Financial intermediation and growth : Causality and causes

The authors evaluate: a) whether the level of development of financial intermediaries exerts a casual influence on economic growth; and b) whether cross-country differences in legal and accounting systems (such as creditor rights, contract enforcement, and accounting standards) explain differences in the level of financial development. Using both traditional cross-section, instrumental-variable procedures and recent dynamic panel techniques, they find that development of financial intermediaries exerts a large causal impact on growth. The data also show that cross-country differences in legal and accounting systems help determine differences in financial development. Together, these findings suggest that legal and accounting reform that strengthens creditor rights, contract enforcement, and accounting practices boosts financial development and accelerates economic growth.Financial Intermediation,Decentralization,Economic Theory&Research,Public Health Promotion,Payment Systems&Infrastructure,Financial Intermediation,Financial Economics,Achieving Shared Growth,Economic Theory&Research,Governance Indicators

Refining the multi-field effects of Higgs inflation

Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (p. 37).In this thesis, I investigated the extent to which the inclusion of multiple scalar fields in models of Higgs inflation produces observable departures from the single field case. I designed simulations to numerically solve the differential equations of motion in the Einstein frame governing the evolution of two nonminimally coupled fields in a quartic potential. Determining the behavior of the Hubble parameter, I found that successful inflation results in this model from a range of initial conditions. Based on calculations of the evolution of field perturbations by Courtney Peterson and Max Tegmark [6], the results suggest that the turn rate of the fields' combined velocity through field space has been sufficiently small since Hubble crossing that it may be excluded as a source of the amplification of perturbations in the Cosmic Microwave Background to their present size.by Ross Norman Greenwood.S.B

Norman E. Ross, Jr. to Senator James O. Eastland, 5 August 1974

Typed manuscript signed dated 5 August 1974 from Norman E. Ross, Jr., Assistant Director of Domestic Council, to Eastland, re: livestock industry, meat imports, Department of Agriculture, school lunch program; 3 pages.https://egrove.olemiss.edu/joecorr_f/1092/thumbnail.jp

An Unpublished Caricatura by Domenico Tiepolo

Includes bibliographical reference

On the Performance of Trellis Coded Modulation in a Concatenated Reed-Bolomon System

Concatenated systems combining the error correcting power of trellis codes and Reed-Solomon (RS) codes have been used to achieve error rates between 10-10 and 10-20 on satelite communications links [l]. The need for spectral efficiency has motivated consideration of of non-binary signalling with Ungerboeck [2,3] codes or the Pragmatic standard recently proposed by Viterbi [4], in place of quaternary signalling with rate 1/2 coding. In this paper we investigates the use of 8-PSK trellis-coded modulation (TCM) in a concatenated system using a (255,233) RS code. The use of the 8-PSK codes doubles the spectral efficiency with a performance cost of approximately 2 dB