Comparing PSS Design Models Based on Content Analysis

AbstractThe combination of products and services in an integrated offer that delivers value through the provision of a required function is recognized as an important strategy for competitiveness and environmental perspectives. Despite its benefits, the design of a Product-Service System (PSS) is considered more challenging than the design of pure products and services. There are proposals of generic models of PSS design processes to support companies when creating their specific models. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the five most cited generic process models, addressing a level of granularity based on process activities, meanwhile other studies have mostly stopped at the phase level. It employed a content analysis approach to perform the comparative analysis. The results show that the analyzed process models prioritize activities related to “Conceptualization” and “Technical Development (Product, Service and Software, Integration)” categories of the PSS design. They also focus on different parts of these categories, being complementary to each other. Thus, this study suggests that companies should not choose only one of them as a reference to create its own PSS design process, but they should look for elements of different models that fit to their purposes and characteristics. At the end, perspectives for future research are discussed

Expeditious modelling of virtual urban environments with geospatial L-systems

This paper presents Geospatial L-systems, a new extension of L-systems that incorporates geospatial awareness, and shows an application of this new tool in the expeditious modelling of urban environments, integrated with a modelling system with interoperable access to data sources. L-systems have been used in Computer Graphics for the modelling of plants, and in a few experiments to model urban environments. However, the lack of geospatial awareness is a limitation and in spite of some developments like open l-systems introduced the ability to communicate with the environment, there was a need for more flexibility. A new modelling system, named XL3D, generates virtual urban environments automatically from a XL3D document with a modelling specification. This modelling system accesses data sources in a interoperable way and the modelling processes are based on L-systems. The integration of geospatial L-systems with the XL3D modelling system has increased its potential for automation and improved the potential to generate virtual urban environments with a higher level of detail and visual fidelity, with a lower level of complexity of the modelling processes. These facts are shown in a case study where a virtual urban environment taken from an area in the Porto downtown is generated by this solution

Geospatial Technologies Applied to International Boundaries – the Case Study of Guinea Bissau

Modern geospatial technologies applied to frontiers involve remote sensing data, namely satellite imagery, orthophoto or orthoimages, global navigation technology (GPS/GNSS), as well as Geographical Information System (GIS) tools, which have been used during the last decade for boundary delimitation, demarcation or revision. This paper intends to present the case study of Guinea Bissau boundary which was the first African Portuguese colonies to settle its boundaries. It was delimitated by a Franco– Portuguese convention signed in Paris on May 12, 1886, and ratified later in Lisbon, on August 31, 1887. The demarcation was completed between 1900 and 1905 and recorded in memoranda prepared by the commissioners. For historical reasons Tropical Research Institute (IICT) concentrates a unique, vast and diverse amount of information concerning the borders of those countries. The scope of this research is to explore new methodologies and approaches to study frontiers, making use of geospatial technologies. A Boundary Geographical Information System (BGIS) is being developed based on GIS technology which is a powerful tool to integrate various datasets, visualize, analyze and model spatial and territorial specificities. Historicaldiplomatic information will be articulated with the geospatial data, in order to be included into the geodatabase and to recover the location of the borderlines. The original analogue data was converted into digital format, and image processing techniques were applied to remove residual artifacts, improving the appearance of the documents and reducing storage volume. These methodologies prepared the images for the application of optical character recognition (OCR) before integrating them into the geodatabase. The main objective is to make this information useful and accessible, in a digital platform, to support local authorities, thus promoting cooperation and facilitating public access. The BGIS will be used for present and future management of Guinea Bissau boundaries and as an instrument for policy making

Tourism Bachelor’s Degree in Brazil: History and Paraná Federal University’s contributions

