Insight on the fundamentals of advanced oxidation processes. Role and review of the determination methods of reactive oxygen species

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have known increased application to treat wastewaters containing recalcitrant compounds that are hardly degraded by conventional technologies. AOPs are characterized by the formation of strong oxidants such as hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anions, hydroperoxyl radicals and singlet oxygen, which react with the contaminant, contributing to its degradation. This paper provides an overview of the determination methods of reactive oxygen species, ROS, in the application of AOPs; the methods developed in the available literature for the detection and quantification of ROS are reviewed as a first step in the assessment and detailed description of the mechanisms involved in the oxidation reactions, focusing on the critical analysis of the main strengths and weaknesses presented by the probe molecules employed in the evaluated studies.This research was supported by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO/SPAIN) and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) under the project CTQ2011-25262

Inhibitory Effects of the Edible Mushroom Flammulina velutipes on Lipid Accumulation in 3T3-L1 Cells

We investigated the inhibitory effect of the edible mushroom Flammulina velutipes on intracellular lipid accumulation. Among the five fractions of the F. velutipes extract, the acetone fraction had an inhibitory effect on intracellular lipid accumulation. Seven known compounds were isolated from the acetone fraction: methyl linoleate, methyl γ-linolenate, ergosterol, ergosta-5,7-dien-3β-ol, ergost-7-en-3β-ol, ergosterol peroxide, and 5,6-epoxy-24(R)-methylcholesta-7,22-dien-3β-ol. Ergosterol peroxide exhibited a potent inhibitory effect on the intracellular lipid accumulation. Our results indicate that ergosterol peroxide may be important as an anti-obesity agent since it inhibits the metabolic syndrome

Inhibitory Effects of the Edible Mushroom Flammulina velutipes on Lipid Accumulation in 3T3-L1 Cells

We investigated the inhibitory effect of the edible mushroom Flammulina velutipes on intracellular lipid accumulation. Among the five fractions of the F. velutipes extract, the acetone fraction had an inhibitory effect on intracellular lipid accumulation. Seven known compounds were isolated from the acetone fraction: methyl linoleate, methyl γ-linolenate, ergosterol, ergosta-5,7-dien-3β-ol, ergost-7-en-3β-ol, ergosterol peroxide, and 5,6-epoxy-24(R)-methylcholesta-7,22-dien-3β-ol. Ergosterol peroxide exhibited a potent inhibitory effect on the intracellular lipid accumulation. Our results indicate that ergosterol peroxide may be important as an anti-obesity agent since it inhibits the metabolic syndrome