8 research outputs found
Evolution of the tilapia fishery with specific reference to the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linne)
As a fishery, the immensely large (c. 68,800 km2 ) Lake
Victoria is a unique ecosystem which together with a
riverine connection to the Lake Kyoga basin share a
common endemic "Victorian" fish fauna (Greenwood
1966). Until the 1950s, the single socio economically
most important species of fish in these two lakes was
the native Oreochromis esculentus Graham (Graham
1929) even though the lake also contained a second
native tilapiine, 0reochromis variabilis , and over 300 other fish species (Beauchamp, 1956)
DEVELOPMENT OF INTERMITTENT DROUGHT STRESS TOLERANT COMMON BEAN GENOTYPES IN UGANDA
Common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties that are high yielding
and drought-tolerant are crucial in coping with the effects of drought,
that is prevalent among small scale producers living in Uganda. The
objective of this study was to assess the level of drought tolerance in
bean genotypes to be used for the initial development of
drought-tolerant genotypes in Uganda. Three local genotypes and five
exotic drought-tolerant lines were phenotyped under well-watered and
drought-stress conditions. Drought tolerant genotypes were selected
basing on high value for the geometric mean for seed yield and low
drought susceptibility indices. The exotic lines, SEN 98, SCR48 and SEN
99, emerged superior in these attributes, and in pod partitioning index
(PPI) and pod harvest index (PHI). Thus, these genotypes could be
useful sources of genes for drought tolerance in the bean breeding
programme in Uganda. The local genotype, NABE 15 was similar to the
three promising materials for PPI and PHI. Pods per plant and seed
weight were the yield components most affected by drought, with
reductions of 82 and 78 %, respectively, for SEN 98.Les vari\ue9t\ue9s \ue0 haut rendement du haricot commun (
Phaseolus vulgaris L.) qui sont tol\ue9rant \ue0 la
s\ue9cheresse sont tr\ue8s importantes pour faire face aux effets
n\ue9fastes de la s\ue9cheresse, auxquels sont confront\ue9s les
petits producteurs en Ouganda. L\u2019objectif de cette \ue9tude
\ue9tait d\u2019\ue9valuer le niveau de tol\ue9rance des
\ue9cotypes de haricot commun pouvant \ueatre utilis\ue9es pour
un d\ue9but de cr\ue9ation de vari\ue9t\ue9s tol\ue9rante
\ue0 la s\ue9cheresse en Ouganda. Trois \ue9cotypes locaux et
cinq venus d\u2019ailleurs ont \ue9t\ue9 \ue9valu\ue9s sous
diff\ue9rentes conditions de disponibilit\ue9 en eau\ua0; bien
arros\ue9 et non arros\ue9. Des \ue9cotypes tol\ue9rants \ue0
la s\ue9cheresse ont \ue9t\ue9 s\ue9lectionn\ue9s sur la base
de leur rendement en grains en consid\ue9rant leur moyenne
g\ue9om\ue9trique et de leur faible indice de susceptibilit\ue9
\ue0 la s\ue9cheresse. Les \ue9cotypes venus
d\u2019ailleurs\ua0tels que SEN 98, SCR48 et SEN 99 sont les
meilleurs de cette s\ue9lection, ils pr\ue9sentent \ue9galement
les indices de partionnement (PPI) et de r\ue9colte (PHI) les plus
\ue9lev\ue9s. Ainsi, ces \ue9cotypes pourraient \ueatre
utilis\ue9s comme sources g\ue9n\ue9tiques de tol\ue9rance
\ue0 la s\ue9cheresse dans les programmes d\u2019am\ue9lioration
v\ue9g\ue9tale en Ouganda. Pour ce qui concerne les PPI et PHI,
l\u2019\ue9cotype local NABE 15 avait les m\ueames performances
que les trois \ue9cotypes performants venus d\u2019ailleurs, Mais le
nombre de graine par gousse et le poids des graines sont tr\ue8s
affect\ue9s par la s\ue9cheresse, avec une baisse de 82 et de 78%
respectivement par rapport \ue0 l\u2019\ue9cotype SEN 98
AGRONOMIC QUALITIES OF GENETIC PYRAMIDS OF COMMON BEAN DEVELOPED FOR MULTIPLE-DISEASE-RESISTANCE
Multiple co-infections by different pathogens on common bean (