 As universidades têm como fundamento a construção e disseminação do conhecimento para a sociedade, formando profissionais e cidadãos nas diferentes áreas do saber. Nesta realidade a Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR, Curitiba, Brasil) se destaca na área do turismo, visto que o seu curso de bacharelado em turismo é um dos pioneiros do Brasil. Assim, diante da importância histórica da UFPR para o bacharelado em turismo no país, a pesquisa sócio-histórica sobre este curso possibilita uma contribuição para a história do ensino de graduação em turismo no Brasil. Dessa maneira, esta pesquisa teve por objetivo realizar uma investigação sócio-histórica sobre o curso de bacharelado em turismo da UFPR. Para tanto foi elaborado um marco teórico abordando o histórico do ensino de graduação em Turismo no Brasil bem como seus desafios e perspectivas. Na sequência os dados foram coletados por meio de pesquisa documental e as entrevistas foram verificadas pela análise de conteúdo. Como resultado observa-se que o curso de bacharelado em turismo da UFPR passou por diversas transformações em sua estrutura, especialmente na matriz curricular. Sua contribuição se faz presente por meio de centenas de egressos, diversos projetos vinculados à sociedade e pesquisas as quais geram novos conhecimentos na área do turismo.  Assim, a partir de uma percepção atenta ao mercado, crítica em relação à realidade sociocultural, visando uma formação integral, o curso alcança o seu reconhecimento. Universities are founded on the construction and dissemination of knowledge to society, graduating professionals and citizens in different areas of knowledge. In this reality, Paraná Federal University (UPFR) stands out in the field of tourism, since his bachelor degree in tourism is one of the pioneers of the country. Thus, given the historical importance of UFPR for the bachelor's degree in tourism in Brazil, the socio-historical research of this course provides a contribution to the history of undergraduate education in tourism in Brazil. Thus, this research aimed to conduct a socio-historical research on the bachelor degree in tourism in Paraná Federal University. For that goal it was elaborated a theoretical framework approaching of the history of graduation in Tourism in Brazil as well as its challenges and prospects. In the sequence, the data were collected through documental research and the interviews were analyzed by content analysis. As a result it is observed that the bachelor degree in tourism of UFPR has gone through by several transformations in its structure, especially in the curriculum. Its contribution is present through hundreds of graduated people, many projects related to research and society which generating new knowledge in the tourism area. Thus, from a market attentive perception, critical in relation to sociocultural reality, aiming at a whole formation, the course reaches its recognition

Expeditious modelling of urban scenes

The complex and extensive nature of urban environments creates difficulties to the task of generating virtual models. However, the amount of information regarding urban areas available in digital format is an enabling condition to the automation of the modelling processes, thus reducing the amount of human intervention required.This paper presents a three-dimensional modelling system based on interoperable access to data in diverse formats and digital support. Data integration is achieved by the use of XML documents or invoking Web services in a distributed architecture.The system is driven by L-systems based modelling processes that automatically generate initial solutions for virtual environments. These initial solutions are, probably, characterised by a low level of realism, but can be incrementally improved.The modelling processes and data sources are specified in a declarative way, using documents based on an XML-schema called XL3D

Physical activity and sedentary lifestyle among children from private and public schools in Northern Brazil

