Comparação e associação de parâmetros de saúde física, mental e social de crianças praticantes do mini-handebol : variáveis do modelo conceitual da alfabetização física

O modelo de alfabetização física destaca a inter-relação dinâmica entre as variáveis motoras, sociais, afetivas, motivacionais e o entendimento da importância da atividade física, vistas como recíprocas e que reforçam o processo, influenciando os desfechos de saúde física, mental e social. Ações de desenvolvimento do jogo, especificamente do Mini-Handebol, e funções executivas de crianças que praticam um esporte coletivo de invasão, poderão reforçar os resultados das interações. O objetivo do estudo foi comparar e associar parâmetros de saúde física, mental e social de crianças praticantes do Mini-Handebol no modelo conceitual da alfabetização física. A dissertação foi organizada em capítulos, sendo os capítulos 4 e 5 compostos por dois artigos: o primeiro para investigar as diferenças entre meninos e meninas praticantes de Mini-Handebol, nos desfechos de saúde física, saúde mental e saúde social; e o segundo para investigar as associações da percepção de competência, orientação da motivação, prazer na prática, suporte social, funções executivas e competência motora com a competência no jogo nos desfechos de índice de tomada de decisão, índice de apoio, índice de defesa e índice de envolvimento no jogo, separados por sexo. Participaram dos dois artigos 27 crianças, sendo 15 meninas e 12 meninos, com idades entre seis e 10 anos. Para analisar a competência motora das habilidades de controle de objetos presentes no mini-handebol das crianças foi utilizado o Test of Gross Motor Development – Third Edition (TGMD-3). Para a análise da competência no jogo infantil o Game Performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI). As funções executivas foram mensuradas pelos testes Odd oneOut (memória de trabalho), Trail Making Test (flexibilidade cognitiva) e Go no Go (controle inibitório). A escala de Self-Perception Profile for Children foi utilizada para analisar a percepção de competência; a Scale of Intrinsic versus Extrinsic Orientation in the Classroom para motivação intrínseca; a escala The Children’s Selfperceptions of Adequacy in and Predilection for Physical Activity para o prazer na prática motora; e a Social Support Scale for Children para o suporte social. Para análise dos dados foram utilizadas estatística descritiva, ANOVA One Way para comparar os grupos, Correlação de Pearson para analisar as associações entre as variáveis e Regressões Lineares Múltiplas, seleção Backward Stepwise foram utilizadas para verificar os modelos associativos entre as variáveis e os desfechos do jogo, separadas por sexo. Os resultados mostram que: no Artigo 1 as diferenças significativas foram encontradas entre os sexos, com médias mais altas para as meninas em todas as variáveis das funções executivas; nos subgrupos de Competência Escolar, Aparência Física, Auto Valor Global, e escore total da Percepção de Competência; no subgrupo de Curiosidade/ Aprovação do Professor da orientação da motivação; nos subgrupos de Suporte 11 Parental, Suporte Amigos Próximos, Suporte Social do suporte social; no subgrupo de Predileção e no total do Prazer na Prática Motora; na Ação de Jogo de Progredir em quique, com o quique inicial dentro dessa categoria; e a Ação de Jogo de Arremessar Inapropriado. Os meninos apresentaram médias mais altas no Arremesso por cima Inicial nas Decisões de Passar Apropriado e Inapropriado, e nas Ações de Mover-se para Participar e Marcar a Linha de Passe. No Artigo 2 modelos significativas foram encontradas para: Índices de Envolvimento no Jogo (Meninas: Suporte Parental/ Meninos: Manipulação e Adequação); Tomada de Decisão (Meninas: Diversão), Apoio (Meninas: Flexibilidade Cognitiva e Suporte de Amigos Próximos) e Defesa (Meninas: Flexibilidade Cognitiva, Suporte Parental e Suporte de Amigos Próximos/ Meninos: Aceitação Social). Concluímos que as análises do desempenho do jogo infantil na categoria Mini do handebol, em relação às variáveis da alfabetização física e funções executivas são importantes princípios para o planejamento de aulas com objetivo holístico para o desenvolvimento da criança, para a importância do desenvolvimento do esporte na infância com benefícios a curto e longo prazo e a possível continuidade do exercício físico ao longo da vida.The physical literacy model highlights the dynamic interrelationship between motor, social, affective, motivational variables and the understanding of the importance of physical activity, seen as reciprocal and that reinforce the process, influencing the outcomes of physical, mental and social health. Game development actions, specifically Mini Handball, and executive functions of children who practice a collective invasion sport, may reinforce the results of interactions. The aim of the study was to compare and associate physical, mental and social health parameters of children who practice Mini Handball in the conceptual model of physical literacy. The dissertation was organized in chapters. The chapter 4 and 5 composed by two articles: the first to investigate the differences between boys and girls who practice Mini Handball, in terms of physical health, mental health and social health; and the second to investigate the associations of perception of competence, orientation of motivation, pleasure in practice, social support, executive functions and motor competence with competence in the game in the outcomes of the decision index, support index, defense index and involvement index in the game, separated by sex. 27 children participated in the two articles, 15 girls and 12 boys, aged between 6 and 10 years. To analyze the motor competence of the object control skills present in children's mini handball, the Test of Gross Motor Development - Third Edition (TGMD-3) was used. For the analysis of competence in children's games, the Game Performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI). Executive functions were measured by Odd one Out (working memory), Trail Making Test (cognitive flexibility) and Go no Go (inhibitory control) tests. The Self-Perception Profile for Children scale was used to analyze the perception of competence; the Scale of Intrinsic versus Extrinsic Orientation in the Classroom for intrinsic motivation; The Children’s Self-perceptions of Adequacy in and Predilection for Physical Activity scale for pleasure in motor practice; and the Social Support Scale for Children for social support. For data analysis, descriptive statistics were used, ANOVA One Way to compare groups, Pearson's Correlation to analyze associations between variables and Multiple Linear Regressions, Backward Stepwise selection were used to verify the associative models between variables and game outcomes, separated by sex. The results show that: in Article 1, significant differences were found between the sexes, with higher averages for girls in all variables of executive functions, namely: Memory of Work, Inhibitory Control and Cognitive Flexibility; in the subgroups of Scholastic Competence, Physical Appearance, Global Self-Worth, and total score of Perception of Competence; in the Curiosity / Teacher Approval subgroup of the motivation orientation; in the subgroups of Parental Support, Support for Close Friends, Social 13 Support for social support; in the Predilection subgroup and in the total Pleasure in Motor Practice; in the Game Action of Progressing in dribble, with the initial dribble within this category; and Inappropriate Throwing Game Action. The boys showed higher averages in the Initial Top Throw in the Appropriate and Inappropriate Pass Decisions, and in the Actions to Move to Participate and to Mark the Pass Line. In Article 2, significant models were found for: Index of Involvement in the Game (Girls: Parental Support / Boys: Manipulation and Adequacy); Decision Making (Girls: Fun), Support (Girls: Cognitive Flexibility and Support from Close Friends) and Defense (Girls: Cognitive Flexibility, Parental Support and Support from Close Friends / Boys: Social Acceptance). We conclude that the analysis of the children's game performance in the Mini handball category, in relation to the physical literacy variables and executive functions are important principles for the planning of classes with a holistic goal for the child's development, for the importance of sport development in the childhood with short and long term benefits and the possible continuity of physical exercise throughout life

