Clergy and royal service: the case of king Fernando's chancery

This study aims to analyse the participation of medieval clergy in royal administration through the example of the ecclesiastics mentioned in the documents of the chancery of king Fernando I of Portugal. For this, we shall analyse: 1) the ecclesiastics in the royal household; 2) the ecclesiastics with offices in the royal bureaucrac

Studium y académicos portugueses en la Edad Media: algunas aportaciones sobre una línea de investigación y sus bases de datos

This paper aims to present an existing research strand at the Centro de História da Universidade de Lisboa (CH-ULisboa), which is based on several resources related to digital humanities. This broader research strand has three main axes: the study of the University of Lisbon per se, the mobility of Portuguese scholars in the medieval and early modern periods, and the funding and management of the medieval Portuguese studium, which together can help generate a general picture of the history of the universityin Portugal. These three axes are based on different field of digital humanities, such as databases and GIS, which we intend to merge and make available online in the near future. Two of these databases (the Magistri Database and the Peregrinatio Database) are presented here as case studies to discuss different issues derived from the use of the prosopographical method, as well as to address several technical issues.El presente artículo tiene como objetivo la presentación de una línea de investigación existente en el Centro de História da Universidade de Lisboa (CH-ULisboa) basada en varios recursos relacionados con las humanidades digitales. Esta línea de investigación más amplia tiene tres ejes principales: el estudio de la Universidad de Lisboa, la movilidad de los estudiantes portugueses en las épocas medieval y moderna, y la financiación y gestión del studium medieval portugués, todos entrelazados con el fin de obtener una imagen de la historia de la universidad en Portugal. Estos tres ejes se basan en diferentes campos de las humanidades digitales, tales como las bases de datos y los SIG, que tenemos la intención de fusionar y hacer disponibles en línea en un futuro próximo. Dos de estas bases de datos (Magistri y Peregrinatio) se presentan aquí como casos de estudio que permiten examinar las cuestiones derivadas de la utilización de una metodología basada en la prosopografía, así como intentar aclarar problemas técnicos relacionados con ella.     &nbsp

A mobilidade dos escolares portugueses: a peregrinatio academica entre os séculos XII e XV

This essay aims to explore the Portuguese peregrinatio academica throughout Christendom between the 12th and the 15th centuries. Based on a prosopographical survey, we analyse this phenomenon in two different moments (before and after the foundation of the Portuguese studium generale in the late-13th century), examining the migration trends, the fields of knowledge studied as well as the careers of these men after their passage through several European universities concerning the regnum, the sacerdotium or the studium.O presente ensaio visa dar a conhecer a peregrinatio academica dos portugueses na Cristandade entre os séculos XII e XV. Partindo de uma base prosopográfica, será feita uma análise sequenciada deste fenómeno em dois momentos distintos (antes e depois do estabelecimento do Estudo Geral de Lisboa, no final do século XIII), examinando as correntes desta migração, as matérias estudadas e os percursos destes homens após a sua passagem por diferentes universidades europeias, ao serviço do regnum, do sacerdotium ou do studium

The mobility of Portuguese scholars: the peregrinatio academica between the 12th and 15th centuries

O presente ensaio visa dar a conhecer a peregrinatio academica dos portugueses na Cristandade entre os séculos XII e XV. Partindo de uma base prosopográfica, será feita uma análise sequenciada deste fenómeno em dois momentos distintos (antes e depois do estabelecimento do Estudo Geral de Lisboa, no final do século XIII), examinando as correntes desta migração, as matérias estudadas e os percursos destes homens após a sua passagem por diferentes universidades europeias, ao serviço do regnum, do sacerdotium ou do studium.This essay aims to explore the Portuguese peregrinatio academica throughout Christendom between the 12th and the 15th centuries. Based on a prosopographical survey, we analyse this phenomenon in two different moments (before and after the foundation of the Portuguese studium generale in the late-13th century), examining the migration trends, the fields of knowledge studied as well as the careers of these men after their passage through several European universities concerning the regnum, the sacerdotium or the studium.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Homens de letras e homens de leis ao serviço da monarquia portuguesa (séculos XII-XIII)

Ao longo da primeira dinastia, os letrados ao serviço da Coroa portuguesa desempenharam um papel decisivo e cada vez mais importante na afirmação do poder real. Homens de leis e homens de letras serviram à casa real como oficiais, representaram os reis portugueses em atos políticos e diplomáticos e exerceram um grande leque de funções na esfera da administração central - políticas, jurídicas, médicas, económicas, administrativas. A presença desses elementos ao lado dos monarcas fez-se sentir desde a fundação do reino, logo desde o reinado de D. Afonso Henriques, coincidindo o corolário deste processo de recrutamento com a chegada de D. Afonso III ao trono, numa política continuada, de forma firme, por D. Dinis. O conjunto de eruditos recenseados junto dos reis portugueses da época fundacional constitui, nessa medida, um interessante estudo de caso para compreender, em parte, em que consistia um círculo áulico, à luz dos valores do século XII e XIII

Literati in the Court of King Afonso III of Portugal (1248-1279)

Throughout the first dynasty, the literati at the service of the Portuguese Crown played an increasingly important role in the assertion of royal power. They can be found serving the royal house as officers, representing the Portuguese kings in political and diplomatic acts, and even playing a wide range of other functions in the central administration: legal, medical, economic, administrative, etc. The presence of these elements next to the monarchs was felt since the foundation of the kingdom, but the corollary of this process occurred with the arrival of King Afonso III to the throne of Portugal. Thus, his circle of scholars constitutes an interesting case study to understand the notion of an aulic circle, the light of European values of the thirteenth century. At the same time, illustrates the paradigm of a well-oiled bureaucratic machine in search for a strong political centralization

Spartidienedione, a new sesquiterpene with a novel carbon skeleton from Baccharis spartioides

Spartidienedione, a new sesquiterpene possessing a novel carbon skeleton, was isolated from the aerial part of Baccharis spartioides and its structure established by spectroscopical methods. © 1993

Soil microarthropod community testing: a new approach to increase the ecological relevance of effect data for pesticide risk assessment

In the present study, a new complementary approach combining the use of the natural soil microarthropod community and conventional test methods was used. The effects of soil contamination with the insecticide carbofuran on two geographically distinct microarthropod communities (Mediterranean and Tropical) were evaluated in their soils of origin under controlled laboratory conditions.After contamination of two agricultural soils from Portugal and Brazil, a gradient of concentrations was prepared. Soil cores were taken from the respective uncontaminated surrounding areas and the mesofauna of three cores was extracted directly to the test soil. After extracting the microarthropod communities to the test soil, these were incubated under laboratory conditions for 4 weeks, after which the mesofauna was extracted again. The organisms were assorted into higher taxonomic groups and Acari and Collembola were respectively assorted into order/sub-order/cohort and family. Collembolans were still classified according to morphological traits and used as a case-study of trait based risk assessment (TERA; Baird et al., 2008) of pesticides.The exposure to insecticide contamination caused the impoverishment of the taxonomic diversity in both communities. Significant shifts in the microarthropod community structure in the different carbofuran treatments were found for both soils, although effects were more pronounced in the assay performed with the soil from Brazil. Collembolans were the most affected group with a strong decline in their abundance. A dose-response relationship was observed, showing a consistent decline on the relative abundance of Isotomidae, closely followed by an increase of Entomobryidae. Contrastingly, Acari (especially Oribatida) tended to increase their numbers with higher concentrations.Trait based analysis of Collembola data suggested that a shift in the functional composition of the communities occurred due to carbofuran soil contamination and that species adapted to deeper soil layers were more vulnerable to insecticide toxicity