OBJECTIVE: To analyze factors associated with physical activity and the mean time spent in some sedentary activities among school-aged children. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in a random sample of 592 schoolchildren aged nine to 16 years in 2005, in São Luís, Northern Brazil. Data were collected by means of a 24-Hour Physical Activity Recall Questionnaire, concerning demographic and socioeconomic variables, physical activities practiced and time spent in certain sedentary activities. Physical activities were classified according to their metabolic equivalents (MET), and a physical activity index was estimated for each child. Sedentary lifestyle was estimated based on time spent watching television, playing videogames and on the computer/internet. Chi square test was used to compare proportions. Linear regression analysis was used to establish associations. Estimates were adjusted for the effect of the sampling design. RESULTS: The mean of the physical activity index was 605.73 MET-min/day (SD = 509.45). School children that were male (coefficient=134.57; 95%CI 50.77; 218.37), from public schools (coefficient.= 94.08; 95%CI 12.54; 175.62 and in the 5th to 7th grade (coefficient.=95.01; 95%CI 8.10;181.92 presented higher indices than females, children from private schools and in the 8th to the 9th grade (pOBJETIVO: Analizar factores asociados a la práctica de actividad física y al tiempo promedio invertido en algunas actividades sedentarias en escolares. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal en muestra representativa de 592 escolares de nueve a 16 años en Sao Luis, Norte de Brasil, en 2005. Los datos fueron colectados por medio de Pesquisa de Actividad Física Recordatorio de 24h, conteniendo variables demográficas, socioeconómicas, actividades físicas practicadas y tiempo invertido en algunas actividades sedentarias. Las actividades físicas fueron clasificadas de acuerdo con su equivalente metabólico (MET) y se obtuvo el Índice de Actividad Física para cada escolar. El sedentarismo fue evaluado por el tiempo invertido en TV/computadora/juegos. Para comparaciones entre proporciones, se utilizó la prueba de chi-cuadrado. Se aplicó análisis de regresión linear para establecer asociaciones. Las estimaciones fueron corregidas por el efecto del diseño muestral. RESULTADOS: El promedio general del índice de Actividad Física fue 605,73 MET-min/día (DE=509,45). Escolares del sexo masculino (coeficiente=134,57; IC95% 50,77;218,37), de la red pública (coeficiente=94,08; IC95% 12,54;175,62) y el grupo de 4to a 6to grado (coeficiente=95,01; IC95% 8,10;181,92) presentaron mayores índices al compararlos con el sexo femenino, con la red privada y con el grupo de 7mo a 8vo grado, respectivamente (pOBJETIVO: Analisar fatores associados à prática de atividade física e ao tempo médio despendido com algumas atividades sedentárias em escolares. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal em amostra representativa de 592 escolares de nove a 16 anos em São Luís, MA em 2005. Os dados foram coletados por meio de Inquérito de Atividade Física Recordatório de 24h, contendo variáveis demográficas, socioeconômicas, atividades físicas praticadas e tempo despendido com algumas atividades sedentárias. As atividades físicas foram classificadas de acordo com seu equivalente metabólico (MET) e obteve-se o Índice de Atividade Física para cada escolar. O sedentarismo foi avaliado pelo tempo despendido com TV/computador/jogos. Para comparações entre proporções, utilizou-se o teste do qui-quadrado. Aplicou-se análise de regressão linear para se estabelecerem associações. As estimativas foram corrigidas pelo efeito do desenho amostral. RESULTADOS: A média geral do índice de Atividade Física foi 605,73 MET-min/dia (DP = 509,45). Escolares do sexo masculino (coeficiente = 134,57; IC95% 50,77; 218,37), da rede pública (coeficiente = 94,08; IC95% 12,54; 175,62) e o grupo do 5º ao 7º ano (coeficiente = 95,01; IC95% 8,10;181,92) apresentaram maiores índices quando comparados ao sexo feminino, à rede privada e ao grupo do 8º ao 9º ano, respectivamente (p < 0,05). Em média, os escolares permaneceram 2,66 horas/dia em atividades sedentárias. O tempo nessas atividades diminuiu de maneira significativa no grupo de nove a 11 anos (coeficiente = -0,49 h/dia; IC95% -0,88; -0,10) e nas classes econômicas mais baixas (coeficiente = -0,87; IC95% -1,45;-0,30). Tarefas domésticas (59,4%) e deslocamento a pé para a escola (58,4%) foram as atividades físicas mais citadas. CONCLUSÕES: Ser do sexo feminino, pertencer à rede privada de ensino e ao grupo do 8º ao 9º ano foram fatores associados a menor nível de atividade física. Escolares de menor idade e pertencentes à classe econômica mais baixa gastaram menos tempo em atividades sedentárias

The Brazilian scientific production on risk management in the public sector: a bibliometric analysis