Breeding for black rot resistance in grapevine: advanced approaches for germplasm screening

Crop improvement by means of traditional or molecular breeding is a key strategy to accomplish the European Green Deal target of reducing pesticides by 50% by 2030. Regarding viticulture, this is exacerbated by the massive use of chemicals to control pathogen infections. Black rot is an emergent disease caused by the ascomycete Phyllosticta ampelicida, and its destructiveness is alarming vine growers. Implementing and improving effective phenotyping strategies are fundamental preliminary steps to breed disease resistant varieties and this work suggests good practices adopted for this purpose. Primarily, the pedigree of black rot resistance donors was reconstructed based on the collection of phenotypic historical data, highlighting unexplored sources of black rot resistance. Strains used for artificial infections were isolated, genetically characterized and mixed to avoid race-specific resistance selection. A new inoculation protocol based on the use of leaf mature lesions was developed. Ex vivo inoculation on detached leaves was effective for the evaluation of conidia germination and hyphal growth, but not for disease progression. Finally, the pedigree was used for the identification of 23 genotypes to be tested. Two breeding selections (NY39 and NY24) resulted symptomless in all assessments and a third one (F25P52) also showed very high resistance, although with a greater variability. Other two genotypes (F12P19 and ‘Charvir’) fell within the medium resistance category, making them good candidates in a regime of well-timed preventive treatments. In conclusion, this work was effective to a comprehensive parental line characterization and preparatory towards grapevine breeding programs for black rot resistanc

