A dispersion theoretical approach to the threshold amplitudes of pion photoproduction

We give predictions for the partial wave amplitudes of pion photoproduction near threshold by means of dispersion relations at fixed t. The free parameters of this approach are determined by a fit to experimental data in the energy range 160 MeV $\le E_{\gamma} \le$ 420 MeV. The observables near threshold are found to be rather sensitive to the amplitudes in the resonance region, in particular to the $\Delta$ (1232) and $N^*$ (1440). We obtain a good agreement with the existing threshold data for both charged and neutral pion production. Our predictions also agree well with the results of chiral perturbation theory, except for neutral pion production off the neutron.Comment: 16 pages LATEX including 4 postscript figure

Caracterização do ano causado por Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera, Tephritidae) em cultivares de videira.

A mosca-das-frutas sul-americana, Anastrepha fraterculus (Wledemann, 1830) (Diptera, Tephritidae), é a principal praga da fruticultura de clima temperado do sul do Brasil. Em relação à cultura da videira, poucas informações estão disponlveis sobre os danos causados pela praga, principalmente quando a cultura é destinada ao processamento. Neste trabalho foram caracterizadas as fases de suscetibilidade e a intensidade de injúrias causadas por A. fraterculus nas cultivares Cabemet Sauvlgnon e Moscato Embrapa.Resumo

The position and the residues of the delta resonance pole in pion photoproduction

We have analyzed the $M_{1+}^{(3/2)}$ and $E_{1+}^{(3/2)}$ multipole amplitudes of pion photoproduction in the framework of fixed-$t$ dispersion relations. Applying the speed plot technique to our results for these multipoles, we have determined the position and the residues of the $\Delta$ (1232) resonance pole. The pole is found at total $c.m.$ energy $W = (1211 - 50i)$ MeV on the second Riemann sheet, and the ratio of the electric and magnetic residues is $R_{\Delta} = - 0.035 - 0.046 i$, resulting in an E2/M1 ratio for the "dressed" delta resonance of $- 3.5 \%$.Comment: 16 pages LATEX including 5 postscript figures in a self-extracting uufile archiv

Predição do consumo de matéria seca de cabras leiteiras durante a gestação.

Resumo: O período da gestação é caracterizado por importantes mudanças fisiológicas no corpo materno tais como a diminuição da ingestão de alimento no último terço de gestação em fêmeas com gestação de múltiplos fetos. O objetivo desse estudo foi desenvolver modelos para predizer a ingestão de matéria seca (IMS) em cabras durante gestação simples e gemelar. Parar este estudo, foram usadas 1820 observações de IMS, obtidos diariamente a partir de sete cabras com gestação gemelar e seis cabras com gestação simples a partir do primeiro dia até os 140 dias de gestação. A IMS diária foi ajustada em três modelos não lineares, os quais foram avaliados através do critério de informação Bayesiana (BIC) como um indicador de melhor ajuste do modelo aos dados. O modelo que melhor se ajustou aos dados foi o modelo quadrático, com valor de BIC de 11549. Os interceptos e coeficientes de regressões do modelo quadrático utilizado para predição do IMS diário foram diferentes entre gestação simples e gemelar (P< 0.01). Comparado as cabras com gestação simples, as cabras com gestação gemelar tiveram maior decréscimo na IMS durante a gestação. Esse decréscimo na IMS em fêmeas com gestação gemelar se deve principalmente a mudanças hormonais e a maior compressão ruminal causada pelo maior tamanho de seus úteros grávidos. Os modelos desenvolvidos nesse estudo devem de ser considerados no manejo nutricional de cabras leiteiras durante a gestação. [Prediction of dry matter intake of dairy goats during pregnancy]. Abstract: The pregnancy is characterized by important physiological changes in maternal body such as a decrease on feed intake in the last third of pregnancy mainly in pregnancy of multiples fetuses. The objective of this study was to develop a model to predict the dry matter intake (DMI) of dairy goats carrying single and twin fetuses throughout pregnancy. For this study it was used a total of 1820 individual records of DMI from seven goats carrying twins and six goats carrying single fetuses. The DMI was daily recorded from the first up to 140 days of pregnancy. The daily DMI as a proportion of the average BW was fitted to tree non-linear models which were evaluated considering the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) value as an indicator how well the model fit the data. The best model fitting the data was the quadratic model with had BIC value of 11549. The intercepts and the slopes of the quadratic models used to predict the daily DMI were different between litter sizes (P < 0.01). Goats carrying twin fetuses showed a greater decrease in the DMI during pregnancy compared to goats carrying single fetus. The decrease of feed intake in females carrying twins may be mainly related to hormonal changes and a greatest rumen compression due to the biggest size of the gravid uterus. The models developed in this study may be relevant in the adoption of nutritional management of dairy goats during the pregnancy