O gerenciamento de riscos tem se mostrado como ferramenta essencial para o alcance dos objetivos das instituições. No setor público, ela pode auxiliar na gestão mais eficiente dos recursos, que reflete na melhoria da prestação de serviços ao cidadão. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a produção científica de artigos sobre gestão de riscos com enfoque no setor público, publicada em periódicos nacionais. O estudo é caracterizado como uma pesquisa bibliométrica, exploratória-descritiva, documental, com abordagem quantitativa. Foram utilizados os bancos de dados SPELL (Scientific Periodicals Eletronic Library) e Plataforma Capes no período de 2008 a 2018. Observou-se um aumento na produção científica sobre a temática no período compreendido entre 2008 e 2016, a partir de quando se observa um declínio. O perfil de autoria predominante foi de dois autores, doutores e vinculados a instituições da Região Sudeste, em especial São Paulo. Foram encontradas publicações em um grande número de periódicos com predominância de classificação Qualis B2. Prevalecem pesquisas qualitativas do tipo exploratória com a utilização do estudo de caso. A maior parcela dos estudos realizou-se em entes públicos da esfera estadual e municipal. Identificou-se, também, que uma parcela significativa dos estudos se baseia no modelo COSO.La gestión de riesgos ha demostrado ser una herramienta esencial para el logro de los objetivos de las instituciones. En el sector público, puede ayudar a una gestión de recursos más eficiente, lo que se refleja en una mejor prestación de servicios al ciudadano. Este estudio tuvo por objetivo investigar la producción científica de artículos de gestión de riesgos centrados en el sector público, publicados en revistas nacionales. El estudio se caracteriza por ser una investigación documental bibliométrica, exploratória descriptiva con un enfoque cuantitativo. Las bases de datos SPELL (Scientific Periodicals Electronic Library) y Platforma Capes se utilizaron de 2008 a 2018. Hubo un aumento en la producción científica sobre el tema entre 2008 y 2016, desde el momento en que se observa una disminución. El perfil de autor predominante fue de dos autores, doctores y vinculados a instituciones de la Región Sudeste, especialmente São Paulo. Se encontraron publicaciones en un gran número de revistas con predominio de la clasificación Qualis B2. La investigación exploratoria cualitativa prevalece con el uso de casos de estudio. La mayoría de los estudios se realizaron en entidades públicas estatales y municipales. Se encontró también que una parte importante de los estudios se basa en el modelo COSO.Risk management is presented as an essential tool for achieving the objectives of institutions. In the public sector, it can assist in the management of resources, which improve the execution of services to the citizen. This study aimed to investigate the scientific production of risk management articles with a focus on the public, published in national journals. The study is characterized as a bibliometric research, exploratory-descriptive, documentary, with quantitative. SPELL (Scientific Periodicals Electronic Library) and Capes Platform databases were used from 2008 to 2018. There was an increase in scientific production on the subject in the period from 2008 to 2016. The predominant authorship profile was two authors, doctors and linked to institutions in the Southeast Region, especially São Paulo. What is a large number of journals with predominance of Qualis B2 classification. Qualitative research of the exploratory type prevails with the use of the case study. Most of the studies carried out are at the federal and municipal levels. It was also identified that a large part of the studies is based on the COSO model.Revista do Serviço Público - RSP, v. 71, n. 4 p. 887-920Análise e Ciência de DadosGestão PúblicaISSN Eletrônico: 2357-8017ISSN Impresso: 0034-924

Nanoencapsulation and bioaccessibility of polyphenols of aqueous extracts from Bauhinia forficata link

Bauhinia forficata Link is a plant rich in polyphenols that has been used mainly for its hypoglycemic activity, which is related to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. However, the beneficial effect of these bioactive compounds is directly dependent on their bioaccessibility and bioavailability, requiring processing techniques that can improve and preserve their biological activities. This work aimed to obtain nanocapsulated extracts from the infusion (ESIN) and decoction (ESDC) of B. forficata Link leaves, by spray drying. The encapsulating agents used were maltodextrin and colloidal silicon dioxide. The nanocapsules were characterized by HPLC-PDA-ESI-IT-MSn, evaluated the bioaccessibility of polyphenols after simulated digestion and their antioxidant activity. Additionally, an extensive physicochemical characterization of the nanocapsulated extracts was carried out and their stability and technological parameters were evaluated. The ESIN and ESDC extracts had yields of 57.3 % and 62.7 %, with average nanocapsules sizes of 0.202 μm and 0.179 μm, low humidity and water activity (<0.5), powder density and proper flow properties (Hausner ratio ≤ 1.25; Carr index 18–19 %). Scanning electron microscopy showed a spherical and amorphous morphology and low viscosity, which may have favored the solubility profile. The phenolic compounds of the nanocapsules degraded after 400 °C, showing high thermal stability. The infrared spectra identified the presence of maltodextrin and phenolic compounds and that there were no reactions between them. Chromatography confirmed the presence of phenolic compounds, mainly flavonols and their O-glycosylated derivatives, as well as carbohydrates, probably maltodextrin. Simulated in vitro digestion showed that polyphenols and flavonoids from ESIN and ESDC nanocapsules were bioaccessible after the gastric phase (49.38 % and 64.17 % of polyphenols and 64.08 % and 36.61 % of flavonoids) and duodenal (52.68 % and 79.06 % of polyphenols and 13.24 % and 139.03 % of flavoids), with a variation from 52.27 % to 70.55 % of the antioxidant activity maintained, by the ORAC method, after gastric digestion and still 25 %, after duodenal. Therefore, the nanoencapsulation of extracts of B. forficata is a viable option for the preservation of their bioactive compounds, making them bioaccessible and with antioxidant activity, which make them suitable for incorporation into various nutraceutical formulations, such as capsules, tablets and sachets.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Combinando análise fractal e mineração de séries temporais para identificação de extremos climáticos regionais

