠΈ освіти Ρ€Ρ–Π·Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†Ρ–Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΉ Π³Π°Π»ΡƒΠ·Ρ– знань 22 Β«ΠžΡ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ½Π° здоров’я» Ρ‚Π° Ρ€Ρ–Π²Π½Ρ–Π² (Π±Π°ΠΊΠ°Π»Π°Π²Ρ€ΡΡŒΠΊΠΈΠΉ, ΠΌΠ°Π³Ρ–ΡΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΡΡŒΠΊΠΈΠΉ, Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ філософії) Ρ– дСяких напрямків ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡ— Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈ Π»Ρ–ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ–Π² Ρ€Ρ–Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Ρ–Π»ΡŽ Ρ‚Π° Π½Π°ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ†Ρ–Π² Ρƒ Π³Π°Π»ΡƒΠ·Ρ– ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ. Використано Ρ‚Π΅ΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΉ (Π°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π· Π½Π°ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π», власний ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΉ досвід) Ρ‚Π° частково Π΅ΠΌΠΏΡ–Ρ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΉ (ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½Π΅ спостСрСТСння) ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ дослідТСння. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π° Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡ… Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π΄Ρ–Π»Ρ–Π² курсу ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ: Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈ числСння, ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π° Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ„Ρ–ΠΊΡ–Π² Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†Ρ–ΠΉ, Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΎΡ€Ρ–Ρ— ймовірностСй Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡ— статистики, Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ†Ρ–Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‚Π° Ρ–Π½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ числСння. ΠŸΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π»Ρ–ΠΊΠ°Ρ€ Ρ‚Ρ–Ρ”ΡŽ Ρ‡ΠΈ Ρ–Π½ΡˆΠΎΡŽ ΠΌΡ–Ρ€ΠΎΡŽ ΠΌΠ°Ρ” справу Π· читанням діагностичної Ρ–Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ—, яка Π²Ρ–Π΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ„Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ– описує Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡ–ΠΊΡƒ Π·ΠΌΡ–Π½ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ²Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ читання Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ„Ρ–ΠΊΡ–Π² - Π½Π°Π΄Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‡Π°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π° Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ²Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ– ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Одним Ρ–Π· ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡŽΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… Π·Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡƒΠ²Π°Π½ΡŒ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π² ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ– Ρ” використання Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ–Π² Ρ‚Π΅ΠΎΡ€Ρ–Ρ— ймовірностСй Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡ— статистики. Бтатистичні ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Ρ–Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ СфСктивності Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ–Π² Π»Ρ–ΠΊΡ–Π² Π°Π±ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… Π²Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π½ΡŒ Ρƒ порівнянні Π· Ρ–ΡΠ½ΡƒΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΈ, ΠΎΡ†Ρ–Π½ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΡ–Π² для ΠΏΠ°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ”Π½Ρ‚Ρ–Π², які ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Π²Π½Π΅ лікування, виявлСння узгодТСності Π² Π·ΠΌΡ–Π½Π°Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ–Π². Π•ΠΏΡ–Π΄Π΅ΠΌΡ–ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ часто для прогнозування процСсів ΠΏΠΎΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Ρ–Π½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†Ρ–ΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ модСлювання. НС мСнш Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ модСлювання Ρ” для Ρ„Π°Ρ€ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ—. ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ для діагностики ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… станів Ρ‚Π° Π·Π°Ρ…Π²ΠΎΡ€ΡŽΠ²Π°Π½ΡŒ, ΠΎΡΠΊΡ–Π»ΡŒΠΊΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ½Π° Ρ” Π³Π°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ– Ρ–Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„Ρ–ΠΊΠ°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— стану ΠΏΠ°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ”Π½Ρ‚Π°. НСмоТливо Π²ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Π±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΡˆ Ρ‡ΠΈ мСнш Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ– Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π΄Ρ–Π»ΠΈ, Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ взаємопов’язані Ρ– ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π±Π°Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ знань. Π’ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎ розуміння нСобхідності ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… знань ΠΌΠ°ΠΉΠ±ΡƒΡ‚Π½Ρ–ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Ρ– донСсСння Ρ†Ρ–Ρ”Ρ— Ρ–Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— Ρ€Ρ–Π·Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ–Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ засобами Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ…Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡƒΡ” ΠΏΠΎΠ² ’язати свою профСсійну Π΄Ρ–ΡΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π· ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡŽ.The article considers a number of medical fields where mathematical knowledge is especially relevant. Possible areas of use of mathematical knowledge are presented based on the analysis of a number of disciplines studied by students of different medical specialties in the field of knowledge 22 "Health care" and grade (bachelor, master, doctor of philosophy) and some areas of practice of physicians and scientists. Theoretical (analysis of scientific sources, own pedagogical experience) and partially empirical (pedagogical observation) research methods were used. The importance of separate sections of the course of mathematics is analyzed and argued: elements of calculus, graphical representation offunctions, elements of probability theory and mathematical statistics, elements of differential and integral calculus. Almost every doctor extent deals with reading of diagnostic information displayed graphically, it describes the dynamics of medical parameters, so reading of graphical dependences is an extremely important task in the study of mathematics. One of the widespread applications of mathematics in medicine is the use of elements of probability theory and mathematical statistics. Statistical methods helps to test the effectiveness of new drugs or medical procedures compared to existing ones, to assess the risks for patients undergoing certain treatments, to identify correlation presence etc. Epidemiologists often use elements of mathematical modeling to predict the spread of infections. Very important elements of mathematical modeling are for pharmacology. Mathematics is also important for the diagnosis of medical conditions and diseases, as it is a guarantee of correct identification of the patient's condition. It is impossible to specify more or less important sections; they are interconnected and imply continuity of knowledge. Therefore, it is important to understand the necessity of mathematical knowledge for future physicians and to convey this point in a variety of ways to anyone who associates their professional activities with medicine
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