Two-Photon-Absorption Triggered Release of 5-Fluorouracil from Isomer-Pure Polymer Bound Syn-Head-to-Head Dimers for Novel Intraocular Lenses

Different stereoisomers of the cytotoxic 5-fluorouracil (5FU) homodimers were synthesized by photochemical [2+2]-cycloaddition and polymerized into MMA/HEMA to form a novel drug-loaded copolymer for intraocular lenses as irradiation-activated treatment for secondary cataract. Three isomers were obtained, and showed significant differences in cleavage efficiency on photo-cleavage via single-photon-absorption (SPA) and two-photon-absorption (TPA). The most efficient TPA cleavage rate was observed for the syn-head-to-head 5FU dimer, which was, consequently, used for drug loading of the polymeric material to obtain a drug-loaded material of higher efficiency compared to previous works. The light and thermal stability of the polymer were confirmed and multi-dose release of the drug in aqueous solution for possible repeated treatment of cataract was proven

Two-Photon-Absorption Triggered Release of 5-Fluorouracil from Isomer-Pure Polymer Bound Syn-Head-to-Head Dimers for Novel Intraocular Lenses

Different stereoisomers of the cytotoxic 5-fluorouracil (5FU) homodimers were synthesized by photochemical [2+2]-cycloaddition and polymerized into MMA/HEMA to form a novel drug-loaded copolymer for intraocular lenses as irradiation-activated treatment for secondary cataract. Three isomers were obtained, and showed significant differences in cleavage efficiency on photo-cleavage via single-photon-absorption (SPA) and two-photon-absorption (TPA). The most efficient TPA cleavage rate was observed for the syn-head-to-head 5FU dimer, which was, consequently, used for drug loading of the polymeric material to obtain a drug-loaded material of higher efficiency compared to previous works. The light and thermal stability of the polymer were confirmed and multi-dose release of the drug in aqueous solution for possible repeated treatment of cataract was proven

Diverse Applications of Nanomedicine

The design and use of materials in the nanoscale size range for addressing medical and health-related issues continues to receive increasing interest. Research in nanomedicine spans a multitude of areas, including drug delivery, vaccine development, antibacterial, diagnosis and imaging tools, wearable devices, implants, high-throughput screening platforms, etc. using biological, nonbiological, biomimetic, or hybrid materials. Many of these developments are starting to be translated into viable clinical products. Here, we provide an overview of recent developments in nanomedicine and highlight the current challenges and upcoming opportunities for the field and translation to the clinic. \ua9 2017 American Chemical Society

Highly Dynamic Alloying and Dealloying in the Model System Gold–Silicon (AuSi)

Technological progress largely depends on innovative alloys; however, new discoveries are often hampered by a lack of knowledge concerning potential dynamics of alloying processes. Here we introduce an enabling tool for structured investigations on fast reactions between alloying constituents. The technique is based on <i>laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS)</i>, a phenomenon universally suited for the realization of massive heating and cooling rates in systems to be analyzed. Exemplified on the model system AuSi, LIPSS is demonstrated to induce alloying processes between Au and Si in submicron spatial confinements and with nanosecond temporal resolution. The light-triggered process causes Au migration through silicon at rates in the order of meters per second. Quenched intermediate states provide insights into the structure of premature AuSi alloys as well as reactions in this system unknown so far, such as the photothermal dealloying of gold from silicon