Nas últimas décadas, grandes quantidades de dados climáticos provenientes de estações meteorológicas e de outros tipos de sensores têm sido coletadas e armazenadas por diversas instituições. A análise desses dados tornou-se uma tarefa importante devido às mudanças climáticas e seus efeitos sociais e econômicos. Este trabalho propõe um processo de análise de múltiplas séries temporais climáticas para identificar padrões temporais intrínsecos aos dados. Considerando múltiplas séries como uma data stream, é possível integrar diferentes variáveis climáticas e detectar mudanças de comportamento ao longo do tempo. Estudos em séries climáticas reais coletadas em diferentes regiões do Brasil mostram o potencial de aplicação dessa abordagem

LEVANTAMENTO EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DA MALÁRIA NO ESTADO DO MARANHÃO, BRASIL NOS ANOS DE 2007 A 2012

A malária é um problema global e signifcativo para a saúde pública, atingindo entre 300 e 500 milhões de pessoas e ocasionando aproximadamente dois milhões de óbitos anualmente. A malária é endêmica no Brasil, especifcamente na região da Amazônia Legal, com média de 500 mil casos ao ano.  Das 156 espécies de plasmódio, somente cinco estão associadas à etiologia em humanos: Plasmodium vivax, P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. ovale e P. knowlesi. O presente estudo teve por objetivo  realizar um  levantamento epidemiológico dos casos de malária no Estado do Maranhão entre os anos de 2007 e 2012, através da análise de dados de  indivíduos  infectados disponível no Sistema de Vigilância Epidemiológica - SIVEP/MALÁRIA. Foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros: número total de casos por ano, índice parasitário anual (IPA), origem da contaminação (casos autóctones ou importados), distribuição dos indivíduos acometidos por idade e sexo além da espécie de parasito causador. De 2007 a 2012 houve uma redução progressiva do número casos notifcados de malária no Estado do Maranhão, com consequente redução do IPA, exceto no ano de 2009. Verifcou-se a prevalência de casos de malária em indivíduos do sexo masculino, em idade adulta (de 20 a 39 anos), sendo a maioria dos casos por transmissão autóctone. No Maranhão, bem como na Amazônia Legal, a grande maioria de casos de malária foi causada por Plasmodium vivax.Descritores: Malária. Plasmodium sp. SIVEP. Maranhão.AbstractEpidemiological survey of malaria cases  in the state of Maranhão, Brazil from 2007 to 2012. Malaria is a global problem with great  impact  in public health, affecting between 300 and 500 million people and causing nearly  two million deaths annually. Malaria is endemic in Brazil, specifcally in the Amazon region, with the average of 500.000 cases per year. Over 156  species of Plasmodium are known, but only fve are associated with disease  in humans: Plasmodium vivax, P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. ovale and P. knowlesi. The aim of this study was to perform an epidemiological survey of malaria cases in the state of Maranhão, during the years of 2007 to 2012, by analyzing the data of infected individuals available at  the Epidemiological Surveillance System- SIVEP/MALARIA. The following parameters were analyzed: total number of cases per year, the annual parasite incidence (API), source of contamination (indigenous or imported cases) and distribution of affected individuals by age, sex and species of infecting parasite. From 2007 to 2012 there was a progressive reduction of notifed malaria cases in Maranhão, as well as the API, except in the year of 2009. The cases of malaria were prevalent in males, aged mostly from 20 to 39 year old, and were due to indigenous contamination. In Maranhão, as well as in the Amazon region, the vast majority of the malaria infections were caused by Plasmodium vivax.Descriptors: Malaria. Plasmodium sp. SIVEP. Maranhao