Long-Term Outcomes of Conventional Aortic Valve Replacement in High-Risk Patients: Where Do We Stand?

Purpose: The introduction of transcatheter aortic valves has focused attention on the results of conventional aortic valve surgery in high-risk patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate 5-years outcomes in this category of patients in the current surgical era. Methods: This is an observational retrospective study of 581 high-risk patients undergoing aortic valve replacement from 2008 to 2013, with a mean logistic EuroSCORE of 26.6% ± 14.6%. Data were prospectively collected in a database of Emilia-Romagna region (Italy). Results: Overall 30-day mortality was 9.3%. Stroke rate was 1.5%. At 1-, 3-, and 5-years overall mortality was 18.2%, 30.4%, and 42.2%, cardiac death rate was 3.9%, 9.2%, and 12.9%, stroke rate 2.5%, 7.7%, and 10.2%, re-operation occurrence 0.2%, 0.9% and 1.3%, and new pacemaker implantation was 2.3%, 5.1% and 7.8%. At multivariate analysis, urgency, hemodynamic instability, LVEF ≤30%, NYHA III-IV, severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), extra-cardiac arteriopathy, cerebrovascular disease, and creatinine >2.0 mg/dL remained independent predictors of 5-year mortality. Conclusion: The results of the current study add weight to the evidence that traditional aortic valve replacement can be performed in high-risk patients with satisfactory 5-year mortality and morbidity. Our study may help to improve decision-making in this category of high-risk patients with aortic valve disease

ENGAJAMENTO MOTOR, CONTEXTO DA AULA E COMPORTAMENTO DO PROFESSOR EM AULAS DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA DE CRIANÇAS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL

As aulas de Educação Física são para a maioria das crianças o principal meio de participação em atividades estruturadas e apropriadas ao desenvolvimento e de promoção da atividade física. O contexto das aulas e a mediação do professor podem potencializar o engajamento dos alunos nas aulas. O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a qualidade do engajamento dos alunos nas aulas de educação física, o contexto das aulas e o comportamento do professor de cinco turmas do terceiro ano de escolas de ensino público. Foram observadas 20 aulas de cinco turmas do terceiro ano do ensino fundamental. Foi utilizado um instrumento observacional com categorias de engajamento motor adequado ou inadequado. Para investigar o contexto da aula e o comportamento do professor foi utilizado o System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time. Os resultados indicam que as crianças permaneciam a maior parte do tempo em comportamentos não engajado motoramente de forma adequada (39,4%), e engajado motoramente de forma adequada (31,5%). Os contextos predominantes das aulas foram de outros atividades (33,2%) e de prática da técnica (25,8%). Os comportamentos predominantes do professor foram de observar (32,9%) e de administração (26,1%). Conclui-se que as aulas de educação física proporcionam pouco tempo ativo, os contextos das aulas são de atividades com pouca mediação do professor, que por sua vez apresenta maior tendência a somente observar os alunos, sendo necessárias estratégias que proporcionem maior engajamento dos alunos

Verso l\u27allargamento dell\u27Unione europea. Una panoramica sui dati che i cittadini dei nuovi Stati Membri dovranno indicare per registrare un nome a dominio sotto il ccTLD "it"

This work is aimed at giving the information that citizen of the EU must declare in the letter of assumption of responsibility to obtain a domain name under the ccTLD \u27it\u2