Compton Scattering by the Proton using a Large-Acceptance Arrangement

Compton scattering by the proton has been measured using the tagged-photon facility at MAMI (Mainz) and the large-acceptance arrangement LARA. The new data are interpreted in terms of dispersion theory based on the SAID-SM99K parameterization of photo-meson amplitudes. It is found that two-pion exchange in the t-channel is needed for a description of the data in the second resonance region. The data are well represented if this channel is modeled by a single pole with mass parameter m(sigma)=600 MeV. The asymptotic part of the spin dependent amplitude is found to be well represented by pi-0-exchange in the t-channel. A backward spin-polarizability of gamma(pi)=(-37.1+-0.6(stat+syst)+-3.0(model))x10^{-4}fm^4 has been determined from data of the first resonance region below 455 MeV. This value is in a good agreement with predictions of dispersion relations and chiral pertubation theory. From a subset of data between 280 and 360 MeV the resonance pion-photoproduction amplitudes were evaluated leading to a E2/M1 multipole ratio of the p-to-Delta radiative transition of EMR(340 MeV)=(-1.7+-0.4(stat+syst)+-0.2(model))%. It was found that this number is dependent on the parameterization of photo-meson amplitudes. With the MAID2K parameterization an E2/M1 multipole ratio of EMR(340 MeV)=(-2.0+-0.4(stat+syst)+-0.2(model))% is obtained

Photoproduction of pi0-mesons from nuclei

Photoproduction of neutral pions from nuclei (carbon, calcium, niobium, lead) has been studied for incident photon energies from 200 MeV to 800 MeV with the TAPS detector using the Glasgow photon tagging spectrometer at the Mainz MAMI accelerator. Data were obtained for the inclusive photoproduction of neutral pions and the partial channels of quasifree single pi0, double pi0, and pi0pi+/- photoproduction. They have been analyzed in terms of the in-medium behavior of nucleon resonances and the pion - nucleus interaction. They are compared to earlier measurements from the deuteron and to the predictions of a Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (BUU) transport model for photon induced pion production from nuclei.Comment: 15 pages, 22 figures, accepted for publication in EPJ

The MentDis_ICF65+ study protocol: prevalence, 1-year incidence and symptom severity of mental disorders in the elderly and their relationship to impairment, functioning (ICF) and service utilisation.

Background: The EU currently lacks reliable data on the prevalence and incidence of mental disorders in older people. Despite the availability of several national and international epidemiological studies, the size and burden of mental disorders in the elderly remain unclear due to various reasons. Therefore, the aims of the MentDis_ICF65+ study are (1) to adapt existing assessment instruments, and (2) to collect data on the prevalence, the incidence, and the natural course and prognosis of mental disorders in the elderly. Method/design: Using a cross-sectional and prospective longitudinal design, this multi-centre study from six European countries and associated states (Germany, Great Britain, Israel, Italy, Spain, and Switzerland) is based on age-stratified, random samples of elderly people living in the community. The study program consists of three phases: (1) a methodological phase devoted primarily to the adaptation of age- and gender-specific assessment tools for older people (e.g., the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, CIDI) as well as psychometric evaluations including translation, back translation; (2) a baseline community study in all participating countries to assess the lifetime, 12 month and 1 month prevalence and comorbidity of mental disorders, including prior course, quality of life, health care utilization and helpseeking, impairments and participation and, (3) a 12 month follow-up of all baseline participants to monitor course and outcome as well as examine predictors. Discussion: The study is an essential step forward towards the further development and improvement of harmonised instruments for the assessment of mental disorders as well as the evaluation of activity impairment and participation in older adults. This study will also facilitate the comparison of cross-cultural results. These results will have bearing on mental health care in the EU and will offer a starting point for necessary structural changes to be initiated for mental health care policy at the level of mental health care politics

A three-talk model for shared decision making: multistage consultation process

© 2017 The Authors. Published by BMJ. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence. The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher’s website: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.j4891Objectives To revise an existing three-talk model for learning how to achieve shared decision making, and to consult with relevant stakeholders to update and obtain wider engagement. Design Multistage consultation process. Setting Key informant group, communities of interest, and survey of clinical specialties. Participants 19 key informants, 153 member responses from multiple communities of interest, and 316 responses to an online survey from medically qualified clinicians from six specialties. Results After extended consultation over three iterations, we revised the three-talk model by making changes to one talk category, adding the need to elicit patient goals, providing a clear set of tasks for each talk category, and adding suggested scripts to illustrate each step. A new three-talk model of shared decision making is proposed, based on “team talk,” “option talk,” and “decision talk,” to depict a process of collaboration and deliberation. Team talk places emphasis on the need to provide support to patients when they are made aware of choices, and to elicit their goals as a means of guiding decision making processes. Option talk refers to the task of comparing alternatives, using risk communication principles. Decision talk refers to the task of arriving at decisions that reflect the informed preferences of patients, guided by the experience and expertise of health professionals. Conclusions The revised three-talk model of shared decision making depicts conversational steps, initiated by providing support when introducing options, followed by strategies to compare and discuss trade-offs, before deliberation based on informed preferences