Phaseolus vulgaris L.) affect its productivity and cause complete
crop loss in susceptible varieties. Therefore, gene pyramiding using
marker assisted selection (MAS) and backcrossing, provide alternative
cost-effective control measures to bean diseases. However, in the
process of developing pyramids, linkage drags were likely to affect the
qualities of progeny lines, hence, special attention was paid to this
situation. The objective of this study was thus to assess the agronomic
qualities of advanced genetic pyramids developed from a four-way cross
for multiple disease resistance. The disease resistance genes (R)
pyramided from four parents were: Co42 and Co-5 from G2333; Phg-2 from
MEX54; Pythium ultimum Dennis from MLB49-89A and I & bc3 from
MCM5001. The progeny lines were planted in an incomplete block design,
and replicated thrice for two seasons (2015A and 2015B) in fields at
CIAT, Kawanda in Uganda. Agronomic traits were highly heritable (0.6),
except number of pods per plant (< 0.3). Backcrossing generated
high-yielding bean lines, with 270 - 290 seed per plant and early
maturity (95-100 days). Nine superior lines with desirable qualities,
such as earliness (95 days), high seed rate (290 seeds per plant), and
climbing ability, were obtained. Pyramiding R genes did not affect
yield traits, except time to flowering and number of flower buds per
plant due to transgressive segregation.Les co-infections multiples par de diff\ue9rents pathog\ue8nes sur
le haricot commun ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) affectent sa
productivit\ue9 et causent la perte totale des vari\ue9t\ue9s
susceptibles de la culture. Par cons\ue9quent, la pyramide des
g\ue8nes en utilisant la s\ue9lection assist\ue9e par des
marqueurs (MAS) et le r\ue9trocroisement, fournissent des mesures
alternatives de contr\uf4le moins ch\ue8res des maladies du
haricot. N\ue9anmoins, dans le processus du d\ue9veloppement des
pyramides, les poids des liaisons affectent probablement les
qualit\ue9s des lign\ue9es de prog\ue9nitures, de ce fait, une
attention particuli\ue8re \ue9tait port\ue9e \ue0 cette
situation. L\u2019objectif de cette \ue9tude \ue9tait
d\u2019\ue9valuer les qualit\ue9s agronomiques des pyramides
g\ue9n\ue9tiques avanc\ue9es d\ue9velopp\ue9es d\u2019un
croisement de quatre parents pour la r\ue9sistance aux maladies
multiples. Les g\ue8nes pyramid\ue9s de r\ue9sistance (R) \ue0
la maladie de quatre parents \ue9taient\ua0: Co42 et Co-5 de G2333;
Phg-2 de MEX54; Pythium ultimum Dennis de MLB49-89A et I & bc3
de MCM5001. Les lign\ue9es de prog\ue9nitures \ue9taient
plant\ue9es en arrangement de block incomplet et r\ue9pliqu\ue9
trois fois pendant deux saisons (2015A et 2015B) dans les champs \ue0
CIAT, Kawanda en Ouganda. Les traits agronomiques \ue9taient
hautement h\ue9ritables (0,6), \ue0 l\u2019exception du nombre de
gousses par plant (<0.3). Le r\ue9trocroisement a
g\ue9n\ue9r\ue9 des lign\ue9es d\u2019haricot \ue0 haut
rendement, avec 270-290 graines par plant et \ue0 maturit\ue9
pr\ue9coce (95-100 jours). Neuf lign\ue9es sup\ue9rieures avec
des qualit\ue9s d\ue9sirables, telles que la pr\ue9cocit\ue9
(95 jours), taux de graines \ue9lev\ue9s (290 graines par plant) et
l\u2019habilit\ue9 grimpante, \ue9taient obtenues. La pyramide des
g\ue8nes R n\u2019avait pas affect\ue9 les traits li\ue9s au
rendement, \ue0 l\u2019exception de la p\ue9riode de floraison et
le nombre de bougeons de fleurs par plant d\ufb \ue0 la
s\ue9gr\ue9gation transgressive
Herança da resistência em feijoeiro à murcha causada por Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens
Mapping the medical outcomes study HIV health survey (MOS-HIV) to the EuroQoL 5 Dimension (EQ-5D-3L) utility index
10.1186/s12955-019-1135-8Health and Quality of Life Outcomes1718