Internet@minori

The Minister for Innovation and Technologies, Lucio Stanca, has organised a day to examine issues pertaining to an informed use of the Internet. The Web provides easy access to educational resources, enables forms of cooperation in learning, offers opportunities for dialogue, and facilitates contact with the many facets of our cultures. But episodes occasionally occur that are particularly serious and show that minors are highly vulnerable to the dangers of the Internet. To develop the educational potentiality of the Web to the full, these concerns must be tackled seriously and reasonably. The Conference \u27Who\u27s Afraid of the Internet? - Encouraging the informed use of the Internet\u27 is intended to lay the foundations for active co-operation among institutions, the private sector, associations and experts to deal with policy aspects of the Web and to work out plans to increase awareness, educate, and put forward potential solutions as well

Gender differences in outcomes following isolated coronary artery bypass grafting: long-term results

Background: The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of gender on outcomes after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting, in terms of 5-year rates of overall death, cardiac-related death, myocardial infarction, re-hospitalization, repeat percutaneous or surgical revascularization, stroke, new pacemaker implantation, postoperative renal failure, heart failure and need for long-term care. Methods: Two propensity-score matched cohorts, each of 1331 patients, undergoing isolated surgical coronary revascularization at the regional public and private centers of Emilia-Romagna region (Italy) from January 1st 2003 to December 31th 2013, were used to compare long-term outcomes of male (5976 patients) versus female gender (1332 patients). Results: In the matched cohort, males received significantly more bypass grafts (3.0 ± 1.0 vs 2.8 ± 1.0, p = 0.001). Left internal mammary artery use and total arterial revascularization were similarly performed in both matched subgroups. Both groups reported similar cumulative rate of all-cause, cardiac-related mortality and stroke at five years. Females experienced significantly higher rate of myocardial infarction, and not significantly higher occurrence of heart failure, and need for long-term care. Males experienced significantly higher rate of cumulative re-hospitalization and higher need for pacemaker implantation. Female gender was not an independent predictor of death at long-term follow-up. Conclusions: Women are more likely to be readmitted with myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure after CABG but experience survival similar to that observed in men. Female gender was not an independent risk factor for mortality. Prevention of new occurrence of postoperative myocardial infarction and enhancement of complete coronary revascularization should be future endpoints

The Brazilian grapevine variety called ‘Peverella’ corresponds to the ‘Boschera’ variety

Through fingerprinting analysis using reference microsatellite markers and comparing with the Vitis International Variety Catalogue (VIVC) database, it was possible to discover that in Brazil, the wine grape variety cultivated for over 70 years, called 'Peverella' (Variety number VIVC = 12963; National Register of Vine Varieties (Italy), code: 254) is actually the grape variety called 'Boschera' (Variety number VIVC = 1576;National Register of Vine Varieties (Italy), code: 326). This discovery makes wines produced in Brazil even rarer (with only approximately 10 hectares planted worldwide), presenting an additional means to promote and market this historic variety

Compreensão fenomenológica existencial acerca da dependência química na contemporaneidade / Existential phenomenological understanding about chemical dependency in contemporary times

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de através da Abordagem Fenomenológica Existencial, apresentar uma maior compreensão acerca dos motivos que levam o Homem ao uso e dependência de drogas ilícitas na contemporaneidade.  

Marker-assisted breeding for Downy mildew, Powderey mildew and Phylloxera resistance at FEM

Il programma di miglioramento genetico per le resistenze a stress biotici ha avuto inizio presso la Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM) nel 2010. Inizialmente è stata condotta una caratterizzazione sia genotipica che fenotipica di materiali acquisiti da altri programmi di breeding e di materiale selvatico raccolto in New Jersey. Sia i genotipi conosciuti nei database internazionali che i genotipi sconosciuti, imparentati e non, sono stati impiegati come linee parentali nel processo di introgressione e di piramidazione di loci di interesse. Una volta pianificati e ottenuti gli incroci, la valutazione delle progenie è avvenuta seguendo un processo di Marker-Assisted Selection: dapprima è avvenuta la selezione fenotipica in serra in base al tipo di malattia e al numero di loci attesi per la medesima malattia; successivamente si è proceduto con lo screening molecolare in base ai loci specifici attesi nei parentali. Cinque sono i loci Run/Ren associati alla resistenza all'oidio presenti nel programma FEM; riguardo ai loci associati alla resistenza alla peronospora, quattro Rpv sono ben rappresentati nel piano di incroci. Ad oggi il 26% delle F1 è piramidizzato per quattro loci di resistenza